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                           <rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Introduction to Cellular Networks: 1G/2G/3G Raj Jain Washington University in Saint Louis Saint Louis, MO 63130 Jain@cse.wustl.edu" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Audio/Video recordings of this class lecture are available at: http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse574-18/" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Overview Cellular Telephony Cellular Frequency Reuse 2G: GSM 2.5G:" xmpDM:startTime="43100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GPRS, EDGE 3G: W-CDMA 3.5G:" xmpDM:startTime="43100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) Note: 3.9G/4G" xmpDM:startTime="43100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="technologies LTE and LTE Advanced discussed in future lectures of this class." xmpDM:startTime="43100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="43100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Network Beginnings AT&amp;T Bell Labs designed a cellular structure to reuse frequency." xmpDM:startTime="57167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="No two adjacent cells use the same frequency." xmpDM:startTime="57167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1977: FCC authorized two commercial deployments Chicago: Illinois Bell Washington, DC: American Radio telephone Service Both services started 1983 3" xmpDM:startTime="57167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 1 2 5 6 7 3 4 1 2 5 6 7 3 4 1 2 5 6 7" xmpDM:startTime="57167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3 4 1 2 5 6 2 6 7 2 6 7 1 2 6 7 Ref: P." xmpDM:startTime="57167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bedell, “Cellular Networks: Design and Operation, A real World Perspective,” Outskirts Press, 2014, ISBN:9781478732082" xmpDM:startTime="57167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initial Cellular System in US US was divided into 306 metropolitan service areas (MSAs) 75% of US population, 20% of" xmpDM:startTime="131833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="area Densely populated Þ Small cell size 428 rural service areas (RSAs) Less populated Þ Larger cell size Each area" xmpDM:startTime="131833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="was originally allowed two competing carriers: A, B Bell (B) Alternative (A) 832 channel-pairs in each area." xmpDM:startTime="131833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="416 pairs per carrier." xmpDM:startTime="131833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="45 MHz between transmit and receive frequencies 30 kHz per channel 1:7 Frequency reuse with hexagonal cells Too many applicants" xmpDM:startTime="131833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Þ FCC started a lottery system At least one system in every market by 1990" xmpDM:startTime="131833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Network Beginnings AT&amp;T Bell Labs designed a cellular structure to reuse frequency." xmpDM:startTime="285000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="No two adjacent cells use the same frequency." xmpDM:startTime="285000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1977: FCC authorized two commercial deployments Chicago: Illinois Bell Washington, DC: American Radio telephone Service Both services started 1983 3" xmpDM:startTime="285000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 1 2 5 6 7 3 4 1 2 5 6 7 3 4 1 2 5 6 7" xmpDM:startTime="285000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3 4 1 2 5 6 2 6 7 2 6 7 1 2 6 7 Ref: P." xmpDM:startTime="285000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bedell, “Cellular Networks: Design and Operation, A real World Perspective,” Outskirts Press, 2014, ISBN:9781478732082" xmpDM:startTime="285000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initial Cellular System in US US was divided into 306 metropolitan service areas (MSAs) 75% of US population, 20% of" xmpDM:startTime="297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="area Densely populated Þ Small cell size 428 rural service areas (RSAs) Less populated Þ Larger cell size Each area" xmpDM:startTime="297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="was originally allowed two competing carriers: A, B Bell (B) Alternative (A) 832 channel-pairs in each area." xmpDM:startTime="297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="416 pairs per carrier." xmpDM:startTime="297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="45 MHz between transmit and receive frequencies 30 kHz per channel 1:7 Frequency reuse with hexagonal cells Too many applicants" xmpDM:startTime="297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Þ FCC started a lottery system At least one system in every market by 1990" xmpDM:startTime="297267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cell Sites On towers, roof tops, water tanks, utility poles, … Good source of income for utility companies, cities, schools," xmpDM:startTime="353633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="churches, hotels, … With a base station for electronics NIMBY (Not in my back yard) Þ Mostly hidden, shared towers" xmpDM:startTime="353633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="353633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cells on Wheels (CoWs) Used for temporary surge in traffic, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="569033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="games, fares, …" xmpDM:startTime="569033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Macro, Micro, Pico, Femto Cells Macro: Sections of a city, more than 1 km