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xmpDM:startTime="611133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="611233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="611233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="611233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="611233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="611233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="611233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont) Clusters: A collection of attributes and commands on them." xmpDM:startTime="612233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each cluster is represented by a 16-bit ID." xmpDM:startTime="612233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Commands could be read/write requests or read/write responses Cluster Library: A collection of clusters." xmpDM:startTime="612233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee forum has defined a number of cluster libraries, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="612233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="General cluster library contains on/off, level control, alarms, etc." xmpDM:startTime="612233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Binding: Process of establishing a logical relationship (parent, child, ..)" xmpDM:startTime="612233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZDO: Uses device and service discovery commands to discover details about other devices." xmpDM:startTime="612233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses binding commands to bind and unbind end points." xmpDM:startTime="612233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses network management commands for network discover, route discovery, link quality indication, join/leave requests" xmpDM:startTime="612233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="614900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="614900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="614900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="614900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="614900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="614900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont) Application Objects: e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="615333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Remote control application." xmpDM:startTime="615333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Also referred to as End-Point (EP)." xmpDM:startTime="615333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-Node: End device." xmpDM:startTime="615333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each node can have up to 250 application objects." xmpDM:startTime="615333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Object (ZDO): Control and management of application objects." xmpDM:startTime="615333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initializes coordinator, security service, device and service discovery Application Support Layer (APS): Serves application objects." xmpDM:startTime="615333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Layer: Route Discovery, neighbor discovery ZDO Management Security Service Switch Light EP1 EP6" xmpDM:startTime="615333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture App Object App Object ZDO Public Interface Zigbee Device Object (ZDO) Application Support Sublayer (APS) ZDO Management" xmpDM:startTime="616233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Security Service Network Layer Media Access Control (MAC) Physical Layer App Object Application Framework" xmpDM:startTime="616233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont) Application Objects: e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="618933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Remote control application." xmpDM:startTime="618933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Also referred to as End-Point (EP)." xmpDM:startTime="618933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-Node: End device." xmpDM:startTime="618933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each node can have up to 250 application objects." xmpDM:startTime="618933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Object (ZDO): Control and management of application objects." xmpDM:startTime="618933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initializes coordinator, security service, device and service discovery Application Support Layer (APS): Serves application objects." xmpDM:startTime="618933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Layer: Route Discovery, neighbor discovery ZDO Management Security Service Switch Light EP1 EP6" xmpDM:startTime="618933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="619167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="619167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="619167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="619167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="619167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="619167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont) Clusters: A collection of attributes and commands on them." xmpDM:startTime="619467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each cluster is represented by a 16-bit ID." xmpDM:startTime="619467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Commands could be read/write requests or read/write responses Cluster Library: A collection of clusters." xmpDM:startTime="619467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee forum has defined a number of cluster libraries, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="619467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="General cluster library contains on/off, level control, alarms, etc." xmpDM:startTime="619467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Binding: Process of establishing a logical relationship (parent, child, ..)" xmpDM:startTime="619467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZDO: Uses device and service discovery commands to discover details about other devices." xmpDM:startTime="619467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses binding commands to bind and unbind end points." xmpDM:startTime="619467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses network management commands for network discover, route discovery, link quality indication, join/leave requests" xmpDM:startTime="619467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="642367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="642367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="642367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="642367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="642367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="642367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont) Clusters: A collection of attributes and commands on them." xmpDM:startTime="643333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each cluster is represented by a 16-bit ID." xmpDM:startTime="643333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Commands could be read/write requests or read/write responses Cluster Library: A collection of clusters." xmpDM:startTime="643333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee forum has defined a number of cluster libraries, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="643333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="General cluster library contains on/off, level control, alarms, etc." xmpDM:startTime="643333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Binding: Process of establishing a logical relationship (parent, child, ..)" xmpDM:startTime="643333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZDO: Uses device and service discovery commands to discover details about other devices." xmpDM:startTime="643333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses binding commands to bind and unbind end points." xmpDM:startTime="643333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses network management commands for network discover, route discovery, link quality indication, join/leave requests" xmpDM:startTime="643333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="644067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="644067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="644067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="644067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="644067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="644067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont) Application Objects: e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="644833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Remote control application." xmpDM:startTime="644833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Also referred to as End-Point (EP)." xmpDM:startTime="644833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-Node: End device." xmpDM:startTime="644833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each node can have up to 250 application objects." xmpDM:startTime="644833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Object (ZDO): Control and management of application objects." xmpDM:startTime="644833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initializes coordinator, security service, device and service discovery Application Support Layer (APS): Serves application objects." xmpDM:startTime="644833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Layer: Route Discovery, neighbor discovery ZDO Management Security Service Switch Light EP1 EP6" xmpDM:startTime="644833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="645367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="645367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="645367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="645367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="645367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="645367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont) Application Objects: e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="645700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Remote control application." xmpDM:startTime="645700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Also referred to as End-Point (EP)." xmpDM:startTime="645700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-Node: End device." xmpDM:startTime="645700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each node can have up to 250 application objects." xmpDM:startTime="645700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Object (ZDO): Control and management of application objects." xmpDM:startTime="645700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initializes coordinator, security service, device and service discovery Application Support Layer (APS): Serves application objects." xmpDM:startTime="645700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Layer: Route Discovery, neighbor discovery ZDO Management Security Service Switch Light EP1 EP6" xmpDM:startTime="645700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="646000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="646000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="646000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="646000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="646000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="646000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont) Clusters: A collection of attributes and commands on them." xmpDM:startTime="647200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each cluster is represented by a 16-bit ID." xmpDM:startTime="647200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Commands could be read/write requests or read/write responses Cluster Library: A collection of clusters." xmpDM:startTime="647200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee forum has defined a number of cluster libraries, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="647200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="General cluster library contains on/off, level control, alarms, etc." xmpDM:startTime="647200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Binding: Process of establishing a logical relationship (parent, child, ..)" xmpDM:startTime="647200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZDO: Uses device and service discovery commands to discover details about other devices." xmpDM:startTime="647200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses binding commands to bind and unbind end points." xmpDM:startTime="647200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses network management commands for network discover, route discovery, link quality indication, join/leave requests" xmpDM:startTime="647200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="647767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="647767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="647767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="647767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="647767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="647767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont) Application Objects: e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="648067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Remote control application." xmpDM:startTime="648067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Also referred to as End-Point (EP)." xmpDM:startTime="648067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-Node: End device." xmpDM:startTime="648067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each node can have up to 250 application objects." xmpDM:startTime="648067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Object (ZDO): Control and management of application objects." xmpDM:startTime="648067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initializes coordinator, security service, device and service discovery Application Support Layer (APS): Serves application objects." xmpDM:startTime="648067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Layer: Route Discovery, neighbor discovery ZDO Management Security Service Switch Light EP1 EP6" xmpDM:startTime="648067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture App Object App Object ZDO Public Interface Zigbee Device Object (ZDO) Application Support Sublayer (APS) ZDO Management" xmpDM:startTime="648600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Security Service Network Layer Media Access Control (MAC) Physical Layer App Object Application Framework" xmpDM:startTime="648600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont) Application Objects: e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="651733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Remote control application." xmpDM:startTime="651733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Also referred to as End-Point (EP)." xmpDM:startTime="651733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-Node: End device." xmpDM:startTime="651733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each node can have up to 250 application objects." xmpDM:startTime="651733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Object (ZDO): Control and management of application objects." xmpDM:startTime="651733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initializes coordinator, security service, device and service discovery Application Support Layer (APS): Serves application objects." xmpDM:startTime="651733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Layer: Route Discovery, neighbor discovery ZDO Management Security Service Switch Light EP1 EP6" xmpDM:startTime="651733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="651933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="651933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="651933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="651933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="651933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="651933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont) Clusters: A collection of attributes and commands on them." xmpDM:startTime="652067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each cluster is represented by a 16-bit ID." xmpDM:startTime="652067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Commands could be read/write requests or read/write responses Cluster Library: A collection of clusters." xmpDM:startTime="652067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee forum has defined a number of cluster libraries, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="652067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="General cluster library contains on/off, level control, alarms, etc." xmpDM:startTime="652067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Binding: Process of establishing a logical relationship (parent, child, ..)" xmpDM:startTime="652067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZDO: Uses device and service discovery commands to discover details about other devices." xmpDM:startTime="652067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses binding commands to bind and unbind end points." xmpDM:startTime="652067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses network management commands for network discover, route discovery, link quality indication, join/leave requests" xmpDM:startTime="652067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="669067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="669067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="669067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="669067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="669067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="669067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont) Application Objects: e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="669233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Remote control application." xmpDM:startTime="669233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Also referred to as End-Point (EP)." xmpDM:startTime="669233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-Node: End device." xmpDM:startTime="669233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each node can have up to 250 application objects." xmpDM:startTime="669233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Object (ZDO): Control and management of application objects." xmpDM:startTime="669233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initializes coordinator, security service, device and service discovery Application Support Layer (APS): Serves application objects." xmpDM:startTime="669233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Layer: Route Discovery, neighbor discovery ZDO Management Security Service Switch Light EP1 EP6" xmpDM:startTime="669233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture App Object App Object ZDO Public Interface Zigbee Device Object (ZDO) Application Support Sublayer (APS) ZDO Management" xmpDM:startTime="669500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Security Service Network Layer Media Access Control (MAC) Physical Layer App Object Application Framework" xmpDM:startTime="669500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Topologies Star E E E E R C E E E E R E E E C E E" xmpDM:startTime="669800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tree Cluster Tree C C R E Coordinator Router End-Device R E E R E E Mesh E E E" xmpDM:startTime="669800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="E E E E R C R R Self-Healing" xmpDM:startTime="669800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture App Object App Object ZDO Public Interface Zigbee Device Object (ZDO) Application Support Sublayer (APS) ZDO Management" xmpDM:startTime="669867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Security Service Network Layer Media Access Control (MAC) Physical Layer App Object Application Framework" xmpDM:startTime="669867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont) Application Objects: e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="670500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Remote control application." xmpDM:startTime="670500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Also referred to as End-Point (EP)." xmpDM:startTime="670500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-Node: End device." xmpDM:startTime="670500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each node can have up to 250 application objects." xmpDM:startTime="670500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Object (ZDO): Control and management of application objects." xmpDM:startTime="670500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initializes coordinator, security service, device and service discovery Application Support Layer (APS): Serves application objects." xmpDM:startTime="670500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Layer: Route Discovery, neighbor discovery ZDO Management Security Service Switch Light EP1 EP6" xmpDM:startTime="670500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture App Object App Object ZDO Public Interface Zigbee Device Object (ZDO) Application Support Sublayer (APS) ZDO Management" xmpDM:startTime="671133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Security Service Network Layer Media Access Control (MAC) Physical Layer App Object Application Framework" xmpDM:startTime="671133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont) Application Objects: e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="676467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Remote control application." xmpDM:startTime="676467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Also referred to as End-Point (EP)." xmpDM:startTime="676467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-Node: End device." xmpDM:startTime="676467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each node can have up to 250 application objects." xmpDM:startTime="676467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Object (ZDO): Control and management of application objects." xmpDM:startTime="676467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initializes coordinator, security service, device and service discovery Application Support Layer (APS): Serves application objects." xmpDM:startTime="676467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Layer: Route Discovery, neighbor discovery ZDO Management Security Service Switch Light EP1 EP6" xmpDM:startTime="676467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="676967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="676967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="676967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="676967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="676967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="676967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont) Clusters: A collection of attributes and commands on them." xmpDM:startTime="677400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each cluster is represented by a 16-bit ID." xmpDM:startTime="677400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Commands could be read/write requests or read/write responses Cluster Library: A collection of clusters." xmpDM:startTime="677400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee forum has defined a number of cluster libraries, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="677400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="General cluster library contains on/off, level control, alarms, etc." xmpDM:startTime="677400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Binding: Process of establishing a logical relationship (parent, child, ..)" xmpDM:startTime="677400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZDO: Uses device and service discovery commands to discover details about other devices." xmpDM:startTime="677400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses binding commands to bind and unbind end points." xmpDM:startTime="677400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses network management commands for network discover, route discovery, link quality indication, join/leave requests" xmpDM:startTime="677400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Profiles Smart Energy: Electrical, Gas, Water Meter reading Commercial Building Automation: Smoke Detectors, lights, … Home Automation: Remote" xmpDM:startTime="678100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="control lighting, heating, doors, … Personal, Home, and Hospital Care (PHHC): Monitor blood pressure, heart rate, … Telecom Applications: Mobile" xmpDM:startTime="678100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="phones Remote Control for Consumer Electronics: In collaboration with Radio Frequency for Consumer Electronics (RF4CE) alliance Industrial Process Monitoring and" xmpDM:startTime="678100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Control: temperature, pressure, position (RFID), … Many others Ref: A." xmpDM:startTime="678100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Elahi and A." xmpDM:startTime="678100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Gschwender, “Zigbee Wireless Sensor and Control Network,” Prentice Hall, 2009, 288 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="678100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:0137134851, Safari Book" xmpDM:startTime="678100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sample Zigbee Products Element Classic by Sengled - A19 Soft White 2700K Smart LED Bulb (Hub Required), Works with Alexa," xmpDM:startTime="793367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Google Assistant, Echo Plus &amp; SmartThings - 1 Pack Samsung SmartThings Smart Home Hub Bosch Pro-Grade ZigBee Wireless Motion Detector" xmpDM:startTime="793367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISW-ZPR1-WP13 - Requires Samsung SmartThings Hub Samsung F-OUT-US-2 SmartThings Outlet, White Visonic MCT-340 E Wireless Door Window Temperature Sensor 2.4ghz" xmpDM:startTime="793367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZigBee - Now Works Natively with Samsung SmartThings Hub Kwikset SmartCode 910 Zigbee Contemporary Style Deadbolt with Home Connect, Polished" xmpDM:startTime="793367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Chrome (99100-058) Lock (Kwikset) Light Bulb (Sengled) Hub (Samsung) Motion Detector (Bosch) Outlet (Samsung) Temperature Sensor (Visonic)" xmpDM:startTime="793367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Profiles Smart Energy: Electrical, Gas, Water Meter reading Commercial Building Automation: Smoke Detectors, lights, … Home Automation: Remote" xmpDM:startTime="794067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="control lighting, heating, doors, … Personal, Home, and Hospital Care (PHHC): Monitor blood pressure, heart rate, … Telecom Applications: Mobile" xmpDM:startTime="794067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="phones Remote Control for Consumer Electronics: In collaboration with Radio Frequency for Consumer Electronics (RF4CE) alliance Industrial Process Monitoring and" xmpDM:startTime="794067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Control: temperature, pressure, position (RFID), … Many others Ref: A." xmpDM:startTime="794067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Elahi and A." xmpDM:startTime="794067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Gschwender, “Zigbee Wireless Sensor and Control Network,” Prentice Hall, 2009, 288 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="794067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:0137134851, Safari Book" xmpDM:startTime="794067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sample Zigbee Products Element Classic by Sengled - A19 Soft White 2700K Smart LED Bulb (Hub Required), Works with Alexa," xmpDM:startTime="874067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Google Assistant, Echo Plus &amp; SmartThings - 1 Pack Samsung SmartThings Smart Home Hub Bosch Pro-Grade ZigBee Wireless Motion Detector" xmpDM:startTime="874067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISW-ZPR1-WP13 - Requires Samsung SmartThings Hub Samsung F-OUT-US-2 SmartThings Outlet, White Visonic MCT-340 E Wireless Door Window Temperature Sensor 2.4ghz" xmpDM:startTime="874067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZigBee - Now Works Natively with Samsung SmartThings Hub Kwikset SmartCode 910 Zigbee Contemporary Style Deadbolt with Home Connect, Polished" xmpDM:startTime="874067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Chrome (99100-058) Lock (Kwikset) Light Bulb (Sengled) Hub (Samsung) Motion Detector (Bosch) Outlet (Samsung) Temperature Sensor (Visonic)" xmpDM:startTime="874067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Address Assignment Each node gets a unique 16-bit address Two Schemes: Distributed and Stochastic Distributed Scheme: Good for tree" xmpDM:startTime="904500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="structure Each child is allocated a sub-range of addresses." xmpDM:startTime="904500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Need to limit maximum depth L, Maximum number of children per parent C, and Maximum number of routers R Address" xmpDM:startTime="904500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of the nth child is parent+(n-1)S(d) Double Bracket: TexPoint Display" xmpDM:startTime="904500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sample Zigbee Products Element Classic by Sengled - A19 Soft White 2700K Smart LED Bulb (Hub Required), Works with Alexa," xmpDM:startTime="996400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Google Assistant, Echo Plus &amp; SmartThings - 1 Pack Samsung SmartThings Smart Home Hub Bosch Pro-Grade ZigBee Wireless Motion Detector" xmpDM:startTime="996400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISW-ZPR1-WP13 - Requires Samsung SmartThings Hub Samsung F-OUT-US-2 SmartThings Outlet, White Visonic MCT-340 E Wireless Door Window Temperature Sensor 2.4ghz" xmpDM:startTime="996400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZigBee - Now Works Natively with Samsung SmartThings Hub Kwikset SmartCode 910 Zigbee Contemporary Style Deadbolt with Home Connect, Polished" xmpDM:startTime="996400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Chrome (99100-058) Lock (Kwikset) Light Bulb (Sengled) Hub (Samsung) Motion Detector (Bosch) Outlet (Samsung) Temperature Sensor (Visonic)" xmpDM:startTime="996400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Profiles Smart Energy: Electrical, Gas, Water Meter reading Commercial Building Automation: Smoke Detectors, lights, … Home Automation: Remote" xmpDM:startTime="996633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="control lighting, heating, doors, … Personal, Home, and Hospital Care (PHHC): Monitor blood pressure, heart rate, … Telecom Applications: Mobile" xmpDM:startTime="996633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="phones Remote Control for Consumer Electronics: In collaboration with Radio Frequency for Consumer Electronics (RF4CE) alliance Industrial Process Monitoring and" xmpDM:startTime="996633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Control: temperature, pressure, position (RFID), … Many others Ref: A." xmpDM:startTime="996633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Elahi and A." xmpDM:startTime="996633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Gschwender, “Zigbee Wireless Sensor and Control Network,” Prentice Hall, 2009, 288 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="996633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:0137134851, Safari Book" xmpDM:startTime="996633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont) Clusters: A collection of attributes and commands on them." xmpDM:startTime="996900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each cluster is represented by a 16-bit ID." xmpDM:startTime="996900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Commands could be read/write requests or read/write responses Cluster Library: A collection of clusters." xmpDM:startTime="996900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee forum has defined a number of cluster libraries, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="996900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="General cluster library contains on/off, level control, alarms, etc." xmpDM:startTime="996900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Binding: Process of establishing a logical relationship (parent, child, ..)" xmpDM:startTime="996900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZDO: Uses device and service discovery commands to discover details about other devices." xmpDM:startTime="996900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses binding commands to bind and unbind end points." xmpDM:startTime="996900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses network management commands for network discover, route discovery, link quality indication, join/leave requests" xmpDM:startTime="996900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="997133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="997133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="997133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="997133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="997133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="997133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont) Application Objects: e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="997367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Remote control application." xmpDM:startTime="997367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Also referred to as End-Point (EP)." xmpDM:startTime="997367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-Node: End device." xmpDM:startTime="997367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each node can have up to 250 application objects." xmpDM:startTime="997367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Object (ZDO): Control and management of application objects." xmpDM:startTime="997367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initializes coordinator, security service, device and service discovery Application Support Layer (APS): Serves application objects." xmpDM:startTime="997367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Layer: Route Discovery, neighbor discovery ZDO Management Security Service Switch Light EP1 EP6" xmpDM:startTime="997367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture App Object App Object ZDO Public Interface Zigbee Device Object (ZDO) Application Support Sublayer (APS) ZDO Management" xmpDM:startTime="998033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Security Service Network Layer Media Access Control (MAC) Physical Layer App Object Application Framework" xmpDM:startTime="998033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Topologies Star E E E E R C E E E E R E E E C E E" xmpDM:startTime="998133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tree Cluster Tree C C R E Coordinator Router End-Device R E E R E E Mesh E E E" xmpDM:startTime="998133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="E E E E R C R R Self-Healing" xmpDM:startTime="998133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Types Coordinator: Selects channel, starts the network, assigns short addresses to other nodes, transfers packets to/from other nodes" xmpDM:startTime="998533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Router: Transfers packets to/from other nodes Full-Function Device: Capable of being coordinator or router Reduced-Function Device: Not capable of being" xmpDM:startTime="998533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="a coordinator or a router Þ Leaf node Zigbee Trust Center (ZTC): Provides security keys and authentication Zigbee Gateway: Connects" xmpDM:startTime="998533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to other networks, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="998533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiFi" xmpDM:startTime="998533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Topologies Star E E E E R C E E E E R E E E C E E" xmpDM:startTime="999133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tree Cluster Tree C C R E Coordinator Router End-Device R E E R E E Mesh E E E" xmpDM:startTime="999133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="E E E E R C R R Self-Healing" xmpDM:startTime="999133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture App Object App Object ZDO Public Interface Zigbee Device Object (ZDO) Application Support Sublayer (APS) ZDO Management" xmpDM:startTime="1016400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Security Service Network Layer Media Access Control (MAC) Physical Layer App Object Application Framework" xmpDM:startTime="1016400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont) Application Objects: e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1017000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Remote control application." xmpDM:startTime="1017000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Also referred to as End-Point (EP)." xmpDM:startTime="1017000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-Node: End device." xmpDM:startTime="1017000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each node can have up to 250 application objects." xmpDM:startTime="1017000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Object (ZDO): Control and management of application objects." xmpDM:startTime="1017000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initializes coordinator, security service, device and service discovery Application Support Layer (APS): Serves application objects." xmpDM:startTime="1017000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Layer: Route Discovery, neighbor discovery ZDO Management Security Service Switch Light EP1 EP6" xmpDM:startTime="1017000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer Application layer consists of application objects (aka end points) and Zigbee device objects (ZDOs) 256 End Point" xmpDM:startTime="1017567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addresses: 240 application objects: Address EP1 through EP240 ZDO is EP0 End Points 241-254 are reserved EP255 is broadcast Each" xmpDM:startTime="1017567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End Point has one application profile, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1017567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="light on/off profile Zigbee forum has defined a number of profiles." xmpDM:startTime="1017567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users can develop other profiles Attributes: Each profile requires a number of data items." xmpDM:startTime="1017567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each data item is called an “attribute” and is assigned an 16-bit “attribute ID” by Zigbee forum" xmpDM:startTime="1017567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont) Clusters: A collection of attributes and commands on them." xmpDM:startTime="1017900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each cluster is represented by a 16-bit ID." xmpDM:startTime="1017900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Commands could be read/write requests or read/write responses Cluster Library: A collection of clusters." xmpDM:startTime="1017900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee forum has defined a number of cluster libraries, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1017900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="General cluster library contains on/off, level control, alarms, etc." xmpDM:startTime="1017900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Binding: Process of establishing a logical relationship (parent, child, ..)" xmpDM:startTime="1017900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZDO: Uses device and service discovery commands to discover details about other devices." xmpDM:startTime="1017900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses binding commands to bind and unbind end points." xmpDM:startTime="1017900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Uses network management commands for network discover, route discovery, link quality indication, join/leave requests" xmpDM:startTime="1017900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Profiles Smart Energy: Electrical, Gas, Water Meter reading Commercial Building Automation: Smoke Detectors, lights, … Home Automation: Remote" xmpDM:startTime="1018033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="control lighting, heating, doors, … Personal, Home, and Hospital Care (PHHC): Monitor blood pressure, heart rate, … Telecom Applications: Mobile" xmpDM:startTime="1018033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="phones Remote Control for Consumer Electronics: In collaboration with Radio Frequency for Consumer Electronics (RF4CE) alliance Industrial Process Monitoring and" xmpDM:startTime="1018033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Control: temperature, pressure, position (RFID), … Many others Ref: A." xmpDM:startTime="1018033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Elahi and A." xmpDM:startTime="1018033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Gschwender, “Zigbee Wireless Sensor and Control Network,” Prentice Hall, 2009, 288 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="1018033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:0137134851, Safari Book" xmpDM:startTime="1018033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sample Zigbee Products Element Classic by Sengled - A19 Soft White 2700K Smart LED Bulb (Hub Required), Works with Alexa," xmpDM:startTime="1018500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Google Assistant, Echo Plus &amp; SmartThings - 1 Pack Samsung SmartThings Smart Home Hub Bosch Pro-Grade ZigBee Wireless Motion Detector" xmpDM:startTime="1018500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISW-ZPR1-WP13 - Requires Samsung SmartThings Hub Samsung F-OUT-US-2 SmartThings Outlet, White Visonic MCT-340 E Wireless Door Window Temperature Sensor 2.4ghz" xmpDM:startTime="1018500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ZigBee - Now Works Natively with Samsung SmartThings Hub Kwikset SmartCode 910 Zigbee Contemporary Style Deadbolt with Home Connect, Polished" xmpDM:startTime="1018500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Chrome (99100-058) Lock (Kwikset) Light Bulb (Sengled) Hub (Samsung) Motion Detector (Bosch) Outlet (Samsung) Temperature Sensor (Visonic)" xmpDM:startTime="1018500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Address Assignment Each node gets a unique 16-bit address Two Schemes: Distributed and Stochastic Distributed Scheme: Good for tree" xmpDM:startTime="1018767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="structure Each child is allocated a sub-range of addresses." xmpDM:startTime="1018767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Need to limit maximum depth L, Maximum number of children per parent C, and Maximum number of routers R Address" xmpDM:startTime="1018767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of the nth child is parent+(n-1)S(d) Double Bracket: TexPoint Display" xmpDM:startTime="1018767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Distributed Scheme Example Max depth L=2, Routers R=4, Children C=3 Coordinator: d=0." xmpDM:startTime="1048400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Skip TP_tmp d=0 S(0)=4 d=1 S(1)=1 d=2 C R1 R2 R3 R4 L L L L L L L L" xmpDM:startTime="1048400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="10 11 15 19 23 12 13 16 17 20 21 25 26" xmpDM:startTime="1048400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Distributed Scheme Example (Cont) Assume the address of coordinator is 10 (decimal) Address of R1 = 10+1 = 11 Address" xmpDM:startTime="1136033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of R2 = 10+1+S(0) = 11+4=15 Address of R3 = 10+1+2*S(0) = 11+8 = 19 Address of R3 = 10+1+3*S(0)" xmpDM:startTime="1136033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 11+12 =23 Routers R1-R4 compute S(1): Children of R1 are assigned 12 and 13 Children of R2 are assigned" xmpDM:startTime="1136033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="16 and 17 TP_tmp C 10 R4 L L 23 25 26 L 24 R4 L L 19 21 22" xmpDM:startTime="1136033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L 20 R4 L L 15 17 18 L 16 R4 L L 11 13 14 L 12" xmpDM:startTime="1136033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stochastic Address Assignment Parent draws a 16 bit random number between 0 and 216-1 and assigns it to a new" xmpDM:startTime="1255733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="child." xmpDM:startTime="1255733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A new number is drawn if the result is all-zero (null) or all-one (broadcast)." xmpDM:startTime="1255733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="So the assigned address is between 1 and 216-2." xmpDM:startTime="1255733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Parent then advertises the number to the network If another node has that address an address conflict message is returned" xmpDM:startTime="1255733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and the parent draws another number and repeats There is no need to pre-limit # of children or depth" xmpDM:startTime="1255733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Distributed Scheme Example (Cont) Assume the address of coordinator is 10 (decimal) Address of R1 = 10+1 = 11 Address" xmpDM:startTime="1262733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of R2 = 10+1+S(0) = 11+4=15 Address of R3 = 10+1+2*S(0) = 11+8 = 19 Address of R3 = 10+1+3*S(0)" xmpDM:startTime="1262733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 11+12 =23 Routers R1-R4 compute S(1): Children of R1 are assigned 12 and 13 Children of R2 are assigned" xmpDM:startTime="1262733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="16 and 17 TP_tmp C 10 R4 L L 23 25 26 L 24 R4 L L 19 21 22" xmpDM:startTime="1262733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L 20 R4 L L 15 17 18 L 16 R4 L L 11 13 14 L 12" xmpDM:startTime="1262733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stochastic Address Assignment Parent draws a 16 bit random number between 0 and 216-1 and assigns it to a new" xmpDM:startTime="1273267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="child." xmpDM:startTime="1273267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A new number is drawn if the result is all-zero (null) or all-one (broadcast)." xmpDM:startTime="1273267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="So the assigned address is between 1 and 216-2." xmpDM:startTime="1273267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Parent then advertises the number to the network If another node has that address an address conflict message is returned" xmpDM:startTime="1273267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and the parent draws another number and repeats There is no need to pre-limit # of children or depth" xmpDM:startTime="1273267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Routing Ad-Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) Tree Hierarchical Routing Many-to-one routing" xmpDM:startTime="1340900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing On-demand  Reactive  Construct a route when needed Avoids unnecessary computations if no" xmpDM:startTime="1373167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="traffic Source broadcasts Route-Request (RREQ) command to all its neighbors containing source, destination, broadcast ID Each node determines if this" xmpDM:startTime="1373167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="is a new request or if this copy has a lower cost." xmpDM:startTime="1373167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If yes, it makes a “reverse route” entry for the source in its table w previous node as the optimal" xmpDM:startTime="1373167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="reverse path." xmpDM:startTime="1373167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="The node then checks if it has a route to the destination." xmpDM:startTime="1373167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If yes, it sends “route-reply” to the source." xmpDM:startTime="1373167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Otherwise, it forwards the request to all its neighbors except where it came from." xmpDM:startTime="1373167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="When the source receives a “route-reply” it selects the lowest cost path and sends the packet If a node cannot" xmpDM:startTime="1373167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="forward the packet, it sends a “Route Error” back to the source which will re-initate route discovery." xmpDM:startTime="1373167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1373167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing Routing Table: Path is not stored." xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Only next hop." xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Entry = &lt;destination, next node, &quot;sequence #&quot; (timestamp)&gt; Route Discovery: Flood a route request (RREQ) to all neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Neighbors broadcast to their neighbors Request ID is the RREQ serial number." xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Used to discard duplicates." xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Source sequence # is a clock counter incremented when RREQ is sent." xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Destination sequence # is the most recent sequence from the destination that the source has seen." xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zero if unknown." xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Src Addr Req ID Dest Addr Src Seq # Dest Seq # Hop Count Ref: K." xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Garg, &quot;Mobile Computing: Theory and Practice,&quot; Pearson, 2010, ISBN: 81-3173-166-9, 232 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Safari Book." xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1568200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing On-demand  Reactive  Construct a route when needed Avoids unnecessary computations if no" xmpDM:startTime="1569400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="traffic Source broadcasts Route-Request (RREQ) command to all its neighbors containing source, destination, broadcast ID Each node determines if this" xmpDM:startTime="1569400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="is a new request or if this copy has a lower cost." xmpDM:startTime="1569400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If yes, it makes a “reverse route” entry for the source in its table w previous node as the optimal" xmpDM:startTime="1569400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="reverse path." xmpDM:startTime="1569400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="The node then checks if it has a route to the destination." xmpDM:startTime="1569400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If yes, it sends “route-reply” to the source." xmpDM:startTime="1569400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Otherwise, it forwards the request to all its neighbors except where it came from." xmpDM:startTime="1569400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="When the source receives a “route-reply” it selects the lowest cost path and sends the packet If a node cannot" xmpDM:startTime="1569400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="forward the packet, it sends a “Route Error” back to the source which will re-initate route discovery." xmpDM:startTime="1569400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1569400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing Routing Table: Path is not stored." xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Only next hop." xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Entry = &lt;destination, next node, &quot;sequence #&quot; (timestamp)&gt; Route Discovery: Flood a route request (RREQ) to all neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Neighbors broadcast to their neighbors Request ID is the RREQ serial number." xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Used to discard duplicates." xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Source sequence # is a clock counter incremented when RREQ is sent." xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Destination sequence # is the most recent sequence from the destination that the source has seen." xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zero if unknown." xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Src Addr Req ID Dest Addr Src Seq # Dest Seq # Hop Count Ref: K." xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Garg, &quot;Mobile Computing: Theory and Practice,&quot; Pearson, 2010, ISBN: 81-3173-166-9, 232 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Safari Book." xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1570433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Ad-hoc On-demand Distance Vector Routing On-demand  Reactive  Construct a route when needed Avoids unnecessary computations if no" xmpDM:startTime="1577233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="traffic Source broadcasts Route-Request (RREQ) command to all its neighbors containing source, destination, broadcast ID Each node determines if this" xmpDM:startTime="1577233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="is a new request or if this copy has a lower cost." xmpDM:startTime="1577233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If yes, it makes a “reverse route” entry for the source in its table w previous node as the optimal" xmpDM:startTime="1577233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="reverse path." xmpDM:startTime="1577233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="The node then checks if it has a route to the destination." xmpDM:startTime="1577233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If yes, it sends “route-reply” to the source." xmpDM:startTime="1577233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Otherwise, it forwards the request to all its neighbors except where it came from." xmpDM:startTime="1577233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="When the source receives a “route-reply” it selects the lowest cost path and sends the packet If a node cannot" xmpDM:startTime="1577233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="forward the packet, it sends a “Route Error” back to the source which will re-initate route discovery." xmpDM:startTime="1577233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1577233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing Routing Table: Path is not stored." xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Only next hop." xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Entry = &lt;destination, next node, &quot;sequence #&quot; (timestamp)&gt; Route Discovery: Flood a route request (RREQ) to all neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Neighbors broadcast to their neighbors Request ID is the RREQ serial number." xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Used to discard duplicates." xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Source sequence # is a clock counter incremented when RREQ is sent." xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Destination sequence # is the most recent sequence from the destination that the source has seen." xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zero if unknown." xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Src Addr Req ID Dest Addr Src Seq # Dest Seq # Hop Count Ref: K." xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Garg, &quot;Mobile Computing: Theory and Practice,&quot; Pearson, 2010, ISBN: 81-3173-166-9, 232 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Safari Book." xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1809200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont) Intermediate nodes can reply to RREQ only if they have a route to destination with higher destination" xmpDM:startTime="1989967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence # Route reply (RREP) comes back “unicast” on the reverse path Destination Sequence # is from Destination’s counter Lifetime" xmpDM:startTime="1989967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="indicates how long the route is valid Intermediate nodes record node from both RREP and RREQ if it has a" xmpDM:startTime="1989967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="lower cost path  the reverse path Backward route to Destination is recorded if sequence number is higher or if" xmpDM:startTime="1989967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence number is same and hops are lower Old entries are timed out AODV supports only symmetric links Src Addr" xmpDM:startTime="1989967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dest Addr Dest Seq # Hop Count Life Time" xmpDM:startTime="1989967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing Routing Table: Path is not stored." xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Only next hop." xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Entry = &lt;destination, next node, &quot;sequence #&quot; (timestamp)&gt; Route Discovery: Flood a route request (RREQ) to all neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Neighbors broadcast to their neighbors Request ID is the RREQ serial number." xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Used to discard duplicates." xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Source sequence # is a clock counter incremented when RREQ is sent." xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Destination sequence # is the most recent sequence from the destination that the source has seen." xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zero if unknown." xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Src Addr Req ID Dest Addr Src Seq # Dest Seq # Hop Count Ref: K." xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Garg, &quot;Mobile Computing: Theory and Practice,&quot; Pearson, 2010, ISBN: 81-3173-166-9, 232 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Safari Book." xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2021433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont) Intermediate nodes can reply to RREQ only if they have a route to destination with higher destination" xmpDM:startTime="2026500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence # Route reply (RREP) comes back “unicast” on the reverse path Destination Sequence # is from Destination’s counter Lifetime" xmpDM:startTime="2026500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="indicates how long the route is valid Intermediate nodes record node from both RREP and RREQ if it has a" xmpDM:startTime="2026500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="lower cost path  the reverse path Backward route to Destination is recorded if sequence number is higher or if" xmpDM:startTime="2026500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence number is same and hops are lower Old entries are timed out AODV supports only symmetric links Src Addr" xmpDM:startTime="2026500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dest Addr Dest Seq # Hop Count Life Time" xmpDM:startTime="2026500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="2097933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="2097933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="2097933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="2097933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont) Intermediate nodes can reply to RREQ only if they have a route to destination with higher destination" xmpDM:startTime="2098767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence # Route reply (RREP) comes back “unicast” on the reverse path Destination Sequence # is from Destination’s counter Lifetime" xmpDM:startTime="2098767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="indicates how long the route is valid Intermediate nodes record node from both RREP and RREQ if it has a" xmpDM:startTime="2098767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="lower cost path  the reverse path Backward route to Destination is recorded if sequence number is higher or if" xmpDM:startTime="2098767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence number is same and hops are lower Old entries are timed out AODV supports only symmetric links Src Addr" xmpDM:startTime="2098767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dest Addr Dest Seq # Hop Count Life Time" xmpDM:startTime="2098767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="2238867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="2238867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="2238867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="2238867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont) Intermediate nodes can reply to RREQ only if they have a route to destination with higher destination" xmpDM:startTime="2240067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence # Route reply (RREP) comes back “unicast” on the reverse path Destination Sequence # is from Destination’s counter Lifetime" xmpDM:startTime="2240067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="indicates how long the route is valid Intermediate nodes record node from both RREP and RREQ if it has a" xmpDM:startTime="2240067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="lower cost path  the reverse path Backward route to Destination is recorded if sequence number is higher or if" xmpDM:startTime="2240067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence number is same and hops are lower Old entries are timed out AODV supports only symmetric links Src Addr" xmpDM:startTime="2240067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dest Addr Dest Seq # Hop Count Life Time" xmpDM:startTime="2240067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="2252167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="2252167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="2252167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="2252167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2437867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="2953433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="2953433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="2953433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="2953433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2982000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="2997400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="2997400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="2997400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="2997400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3000900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="3003533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="3003533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="3003533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="3003533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3038167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="3282700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="3282700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="3282700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="3282700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="3282700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example D and E are members." xmpDM:startTime="3284367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="B and C are not." xmpDM:startTime="3284367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A concludes that the paths are ABD and ACE A B C D E RREQ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="3284367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV Each node keeps a list of active neighbors (replied to a hello within a timeout) If" xmpDM:startTime="3286600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="a link in a routing table breaks, all active neighbors are informed by “Route Error (RERR)” messages RERR is also" xmpDM:startTime="3286600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sent if a packet transmission fails RERR contains the destination sequence # that failed When a source receives an RERR," xmpDM:startTime="3286600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="it starts route discovery with that sequence number." xmpDM:startTime="3286600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Disadvantage: Intermediate nodes may send more up-to-date but still stale routes." xmpDM:startTime="3286600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: RFC 3561, July 2003" xmpDM:startTime="3286600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) On-Demand (reactive) routing using &quot;Source Route“ Source Route = List of routers along the path in" xmpDM:startTime="3287200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the packet." xmpDM:startTime="3287200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Routing database: Complete route to recent destinations Each entry has an expiration period and is timed out If a route" xmpDM:startTime="3287200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="is not available, send &quot;route request&quot; to all neighbors Each neighbor adds itself to the route in the request and" xmpDM:startTime="3287200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="forward to all its neighbors (only first receipt)." xmpDM:startTime="3287200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Does not change source address." xmpDM:startTime="3287200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If a node knows the route it appends the rest of the route and returns the &quot;route reply (RREP)“ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="3287200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="goes back along the recorded path All nodes record paths in RREP and RREQ." xmpDM:startTime="3287200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multiple routes cached." xmpDM:startTime="3287200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Src Addr Req ID Dest Addr Route Record Broadcast 255...255" xmpDM:startTime="3287200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="RREQ" xmpDM:startTime="3287200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR: Example Node 1 sends RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10” Nodes 2 send" xmpDM:startTime="3287733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="RREQ to 5, 7." xmpDM:startTime="3287733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Note: RREQ not sent to 1." xmpDM:startTime="3287733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 3 sends RREQ to 5 Node 4 sends RREQ to 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8" xmpDM:startTime="3287733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="9 10" xmpDM:startTime="3287733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) On-Demand (reactive) routing using &quot;Source Route“ Source Route = List of routers along the path in" xmpDM:startTime="3288733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the packet." xmpDM:startTime="3288733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Routing database: Complete route to recent destinations Each entry has an expiration period and is timed out If a route" xmpDM:startTime="3288733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="is not available, send &quot;route request&quot; to all neighbors Each neighbor adds itself to the route in the request and" xmpDM:startTime="3288733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="forward to all its neighbors (only first receipt)." xmpDM:startTime="3288733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Does not change source address." xmpDM:startTime="3288733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If a node knows the route it appends the rest of the route and returns the &quot;route reply (RREP)“ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="3288733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="goes back along the recorded path All nodes record paths in RREP and RREQ." xmpDM:startTime="3288733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multiple routes cached." xmpDM:startTime="3288733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Src Addr Req ID Dest Addr Route Record Broadcast 255...255" xmpDM:startTime="3288733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="RREQ" xmpDM:startTime="3288733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV Each node keeps a list of active neighbors (replied to a hello within a timeout) If" xmpDM:startTime="3290633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="a link in a routing table breaks, all active neighbors are informed by “Route Error (RERR)” messages RERR is also" xmpDM:startTime="3290633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sent if a packet transmission fails RERR contains the destination sequence # that failed When a source receives an RERR," xmpDM:startTime="3290633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="it starts route discovery with that sequence number." xmpDM:startTime="3290633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Disadvantage: Intermediate nodes may send more up-to-date but still stale routes." xmpDM:startTime="3290633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: RFC 3561, July 2003" xmpDM:startTime="3290633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example D and E are members." xmpDM:startTime="3291133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="B and C are not." xmpDM:startTime="3291133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A concludes that the paths are ABD and ACE A B C D E RREQ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="3291133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="3292067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="3292067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="3292067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="3292067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="3292067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3292800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="3294633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="3294633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="3294633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="3294633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont) Intermediate nodes can reply to RREQ only if they have a route to destination with higher destination" xmpDM:startTime="3297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence # Route reply (RREP) comes back “unicast” on the reverse path Destination Sequence # is from Destination’s counter Lifetime" xmpDM:startTime="3297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="indicates how long the route is valid Intermediate nodes record node from both RREP and RREQ if it has a" xmpDM:startTime="3297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="lower cost path  the reverse path Backward route to Destination is recorded if sequence number is higher or if" xmpDM:startTime="3297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence number is same and hops are lower Old entries are timed out AODV supports only symmetric links Src Addr" xmpDM:startTime="3297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dest Addr Dest Seq # Hop Count Life Time" xmpDM:startTime="3297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing Routing Table: Path is not stored." xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Only next hop." xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Entry = &lt;destination, next node, &quot;sequence #&quot; (timestamp)&gt; Route Discovery: Flood a route request (RREQ) to all neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Neighbors broadcast to their neighbors Request ID is the RREQ serial number." xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Used to discard duplicates." xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Source sequence # is a clock counter incremented when RREQ is sent." xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Destination sequence # is the most recent sequence from the destination that the source has seen." xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zero if unknown." xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Src Addr Req ID Dest Addr Src Seq # Dest Seq # Hop Count Ref: K." xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Garg, &quot;Mobile Computing: Theory and Practice,&quot; Pearson, 2010, ISBN: 81-3173-166-9, 232 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Safari Book." xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont) Intermediate nodes can reply to RREQ only if they have a route to destination with higher destination" xmpDM:startTime="3306467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence # Route reply (RREP) comes back “unicast” on the reverse path Destination Sequence # is from Destination’s counter Lifetime" xmpDM:startTime="3306467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="indicates how long the route is valid Intermediate nodes record node from both RREP and RREQ if it has a" xmpDM:startTime="3306467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="lower cost path  the reverse path Backward route to Destination is recorded if sequence number is higher or if" xmpDM:startTime="3306467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence number is same and hops are lower Old entries are timed out AODV supports only symmetric links Src Addr" xmpDM:startTime="3306467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dest Addr Dest Seq # Hop Count Life Time" xmpDM:startTime="3306467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="3308433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="3308433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="3308433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="3308433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3326467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="3451967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="3451967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="3451967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="3451967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="3451967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3454367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="3470233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="3470233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="3470233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="3470233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="3470233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example D and E are members." xmpDM:startTime="3563867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="B and C are not." xmpDM:startTime="3563867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A concludes that the paths are ABD and ACE A B C D E RREQ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="3563867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="3768233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="3768233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="3768233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="3768233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="3768233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3768700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="3769200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="3769200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="3769200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="3769200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont) Intermediate nodes can reply to RREQ only if they have a route to destination with higher destination" xmpDM:startTime="3770567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence # Route reply (RREP) comes back “unicast” on the reverse path Destination Sequence # is from Destination’s counter Lifetime" xmpDM:startTime="3770567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="indicates how long the route is valid Intermediate nodes record node from both RREP and RREQ if it has a" xmpDM:startTime="3770567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="lower cost path  the reverse path Backward route to Destination is recorded if sequence number is higher or if" xmpDM:startTime="3770567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sequence number is same and hops are lower Old entries are timed out AODV supports only symmetric links Src Addr" xmpDM:startTime="3770567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dest Addr Dest Seq # Hop Count Life Time" xmpDM:startTime="3770567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="3771133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="3771133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="3771133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="3771133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3786667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="3787333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="3787333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="3787333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="3787333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="3787333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example D and E are members." xmpDM:startTime="3787767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="B and C are not." xmpDM:startTime="3787767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A concludes that the paths are ABD and ACE A B C D E RREQ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="3787767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="3866233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="3866233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="3866233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="3866233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="3866233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3866367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="3866467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="3866467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="3866467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="3866467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3867033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="3870367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="3870367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="3870367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="3870367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="3870367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example D and E are members." xmpDM:startTime="3870900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="B and C are not." xmpDM:startTime="3870900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A concludes that the paths are ABD and ACE A B C D E RREQ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="3870900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV Each node keeps a list of active neighbors (replied to a hello within a timeout) If" xmpDM:startTime="3953467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="a link in a routing table breaks, all active neighbors are informed by “Route Error (RERR)” messages RERR is