radius Micro: Neighborhoods, less than 1" xmpDM:startTime="591233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="km Pico: Busy public areas: Malls, airports, …, 200 m Femto: Inside a home, 10 m Ref: http://www.microwavejournal.com/articles/print/22784-high-efficiency-amplifier-for-picocells" xmpDM:startTime="591233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Figure 1" xmpDM:startTime="591233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Frequency Reuse Cluster Size =4 Cluster Size =7 Cluster Size =19" xmpDM:startTime="695633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Characterizing Frequency Reuse D = minimum distance between centers of cells that use the same band of frequencies (called co-channels)" xmpDM:startTime="748167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="R = radius of a cell d = distance between centers of adjacent cells (d = R3) N = number" xmpDM:startTime="748167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of cells in repetitious pattern (Cluster) Reuse factor Each cell in pattern uses unique band of frequencies Hexagonal cell pattern," xmpDM:startTime="748167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="following values of N possible  N = I2 + J2 + (I x J), I, J = 0, 1, 2," xmpDM:startTime="748167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3, …  Possible values of N are 1, 3, 4, 7, 9, 12, 13, 16, 19, 21, … Reuse Ratio" xmpDM:startTime="748167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= Distance/Radius = D/R= D/d = D R d Ref: C." xmpDM:startTime="748167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Siva Ram Murthy; B." xmpDM:startTime="748167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="S." xmpDM:startTime="748167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manoj, &quot;Ad Hoc Wireless Networks Architectures and Protocols,&quot; Prentice Hall, 2004, ISBN: 013147023X, 880 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="748167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Safari Book, Section 3.2." xmpDM:startTime="748167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="748167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Frequency Reuse Cluster Size =4 Cluster Size =7 Cluster Size =19" xmpDM:startTime="752967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Characterizing Frequency Reuse D = minimum distance between centers of cells that use the same band of frequencies (called co-channels)" xmpDM:startTime="753433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="R = radius of a cell d = distance between centers of adjacent cells (d = R3) N = number" xmpDM:startTime="753433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of cells in repetitious pattern (Cluster) Reuse factor Each cell in pattern uses unique band of frequencies Hexagonal cell pattern," xmpDM:startTime="753433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="following values of N possible  N = I2 + J2 + (I x J), I, J = 0, 1, 2," xmpDM:startTime="753433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3, …  Possible values of N are 1, 3, 4, 7, 9, 12, 13, 16, 19, 21, … Reuse Ratio" xmpDM:startTime="753433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= Distance/Radius = D/R= D/d = D R d Ref: C." xmpDM:startTime="753433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Siva Ram Murthy; B." xmpDM:startTime="753433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="S." xmpDM:startTime="753433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manoj, &quot;Ad Hoc Wireless Networks Architectures and Protocols,&quot; Prentice Hall, 2004, ISBN: 013147023X, 880 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="753433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Safari Book, Section 3.2." xmpDM:startTime="753433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="753433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frequency Reuse Example What would be the minimum distance between the centers of two cells with the same band of" xmpDM:startTime="898533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frequencies if cell radius is 1 km and the reuse factor is 12? D/R = 3N D = (312)1/2 " xmpDM:startTime="898533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1 km = 6 km" xmpDM:startTime="898533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Characterizing Frequency Reuse D = minimum distance between centers of cells that use the same band of frequencies (called co-channels)" xmpDM:startTime="908100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="R = radius of a cell d = distance between centers of adjacent cells (d = R3) N = number" xmpDM:startTime="908100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of cells in repetitious pattern (Cluster) Reuse factor Each cell in pattern uses unique band of frequencies Hexagonal cell pattern," xmpDM:startTime="908100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="following values of N possible  N = I2 + J2 + (I x J), I, J = 0, 1, 2," xmpDM:startTime="908100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3, …  Possible values of N are 1, 3, 4, 7, 9, 12, 13, 16, 19, 21, … Reuse Ratio" xmpDM:startTime="908100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= Distance/Radius = D/R= D/d = D R d Ref: C." xmpDM:startTime="908100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Siva Ram Murthy; B." xmpDM:startTime="908100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="S." xmpDM:startTime="908100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manoj, &quot;Ad Hoc Wireless Networks Architectures and Protocols,&quot; Prentice Hall, 2004, ISBN: 013147023X, 880 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="908100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Safari