also" xmpDM:startTime="3953467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sent if a packet transmission fails RERR contains the destination sequence # that failed When a source receives an RERR," xmpDM:startTime="3953467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="it starts route discovery with that sequence number." xmpDM:startTime="3953467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Disadvantage: Intermediate nodes may send more up-to-date but still stale routes." xmpDM:startTime="3953467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: RFC 3561, July 2003" xmpDM:startTime="3953467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example D and E are members." xmpDM:startTime="4074000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="B and C are not." xmpDM:startTime="4074000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A concludes that the paths are ABD and ACE A B C D E RREQ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="4074000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="4074267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="4074267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="4074267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="4074267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="4074267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4075067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="4075833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="4075833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="4075833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="4075833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4156933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="4157233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="4157233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="4157233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="4157233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="4157233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example D and E are members." xmpDM:startTime="4157767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="B and C are not." xmpDM:startTime="4157767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A concludes that the paths are ABD and ACE A B C D E RREQ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="4157767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV Each node keeps a list of active neighbors (replied to a hello within a timeout) If" xmpDM:startTime="4158300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="a link in a routing table breaks, all active neighbors are informed by “Route Error (RERR)” messages RERR is also" xmpDM:startTime="4158300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sent if a packet transmission fails RERR contains the destination sequence # that failed When a source receives an RERR," xmpDM:startTime="4158300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="it starts route discovery with that sequence number." xmpDM:startTime="4158300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Disadvantage: Intermediate nodes may send more up-to-date but still stale routes." xmpDM:startTime="4158300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: RFC 3561, July 2003" xmpDM:startTime="4158300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example D and E are members." xmpDM:startTime="4253533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="B and C are not." xmpDM:startTime="4253533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A concludes that the paths are ABD and ACE A B C D E RREQ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="4253533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="4254067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="4254067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="4254067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="4254067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="4254067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4254167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example Node 1 broadcasts RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10 fresher than" xmpDM:startTime="4254533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1." xmpDM:startTime="4254533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This is my broadcast #1&quot; Node 2 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5, 7 Node 3 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 5" xmpDM:startTime="4254533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 4 broadcasts RREQ to 1, 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="4254533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4255300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="4256367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="4256367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="4256367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="4256367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="4256367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4256800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="4261500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="4261500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="4261500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="4261500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="4261500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4262133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery Similar to unicast route discovery If a node receives an RREQ but is not a member of" xmpDM:startTime="4286633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the group or does not have the route to any member of the group, it creates a reverse-route entry and" xmpDM:startTime="4286633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="broadcasts the request to other neighbors If the node is a member of the group, it sends a RREP message" xmpDM:startTime="4286633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to the source and forwards to other neighbors." xmpDM:startTime="4286633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes make a note of this and set up a forward path" xmpDM:startTime="4286633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example D and E are members." xmpDM:startTime="4287300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="B and C are not." xmpDM:startTime="4287300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A concludes that the paths are ABD and ACE A B C D E RREQ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="4287300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV Each node keeps a list of active neighbors (replied to a hello within a timeout) If" xmpDM:startTime="4287800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="a link in a routing table breaks, all active neighbors are informed by “Route Error (RERR)” messages RERR is also" xmpDM:startTime="4287800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sent if a packet transmission fails RERR contains the destination sequence # that failed When a source receives an RERR," xmpDM:startTime="4287800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="it starts route discovery with that sequence number." xmpDM:startTime="4287800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Disadvantage: Intermediate nodes may send more up-to-date but still stale routes." xmpDM:startTime="4287800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: RFC 3561, July 2003" xmpDM:startTime="4287800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) On-Demand (reactive) routing using &quot;Source Route“ Source Route = List of routers along the path in" xmpDM:startTime="4288333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the packet." xmpDM:startTime="4288333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Routing database: Complete route to recent destinations Each entry has an expiration period and is timed out If a route" xmpDM:startTime="4288333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="is not available, send &quot;route request&quot; to all neighbors Each neighbor adds itself to the route in the request and" xmpDM:startTime="4288333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="forward to all its neighbors (only first receipt)." xmpDM:startTime="4288333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Does not change source address." xmpDM:startTime="4288333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If a node knows the route it appends the rest of the route and returns the &quot;route reply (RREP)“ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="4288333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="goes back along the recorded path All nodes record paths in RREP and RREQ." xmpDM:startTime="4288333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multiple routes cached." xmpDM:startTime="4288333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Src Addr Req ID Dest Addr Route Record Broadcast 255...255" xmpDM:startTime="4288333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="RREQ" xmpDM:startTime="4288333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV Each node keeps a list of active neighbors (replied to a hello within a timeout) If" xmpDM:startTime="4290833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="a link in a routing table breaks, all active neighbors are informed by “Route Error (RERR)” messages RERR is also" xmpDM:startTime="4290833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sent if a packet transmission fails RERR contains the destination sequence # that failed When a source receives an RERR," xmpDM:startTime="4290833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="it starts route discovery with that sequence number." xmpDM:startTime="4290833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Disadvantage: Intermediate nodes may send more up-to-date but still stale routes." xmpDM:startTime="4290833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: RFC 3561, July 2003" xmpDM:startTime="4290833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example D and E are members." xmpDM:startTime="4294367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="B and C are not." xmpDM:startTime="4294367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A concludes that the paths are ABD and ACE A B C D E RREQ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="4294367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV Each node keeps a list of active neighbors (replied to a hello within a timeout) If" xmpDM:startTime="4295033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="a link in a routing table breaks, all active neighbors are informed by “Route Error (RERR)” messages RERR is also" xmpDM:startTime="4295033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sent if a packet transmission fails RERR contains the destination sequence # that failed When a source receives an RERR," xmpDM:startTime="4295033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="it starts route discovery with that sequence number." xmpDM:startTime="4295033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Disadvantage: Intermediate nodes may send more up-to-date but still stale routes." xmpDM:startTime="4295033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: RFC 3561, July 2003" xmpDM:startTime="4295033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) On-Demand (reactive) routing using &quot;Source Route“ Source Route = List of routers along the path in" xmpDM:startTime="4295100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the packet." xmpDM:startTime="4295100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Routing database: Complete route to recent destinations Each entry has an expiration period and is timed out If a route" xmpDM:startTime="4295100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="is not available, send &quot;route request&quot; to all neighbors Each neighbor adds itself to the route in the request and" xmpDM:startTime="4295100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="forward to all its neighbors (only first receipt)." xmpDM:startTime="4295100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Does not change source address." xmpDM:startTime="4295100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If a node knows the route it appends the rest of the route and returns the &quot;route reply (RREP)“ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="4295100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="goes back along the recorded path All nodes record paths in RREP and RREQ." xmpDM:startTime="4295100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multiple routes cached." xmpDM:startTime="4295100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Src Addr Req ID Dest Addr Route Record Broadcast 255...255" xmpDM:startTime="4295100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="RREQ" xmpDM:startTime="4295100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR: Example Node 1 sends RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10” Nodes 2 send" xmpDM:startTime="4295200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="RREQ to 5, 7." xmpDM:startTime="4295200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Note: RREQ not sent to 1." xmpDM:startTime="4295200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 3 sends RREQ to 5 Node 4 sends RREQ to 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8" xmpDM:startTime="4295200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="9 10" xmpDM:startTime="4295200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4295300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in DSR If a transmission fails, route error (RERR) is sent to the source." xmpDM:startTime="4295733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="It contains hosts at both ends of the link." xmpDM:startTime="4295733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes remove or truncate all routes with that link." xmpDM:startTime="4295733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Source may re-initate the route discovery." xmpDM:startTime="4295733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Caching multiple routes results in a faster recovery but the routes may be stale resulting in cache poisoning at other" xmpDM:startTime="4295733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="nodes." xmpDM:startTime="4295733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Not suitable for high-mobility environments." xmpDM:startTime="4295733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Source-route overhead in each packet." xmpDM:startTime="4295733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: RFC 4728, February 2007" xmpDM:startTime="4295733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV vs." xmpDM:startTime="4295767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR In DSR a single RREQ can result in routes to several destination In DSR RERR messages are sent to" xmpDM:startTime="4295767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the source not broadcast Þ Many nodes are unaware of failure In DSR, route discovery is delayed until all cached" xmpDM:startTime="4295767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="entries have been tried Þ Not good for high mobility K." xmpDM:startTime="4295767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Garg, &quot;Mobile Computing: Theory and Practice,&quot; Pearson, 2010, ISBN: 81-3173-166-9, 232 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="4295767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Safari Book." xmpDM:startTime="4295767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4295767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tree Hierarchical Routing All leaf nodes send the packet to their parent Each parent checks the address to see if" xmpDM:startTime="4295967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="it is in its subrange." xmpDM:startTime="4295967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If yes, it sends to the appropriate child." xmpDM:startTime="4295967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If not, it sends to its parent Example: A12 to A30." xmpDM:startTime="4295967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A12  R1  Coordinator  R4  A30 C R1 R2 R3 R4 L L L L L L" xmpDM:startTime="4295967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L L 10 11 17 23 29 12 13 18 19 24 25 30 31" xmpDM:startTime="4295967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Many-to-One Routing Used for sensor data collection." xmpDM:startTime="4296167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="All data goes to a concentrator or a gateway Gateway has a large memory and can hold complete routes to" xmpDM:startTime="4296167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="all nodes But each node only remembers the next hop towards gateway A B C D G Gateway" xmpDM:startTime="4296167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee RF4CE Radio Frequency for Consumer Electronics (RF4CE) consortium developed a protocol for remote control using wireless (rather than infrared" xmpDM:startTime="4296300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="which requires line of sight) RF4CE merged with Zigbee and produced Zigbee RF4CE protocol Operates on channels 15, 20, and" xmpDM:startTime="4296300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="25 in 2.4" xmpDM:startTime="4296300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GHz Maximum PHY payload is 127 bytes Two types of devices: Remotes and Targets (TVs, DVD Player,…) Status Display: Remote" xmpDM:startTime="4296300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="can show the status of the target Paging: Can locate remote control using a paging button on the target Pairing:" xmpDM:startTime="4296300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A remote control works only with certain devices" xmpDM:startTime="4296300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee 2030.5" xmpDM:startTime="4296333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Formerly known as “Zigbee Smart Energy 2” Monitor, control, automate the delivery and use of energy and water Adds plug-in" xmpDM:startTime="4296333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="vehicle charging, configuration, and firmware download Developed in collaboration with other smart grid communication technologies: HomePlug, WiFi, … IP based" xmpDM:startTime="4296333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Þ Incompatible with previous Zigbee" xmpDM:startTime="4296333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee IP Uses standard IPv6 frame format." xmpDM:startTime="4296533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Þ Allows connecting sensors directly to Internet w/o gateways Uses 802.15.4" xmpDM:startTime="4296533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PHY, MAC and ZigBee 2030.5" xmpDM:startTime="4296533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IPv6 headers are compressed using 6LowPAN RPL Routing to discover topology All Internet protocols: UDP, TCP, HTTP, … can be" xmpDM:startTime="4296533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="used Multicast forwarding and Service discovery using multicast DNS (mDNS) and DNS Service Discovery (DNS-SD) Security using standard protocols: TLS" xmpDM:startTime="4296533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(Transport Layer Security), EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol), PANA (Protocol for carrying Authentication for Network Access) Not compatible with other versions" xmpDM:startTime="4296533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of Zigbee since they use a different network layer frame format Þ Need a gateway between Zigbee and Zigbee IP." xmpDM:startTime="4296533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: Zigbee Alliance, “Zigbee IP and 920IP,” https://www.zigbee.org/zigbee-for-developers/network-specifications/zigbeeip/" xmpDM:startTime="4296533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4296533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Z-Wave No relationship to Zigbee but competes with it in many applications and so often confused with it Search for" xmpDM:startTime="4296967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee devices on Amazon shows many products that support only Z-Wave not Zigbee Originally a proprietary protocol developed for remote" xmpDM:startTime="4296967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="control." xmpDM:startTime="4296967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Now used for IoT." xmpDM:startTime="4296967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Now standardized by Z-Wave Alliance Uses 915/868 MHz band Many IoT hubs support Z-Wave along with Zigbee Ref: Wikipedia, “Z-Wave,”" xmpDM:startTime="4296967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-Wave" xmpDM:startTime="4296967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: Z-Wave Alliance, https://z-wavealliance.org/" xmpDM:startTime="4296967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4296967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Summary Zigbee is an IoT protocol for sensors, industrial automation, remote control using IEEE 802.15.4" xmpDM:startTime="4297033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PHY and MAC Zigbee PRO supports stochastic addressing, many-to-one routing, fragmentation, and mesh topologies." xmpDM:startTime="4297033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A number of application profiles have been defined with control and management provided by ZDOs." xmpDM:startTime="4297033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Application Support layer provides data and command communication between application objects Network layer provides addressing and routing." xmpDM:startTime="4297033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addressing can be assigned using distributed or stochastic schemes." xmpDM:startTime="4297033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Routing is via AODV, DSR, Tree Hierarchical, or many-to-one routing." xmpDM:startTime="4297033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee RF4CE and Zigbee SEP2 are Zigbee protocols designed specifically for remote control and smart grid, respectively." xmpDM:startTime="4297033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4297033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13A C L L L L L L 20 L L L R3 R1 R2 Assuming that IEEE 802.15.4" xmpDM:startTime="4297067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="network is being planned with a maximum of 5 children per node to a depth of 2 levels and maximum" xmpDM:startTime="4297067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 routers." xmpDM:startTime="4297067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Compute sub-ranges to be assigned to each router and the addresses assigned to each node in the network assuming the" xmpDM:startTime="4297067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="coordinator has an address of 20." xmpDM:startTime="4297067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4297067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13B Write the sequence of messages that will be sent in the following network when node 2 tries to" xmpDM:startTime="4297167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="find the path to node 10 in the AODV example." xmpDM:startTime="4297167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="4297167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13C Write the sequence of messages that will be sent in the following network when node 2 tries to" xmpDM:startTime="4297300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="find the path to node 10 in the DSR example." xmpDM:startTime="4297300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="4297300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13B Write the sequence of messages that will be sent in the following network when node 2 tries to" xmpDM:startTime="4298000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="find the path to node 10 in the AODV example." xmpDM:startTime="4298000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="4298000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13A C L L L L L L 20 L L L R3 R1 R2 Assuming that IEEE 802.15.4" xmpDM:startTime="4298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="network is being planned with a maximum of 5 children per node to a depth of 2 levels and maximum" xmpDM:startTime="4298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 routers." xmpDM:startTime="4298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Compute sub-ranges to be assigned to each router and the addresses assigned to each node in the network assuming the" xmpDM:startTime="4298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="coordinator has an address of 20." xmpDM:startTime="4298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4298400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13B Write the sequence of messages that will be sent in the following network when node 2 tries to" xmpDM:startTime="4324300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="find the path to node 10 in the AODV example." xmpDM:startTime="4324300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10" xmpDM:startTime="4324300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13A C L L L L L L 20 L L L R3 R1 R2 Assuming that IEEE 802.15.4" xmpDM:startTime="4370600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="network is being planned with a maximum of 5 children per node to a depth of 2 levels and maximum" xmpDM:startTime="4370600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 routers." xmpDM:startTime="4370600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Compute sub-ranges to be assigned to each router and the addresses assigned to each node in the network assuming the" xmpDM:startTime="4370600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="coordinator has an address of 20." xmpDM:startTime="4370600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4370600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Summary Zigbee is an IoT protocol for sensors, industrial automation, remote control using IEEE 802.15.4" xmpDM:startTime="4371033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PHY and MAC Zigbee PRO supports stochastic addressing, many-to-one routing, fragmentation, and mesh topologies." xmpDM:startTime="4371033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A number of application profiles have been defined with control and management provided by ZDOs." xmpDM:startTime="4371033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Application Support layer provides data and command communication between application objects Network layer provides addressing and routing." xmpDM:startTime="4371033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Addressing can be assigned using distributed or stochastic schemes." xmpDM:startTime="4371033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Routing is via AODV, DSR, Tree Hierarchical, or many-to-one routing." xmpDM:startTime="4371033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee RF4CE and Zigbee SEP2 are Zigbee protocols designed specifically for remote control and smart grid, respectively." xmpDM:startTime="4371033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4371033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Z-Wave No relationship to Zigbee but competes with it in many applications and so often confused with it Search for" xmpDM:startTime="4371367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee devices on Amazon shows many products that support only Z-Wave not Zigbee Originally a proprietary protocol developed for remote" xmpDM:startTime="4371367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="control." xmpDM:startTime="4371367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Now used for IoT." xmpDM:startTime="4371367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Now standardized by Z-Wave Alliance Uses 915/868 MHz band Many IoT hubs support Z-Wave along with Zigbee Ref: Wikipedia, “Z-Wave,”" xmpDM:startTime="4371367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Z-Wave" xmpDM:startTime="4371367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: Z-Wave Alliance, https://z-wavealliance.org/" xmpDM:startTime="4371367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4371367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee IP Uses standard IPv6 frame format." xmpDM:startTime="4372167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Þ Allows connecting sensors directly to Internet w/o gateways Uses 802.15.4" xmpDM:startTime="4372167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PHY, MAC and ZigBee 2030.5" xmpDM:startTime="4372167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IPv6 headers are compressed using 6LowPAN RPL Routing to discover topology All Internet protocols: UDP, TCP, HTTP, … can be" xmpDM:startTime="4372167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="used Multicast forwarding and Service discovery using multicast DNS (mDNS) and DNS Service Discovery (DNS-SD) Security using standard protocols: TLS" xmpDM:startTime="4372167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(Transport Layer Security), EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol), PANA (Protocol for carrying Authentication for Network Access) Not compatible with other versions" xmpDM:startTime="4372167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of Zigbee since they use a different network layer frame format Þ Need a gateway between Zigbee and Zigbee IP." xmpDM:startTime="4372167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: Zigbee Alliance, “Zigbee IP and 920IP,” https://www.zigbee.org/zigbee-for-developers/network-specifications/zigbeeip/" xmpDM:startTime="4372167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4372167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee 2030.5" xmpDM:startTime="4372300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Formerly known as “Zigbee Smart Energy 2” Monitor, control, automate the delivery and use of energy and water Adds plug-in" xmpDM:startTime="4372300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="vehicle charging, configuration, and firmware download Developed in collaboration with other smart grid communication technologies: HomePlug, WiFi, … IP based" xmpDM:startTime="4372300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Þ Incompatible with previous Zigbee" xmpDM:startTime="4372300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee RF4CE Radio Frequency for Consumer Electronics (RF4CE) consortium developed a protocol for remote control using wireless (rather than infrared" xmpDM:startTime="4372667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="which requires line of sight) RF4CE merged with Zigbee and produced Zigbee RF4CE protocol Operates on channels 15, 20, and" xmpDM:startTime="4372667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="25 in 2.4" xmpDM:startTime="4372667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GHz Maximum PHY payload is 127 bytes Two types of devices: Remotes and Targets (TVs, DVD Player,…) Status Display: Remote" xmpDM:startTime="4372667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="can show the status of the target Paging: Can locate remote control using a paging button on the target Pairing:" xmpDM:startTime="4372667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A remote control works only with certain devices" xmpDM:startTime="4372667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Many-to-One Routing Used for sensor data collection." xmpDM:startTime="4372800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="All data goes to a concentrator or a gateway Gateway has a large memory and can hold complete routes to" xmpDM:startTime="4372800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="all nodes But each node only remembers the next hop towards gateway A B C D G Gateway" xmpDM:startTime="4372800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tree Hierarchical Routing All leaf nodes send the packet to their parent Each parent checks the address to see if" xmpDM:startTime="4372933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="it is in its subrange." xmpDM:startTime="4372933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If yes, it sends to the appropriate child." xmpDM:startTime="4372933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If not, it sends to its parent Example: A12 to A30." xmpDM:startTime="4372933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A12  R1  Coordinator  R4  A30 C R1 R2 R3 R4 L L L L L L" xmpDM:startTime="4372933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L L 10 11 17 23 29 12 13 18 19 24 25 30 31" xmpDM:startTime="4372933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV vs." xmpDM:startTime="4373000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR In DSR a single RREQ can result in routes to several destination In DSR RERR messages are sent to" xmpDM:startTime="4373000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the source not broadcast Þ Many nodes are unaware of failure In DSR, route discovery is delayed until all cached" xmpDM:startTime="4373000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="entries have been tried Þ Not good for high mobility K." xmpDM:startTime="4373000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Garg, &quot;Mobile Computing: Theory and Practice,&quot; Pearson, 2010, ISBN: 81-3173-166-9, 232 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="4373000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Safari Book." xmpDM:startTime="4373000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4373000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in DSR If a transmission fails, route error (RERR) is sent to the source." xmpDM:startTime="4373367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="It contains hosts at both ends of the link." xmpDM:startTime="4373367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intermediate nodes remove or truncate all routes with that link." xmpDM:startTime="4373367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Source may re-initate the route discovery." xmpDM:startTime="4373367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Caching multiple routes results in a faster recovery but the routes may be stale resulting in cache poisoning at other" xmpDM:startTime="4373367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="nodes." xmpDM:startTime="4373367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Not suitable for high-mobility environments." xmpDM:startTime="4373367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Source-route overhead in each packet." xmpDM:startTime="4373367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: RFC 4728, February 2007" xmpDM:startTime="4373367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4373633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR: Example Node 1 sends RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10” Nodes 2 send" xmpDM:startTime="4374233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="RREQ to 5, 7." xmpDM:startTime="4374233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Note: RREQ not sent to 1." xmpDM:startTime="4374233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 3 sends RREQ to 5 Node 4 sends RREQ to 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8" xmpDM:startTime="4374233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="9 10" xmpDM:startTime="4374233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) On-Demand (reactive) routing using &quot;Source Route“ Source Route = List of routers along the path in" xmpDM:startTime="4374567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the packet." xmpDM:startTime="4374567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Routing database: Complete route to recent destinations Each entry has an expiration period and is timed out If a route" xmpDM:startTime="4374567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="is not available, send &quot;route request&quot; to all neighbors Each neighbor adds itself to the route in the request and" xmpDM:startTime="4374567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="forward to all its neighbors (only first receipt)." xmpDM:startTime="4374567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Does not change source address." xmpDM:startTime="4374567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If a node knows the route it appends the rest of the route and returns the &quot;route reply (RREP)“ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="4374567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="goes back along the recorded path All nodes record paths in RREP and RREQ." xmpDM:startTime="4374567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multiple routes cached." xmpDM:startTime="4374567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Src Addr Req ID Dest Addr Route Record Broadcast 255...255" xmpDM:startTime="4374567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="RREQ" xmpDM:startTime="4374567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR: Example Node 1 sends RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10” Nodes 2 send" xmpDM:startTime="4731700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="RREQ to 5, 7." xmpDM:startTime="4731700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Note: RREQ not sent to 1." xmpDM:startTime="4731700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 3 sends RREQ to 5 Node 4 sends RREQ to 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8" xmpDM:startTime="4731700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="9 10" xmpDM:startTime="4731700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR) On-Demand (reactive) routing using &quot;Source Route“ Source Route = List of routers along the path in" xmpDM:startTime="4762433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the packet." xmpDM:startTime="4762433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Routing database: Complete route to recent destinations Each entry has an expiration period and is timed out If a route" xmpDM:startTime="4762433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="is not available, send &quot;route request&quot; to all neighbors Each neighbor adds itself to the route in the request and" xmpDM:startTime="4762433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="forward to all its neighbors (only first receipt)." xmpDM:startTime="4762433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Does not change source address." xmpDM:startTime="4762433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If a node knows the route it appends the rest of the route and returns the &quot;route reply (RREP)“ RREP" xmpDM:startTime="4762433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="goes back along the recorded path All nodes record paths in RREP and RREQ." xmpDM:startTime="4762433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multiple routes cached." xmpDM:startTime="4762433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Src Addr Req ID Dest Addr Route Record Broadcast 255...255" xmpDM:startTime="4762433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="RREQ" xmpDM:startTime="4762433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR: Example Node 1 sends RREQ to 2, 3, 4: &quot;Any one has a route to 10” Nodes 2 send" xmpDM:startTime="4765467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="RREQ to 5, 7." xmpDM:startTime="4765467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Note: RREQ not sent to 1." xmpDM:startTime="4765467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Node 3 sends RREQ to 5 Node 4 sends RREQ to 6 2 1 3 4 5 6 7 8" xmpDM:startTime="4765467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="9 10" xmpDM:startTime="4765467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4769433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li></rdf:Seq>