Book, Section 3.2." xmpDM:startTime="908100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="908100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frequency Reuse Example What would be the minimum distance between the centers of two cells with the same band of" xmpDM:startTime="910033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frequencies if cell radius is 1 km and the reuse factor is 12? D/R = 3N D = (312)1/2 " xmpDM:startTime="910033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1 km = 6 km" xmpDM:startTime="910033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Characterizing Frequency Reuse D = minimum distance between centers of cells that use the same band of frequencies (called co-channels)" xmpDM:startTime="918433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="R = radius of a cell d = distance between centers of adjacent cells (d = R3) N = number" xmpDM:startTime="918433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of cells in repetitious pattern (Cluster) Reuse factor Each cell in pattern uses unique band of frequencies Hexagonal cell pattern," xmpDM:startTime="918433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="following values of N possible  N = I2 + J2 + (I x J), I, J = 0, 1, 2," xmpDM:startTime="918433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3, …  Possible values of N are 1, 3, 4, 7, 9, 12, 13, 16, 19, 21, … Reuse Ratio" xmpDM:startTime="918433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= Distance/Radius = D/R= D/d = D R d Ref: C." xmpDM:startTime="918433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Siva Ram Murthy; B." xmpDM:startTime="918433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="S." xmpDM:startTime="918433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manoj, &quot;Ad Hoc Wireless Networks Architectures and Protocols,&quot; Prentice Hall, 2004, ISBN: 013147023X, 880 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="918433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Safari Book, Section 3.2." xmpDM:startTime="918433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="918433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frequency Reuse Example What would be the minimum distance between the centers of two cells with the same band of" xmpDM:startTime="935233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frequencies if cell radius is 1 km and the reuse factor is 12? D/R = 3N D = (312)1/2 " xmpDM:startTime="935233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1 km = 6 km" xmpDM:startTime="935233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 16A The distance between cell centers with the same frequency band is required to be more than 6 km." xmpDM:startTime="969233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell radius for the cluster size of 12." xmpDM:startTime="969233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="969233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frequency Reuse Notation N×S×K frequency reuse pattern N=Number of cells per cluster S= Number of sectors in a cell K" xmpDM:startTime="994200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= Number of frequency allocations per cell 1X3X3" xmpDM:startTime="994200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frequency Reuse Notation (Cont) 1x3x1 1x3x3 1x1x1 3x1x1 3x3x1 3x3x3" xmpDM:startTime="1107000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Fractional Frequency Reuse Users close to the BS use all frequency subchannels Users at the cell boundary use only a" xmpDM:startTime="1321067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="fraction of available subchannels F1,F2,F3 F1 F2 F3 F1,F2,F3 F1,F2,F3" xmpDM:startTime="1321067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 16B Label the frequency reuse patterns below." xmpDM:startTime="1391367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1391367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Telephony Generations 1G 2G 2.5G" xmpDM:startTime="1400200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3G NA Europe China D-AMPS NA-TDMA Analog FDMA Digital TDMA CDMA CDMA Voice Voice AMPS cdmaOne GSM TACS WCDMA CDMA2000" xmpDM:startTime="1400200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1xEV -DO 1xEV -DV GPRS EDGE HSPA+ TD-SCDMA 3GPP2 3GPP LTE UMB Networking Industry Mobile WiMAX WiMAX2 3.5G" xmpDM:startTime="1400200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3GPP2 Evolved EDGE Voice+HS Data OFDMA+ MIMO 4G LTE-Adv Voice+Data Voice+Data All-IP" xmpDM:startTime="1400200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont) 1G: Analog Voice." xmpDM:startTime="1599433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="FDMA." xmpDM:startTime="1599433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1980s AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System TACS: Total Access Communications System 2G: Digital Voice." xmpDM:startTime="1599433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="TDMA." xmpDM:startTime="1599433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1990 cdmaOne: Qualcomm." xmpDM:startTime="1599433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="International Standard IS-95." xmpDM:startTime="1599433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="NA-TDMA Digital AMPS (D-AMPS) GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications 2.5G:" xmpDM:startTime="1599433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Voice + Data." xmpDM:startTime="1599433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1995." xmpDM:startTime="1599433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1xEV-DO: Evolution Data Optimized 1xEV-DV: Evolution Data and Voice General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution" xmpDM:startTime="1599433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(EDGE)" xmpDM:startTime="1599433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Telephony Generations 1G 2G 2.5G" xmpDM:startTime="1601333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3G NA Europe China D-AMPS NA-TDMA Analog FDMA Digital TDMA CDMA CDMA Voice Voice AMPS cdmaOne GSM TACS WCDMA CDMA2000" xmpDM:startTime="1601333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1xEV -DO 1xEV -DV GPRS EDGE HSPA+ TD-SCDMA 3GPP2 3GPP LTE UMB Networking Industry Mobile WiMAX WiMAX2 3.5G" xmpDM:startTime="1601333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3GPP2 Evolved EDGE Voice+HS Data OFDMA+ MIMO 4G LTE-Adv Voice+Data Voice+Data All-IP" xmpDM:startTime="1601333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont) 1G: Analog Voice." xmpDM:startTime="1921667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="FDMA." xmpDM:startTime="1921667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1980s AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System TACS: Total Access Communications System 2G: Digital Voice." xmpDM:startTime="1921667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="TDMA." xmpDM:startTime="1921667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1990 cdmaOne: Qualcomm." xmpDM:startTime="1921667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="International Standard IS-95." xmpDM:startTime="1921667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="NA-TDMA Digital AMPS (D-AMPS) GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications 2.5G:" xmpDM:startTime="1921667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Voice + Data." xmpDM:startTime="1921667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1995." xmpDM:startTime="1921667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1xEV-DO: Evolution Data Optimized 1xEV-DV: Evolution Data and Voice General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution" xmpDM:startTime="1921667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(EDGE)" xmpDM:startTime="1921667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont) 3G: Voice + High-speed data." xmpDM:startTime="2061500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="All CDMA." xmpDM:startTime="2061500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2000." xmpDM:startTime="2061500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="CDMA2000: Qualcomm." xmpDM:startTime="2061500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="International Standard IS-2000." xmpDM:startTime="2061500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="W-CDMA: Wideband CDMA TD-SCDMA: Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (Chinese 3G) 384 kbps to 2 Mbps 3.5G:" xmpDM:startTime="2061500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Voice + Higher-speed data EDGE Evolution High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) Evolved HSPA (HSPA+) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB)" xmpDM:startTime="2061500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont) Two Tracks for 1G/2G/3G: Europe 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) North America 3GPP2 3.9G:" xmpDM:startTime="2101667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="High-Speed Data." xmpDM:startTime="2101667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VOIP." xmpDM:startTime="2101667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="OFDMA." xmpDM:startTime="2101667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX 16e (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) Long Term Evolution (LTE) 4G: Very High-Speed Data." xmpDM:startTime="2101667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2013." xmpDM:startTime="2101667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX 16m or WiMAX2 LTE-Advanced 100 Mbps – 1 Gbps 5G: Ultra High-Speed Data." xmpDM:startTime="2101667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2020." xmpDM:startTime="2101667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IP based" xmpDM:startTime="2101667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3.9G" xmpDM:startTime="2135333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="vs." xmpDM:startTime="2135333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4G 3G = International Mobile Communications 2000 (IMT-2000) = W-CDMA, CDMA2000 4G = IMT-Advanced = LTE-Advanced, IEEE 802.16m" xmpDM:startTime="2135333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX forum officially declared WiMAX to be 3G technology so that they can use spectrum allocated to 3G." xmpDM:startTime="2135333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX, LTE are at most 3.9G" xmpDM:startTime="2135333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="or “near-4G” Some telecom companies are selling them as 4G" xmpDM:startTime="2135333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Global System for Mobile Communications Implemented in 90% of cell phones world-wide." xmpDM:startTime="2222500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1990 Technology using Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA) in stead of Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) used in 1G 850/900/1800/1900 MHz" xmpDM:startTime="2222500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(quad-band) Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card contained user data." xmpDM:startTime="2222500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="User could use any phone with his/her SIM card U25 U17 U9 U1 Time Frequency U2 U3 U4 U1 Frequency" xmpDM:startTime="2222500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U10 U11 U12 U13 U14 U15 U16 U18 U19 U20 