                     </xmpDM:markers>
                  </rdf:Description>
               </rdf:li>
               <rdf:li>
                  <rdf:Description xmpDM:trackType="TableOfContents" xmpDM:frameRate="f1000" xmpDM:trackName="Table of Contents">
                     <xmpDM:markers>
                        <rdf:Seq>
                           <rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Topologies" xmpDM:startTime="29733" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="0" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="0, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="99500" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="1" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="75, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Topologies" xmpDM:startTime="100967" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="2" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="150, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="121400" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="3" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="225, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="154967" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="4" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="300, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="161700" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="5" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="375, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="209400" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="6" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="450, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="247633" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="7" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="525, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="261000" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="8" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="600, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="273567" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="9" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="675, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="281033" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="10" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="750, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="289467" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="11" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="825, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="293733" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="12" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="900, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="295200" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="13" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="975, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="298467" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="14" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1050, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="300033" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="15" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1125, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="316233" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="16" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1200, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="324967" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="17" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1275, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="369400" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="18" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1350, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="411867" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="19" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1425, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="523967" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="20" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1500, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="594867" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="21" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1575, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="595200" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="22" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1650, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="595500" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="23" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1725, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Topologies" xmpDM:startTime="596100" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="24" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1800, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="611067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="25" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1875, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="611133" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="26" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1950, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="611233" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="27" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2025, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="612233" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="28" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2100, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="614900" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="29" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2175, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="615333" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="30" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2250, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="616233" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="31" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2325, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="618933" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="32" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2400, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="619167" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="33" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2475, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="619467" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="34" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2550, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="642367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="35" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2625, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="643333" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="36" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2700, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="644067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="37" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2775, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="644833" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="38" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2850, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="645367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="39" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2925, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="645700" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="40" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3000, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="646000" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="41" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3075, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="647200" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="42" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3150, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="647767" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="43" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3225, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="648067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="44" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3300, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="648600" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="45" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3375, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="651733" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="46" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3450, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="651933" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="47" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3525, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="652067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="48" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3600, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="669067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="49" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3675, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="669233" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="50" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3750, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="669500" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="51" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3825, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Topologies" xmpDM:startTime="669800" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="52" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3900, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="669867" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="53" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="50, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="670500" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="54" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="125, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="671133" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="55" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="200, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="676467" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="56" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="275, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="676967" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="57" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="350, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="677400" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="58" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="425, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Profiles" xmpDM:startTime="678100" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="59" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="500, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sample Zigbee Products" xmpDM:startTime="793367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="60" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="575, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Profiles" xmpDM:startTime="794067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="61" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="650, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sample Zigbee Products" xmpDM:startTime="874067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="62" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="725, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Address Assignment" xmpDM:startTime="904500" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="63" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="800, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sample Zigbee Products" xmpDM:startTime="996400" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="64" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="875, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Profiles" xmpDM:startTime="996633" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="65" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="950, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="996900" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="66" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1025, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="997133" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="67" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1100, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="997367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="68" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1175, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="998033" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="69" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1250, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Topologies" xmpDM:startTime="998133" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="70" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1325, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Device Types" xmpDM:startTime="998533" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="71" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1400, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Topologies" xmpDM:startTime="999133" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="72" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1475, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="1016400" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="73" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1550, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Protocol Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1017000" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="74" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1625, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer" xmpDM:startTime="1017567" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="75" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1700, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Layer (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1017900" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="76" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1775, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Application Profiles" xmpDM:startTime="1018033" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="77" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1850, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sample Zigbee Products" xmpDM:startTime="1018500" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="78" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1925, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Address Assignment" xmpDM:startTime="1018767" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="79" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2000, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Distributed Scheme Example" xmpDM:startTime="1048400" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="80" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2075, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Distributed Scheme Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1136033" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="81" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2150, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stochastic Address Assignment" xmpDM:startTime="1255733" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="82" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2225, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Distributed Scheme Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1262733" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="83" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2300, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stochastic Address Assignment" xmpDM:startTime="1273267" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="84" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2375, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee Routing" xmpDM:startTime="1340900" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="85" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2450, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV" xmpDM:startTime="1373167" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="86" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2525, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing" xmpDM:startTime="1568200" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="87" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2600, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV" xmpDM:startTime="1569400" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="88" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2675, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing" xmpDM:startTime="1570433" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="89" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2750, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV" xmpDM:startTime="1577233" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="90" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2825, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing" xmpDM:startTime="1809200" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="91" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2900, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1989967" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="92" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2975, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing" xmpDM:startTime="2021433" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="93" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3050, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2026500" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="94" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3125, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="2097933" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="95" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3200, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2098767" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="96" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3275, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="2238867" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="97" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3350, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2240067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="98" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3425, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="2252167" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="99" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3500, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2437867" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="100" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3575, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="2953433" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="101" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3650, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2982000" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="102" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3725, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="2997400" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="103" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3800, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3000900" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="104" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3875, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="3003533" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="105" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="25, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3038167" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="106" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="100, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="3282700" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="107" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="175, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example" xmpDM:startTime="3284367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="108" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="250, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV" xmpDM:startTime="3286600" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="109" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="325, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)" xmpDM:startTime="3287200" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="110" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="400, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR: Example" xmpDM:startTime="3287733" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="111" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="475, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)" xmpDM:startTime="3288733" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="112" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="550, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV" xmpDM:startTime="3290633" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="113" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="625, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example" xmpDM:startTime="3291133" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="114" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="700, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="3292067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="115" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="775, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3292800" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="116" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="850, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="3294633" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="117" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="925, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3297267" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="118" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1000, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing" xmpDM:startTime="3298400" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="119" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1075, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3306467" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="120" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1150, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="3308433" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="121" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1225, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3326467" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="122" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1300, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="3451967" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="123" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1375, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3454367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="124" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1450, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="3470233" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="125" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1525, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example" xmpDM:startTime="3563867" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="126" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1600, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="3768233" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="127" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1675, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3768700" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="128" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1750, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="3769200" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="129" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1825, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3770567" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="130" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1900, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="3771133" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="131" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1975, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3786667" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="132" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2050, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="3787333" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="133" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2125, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example" xmpDM:startTime="3787767" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="134" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2200, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="3866233" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="135" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2275, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3866367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="136" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2350, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="3866467" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="137" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2425, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3867033" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="138" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2500, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="3870367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="139" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2575, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example" xmpDM:startTime="3870900" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="140" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2650, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV" xmpDM:startTime="3953467" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="141" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2725, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example" xmpDM:startTime="4074000" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="142" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2800, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="4074267" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="143" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2875, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4075067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="144" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2950, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="4075833" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="145" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3025, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4156933" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="146" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3100, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="4157233" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="147" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3175, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example" xmpDM:startTime="4157767" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="148" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3250, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV" xmpDM:startTime="4158300" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="149" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3325, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example" xmpDM:startTime="4253533" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="150" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3400, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="4254067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="151" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3475, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4254167" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="152" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3550, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Routing: Example" xmpDM:startTime="4254533" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="153" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3625, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4255300" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="154" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3700, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="4256367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="155" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3775, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4256800" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="156" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3850, 112, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="4261500" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="157" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="0, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4262133" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="158" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="75, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Route Discovery" xmpDM:startTime="4286633" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="159" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="150, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example" xmpDM:startTime="4287300" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="160" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="225, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV" xmpDM:startTime="4287800" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="161" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="300, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)" xmpDM:startTime="4288333" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="162" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="375, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV" xmpDM:startTime="4290833" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="163" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="450, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multicast Discovery Example" xmpDM:startTime="4294367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="164" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="525, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in AODV" xmpDM:startTime="4295033" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="165" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="600, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)" xmpDM:startTime="4295100" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="166" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="675, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR: Example" xmpDM:startTime="4295200" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="167" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="750, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4295300" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="168" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="825, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in DSR " xmpDM:startTime="4295733" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="169" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="900, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV vs. DSR" xmpDM:startTime="4295767" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="170" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="975, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tree Hierarchical Routing" xmpDM:startTime="4295967" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="171" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1050, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Many-to-One Routing" xmpDM:startTime="4296167" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="172" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1125, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee RF4CE" xmpDM:startTime="4296300" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="173" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1200, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee 2030.5" xmpDM:startTime="4296333" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="174" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1275, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee IP" xmpDM:startTime="4296533" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="175" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1350, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Z-Wave" xmpDM:startTime="4296967" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="176" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1425, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Summary" xmpDM:startTime="4297033" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="177" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1500, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13A" xmpDM:startTime="4297067" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="178" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1575, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13B" xmpDM:startTime="4297167" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="179" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1650, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13C" xmpDM:startTime="4297300" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="180" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1725, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13B" xmpDM:startTime="4298000" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="181" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1800, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13A" xmpDM:startTime="4298400" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="182" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1875, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13B" xmpDM:startTime="4324300" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="183" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1950, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 13A" xmpDM:startTime="4370600" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="184" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2025, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Summary" xmpDM:startTime="4371033" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="185" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2100, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Z-Wave" xmpDM:startTime="4371367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="186" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2175, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee IP" xmpDM:startTime="4372167" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="187" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2250, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee 2030.5" xmpDM:startTime="4372300" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="188" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2325, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Zigbee RF4CE" xmpDM:startTime="4372667" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="189" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2400, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Many-to-One Routing" xmpDM:startTime="4372800" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="190" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2475, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tree Hierarchical Routing" xmpDM:startTime="4372933" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="191" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2550, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="AODV vs. DSR" xmpDM:startTime="4373000" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="192" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2625, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Route Maintenance in DSR " xmpDM:startTime="4373367" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="193" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2700, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4373633" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="194" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2775, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR: Example" xmpDM:startTime="4374233" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="195" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2850, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)" xmpDM:startTime="4374567" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="196" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2925, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR: Example" xmpDM:startTime="4731700" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="197" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3000, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dynamic Source Routing (DSR)" xmpDM:startTime="4762433" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="198" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3075, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR: Example" xmpDM:startTime="4765467" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="199" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3150, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="DSR Example (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4769433" tscDM:image="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="200" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3225, 168, 75, 56"/></rdf:li></rdf:Seq>
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                     <rdf:li xmpDM:name="autohide" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="autoplay" xmpDM:value="true"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="loop" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="searchable" xmpDM:value="true"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="captionsenabled" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="sidebarenabled" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="unicodeenabled" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="backgroundcolor" xmpDM:value="000000"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="sidebarlocation" xmpDM:value="left"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="endaction" xmpDM:value="stop"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="endactionparam" xmpDM:value="true"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="locale" xmpDM:value="en-US"/></rdf:Bag>
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               <tscDM:controllerText>
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               <tscDM:files>
                  <rdf:Seq>
                     <rdf:li xmpDM:name="0" xmpDM:value="j_13zgb2.mp4"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="1" xmpDM:value="j_13zgb2_First_Frame.png"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="2" xmpDM:value="j_13zgb2_Thumbnails.png"/></rdf:Seq>
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</x:xmpmeta>