U21 U22 U23" xmpDM:startTime="2222500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="U24 U26 U27 U28 U29 U30 U31 U32 Time U1 U9 U17 U25 (a) FDMA (B) TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="2222500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3.9G" xmpDM:startTime="2223200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="vs." xmpDM:startTime="2223200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4G 3G = International Mobile Communications 2000 (IMT-2000) = W-CDMA, CDMA2000 4G = IMT-Advanced = LTE-Advanced, IEEE 802.16m" xmpDM:startTime="2223200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX forum officially declared WiMAX to be 3G technology so that they can use spectrum allocated to 3G." xmpDM:startTime="2223200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX, LTE are at most 3.9G" xmpDM:startTime="2223200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="or “near-4G” Some telecom companies are selling them as 4G" xmpDM:startTime="2223200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont) Two Tracks for 1G/2G/3G: Europe 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) North America 3GPP2 3.9G:" xmpDM:startTime="2223300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="High-Speed Data." xmpDM:startTime="2223300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VOIP." xmpDM:startTime="2223300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="OFDMA." xmpDM:startTime="2223300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX 16e (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) Long Term Evolution (LTE) 4G: Very High-Speed Data." xmpDM:startTime="2223300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2013." xmpDM:startTime="2223300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX 16m or WiMAX2 LTE-Advanced 100 Mbps – 1 Gbps 5G: Ultra High-Speed Data." xmpDM:startTime="2223300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2020." xmpDM:startTime="2223300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IP based" xmpDM:startTime="2223300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont) 3G: Voice + High-speed data." xmpDM:startTime="2223700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="All CDMA." xmpDM:startTime="2223700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2000." xmpDM:startTime="2223700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="CDMA2000: Qualcomm." xmpDM:startTime="2223700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="International Standard IS-2000." xmpDM:startTime="2223700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="W-CDMA: Wideband CDMA TD-SCDMA: Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (Chinese 3G) 384 kbps to 2 Mbps 3.5G:" xmpDM:startTime="2223700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Voice + Higher-speed data EDGE Evolution High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) Evolved HSPA (HSPA+) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB)" xmpDM:startTime="2223700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont) 1G: Analog Voice." xmpDM:startTime="2224367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="FDMA." xmpDM:startTime="2224367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1980s AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System TACS: Total Access Communications System 2G: Digital Voice." xmpDM:startTime="2224367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="TDMA." xmpDM:startTime="2224367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1990 cdmaOne: Qualcomm." xmpDM:startTime="2224367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="International Standard IS-95." xmpDM:startTime="2224367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="NA-TDMA Digital AMPS (D-AMPS) GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications 2.5G:" xmpDM:startTime="2224367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Voice + Data." xmpDM:startTime="2224367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1995." xmpDM:startTime="2224367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1xEV-DO: Evolution Data Optimized 1xEV-DV: Evolution Data and Voice General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution" xmpDM:startTime="2224367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(EDGE)" xmpDM:startTime="2224367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Telephony Generations 1G 2G 2.5G" xmpDM:startTime="2225067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3G NA Europe China D-AMPS NA-TDMA Analog FDMA Digital TDMA CDMA CDMA Voice Voice AMPS cdmaOne GSM TACS WCDMA CDMA2000" xmpDM:startTime="2225067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1xEV -DO 1xEV -DV GPRS EDGE HSPA+ TD-SCDMA 3GPP2 3GPP LTE UMB Networking Industry Mobile WiMAX WiMAX2 3.5G" xmpDM:startTime="2225067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3GPP2 Evolved EDGE Voice+HS Data OFDMA+ MIMO 4G LTE-Adv Voice+Data Voice+Data All-IP" xmpDM:startTime="2225067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont) 1G: Analog Voice." xmpDM:startTime="2228400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="FDMA." xmpDM:startTime="2228400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1980s AMPS: Advanced Mobile Phone System TACS: Total Access Communications System 2G: Digital Voice." xmpDM:startTime="2228400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="TDMA." xmpDM:startTime="2228400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1990 cdmaOne: Qualcomm." xmpDM:startTime="2228400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="International Standard IS-95." xmpDM:startTime="2228400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="NA-TDMA Digital AMPS (D-AMPS) GSM: Global System for Mobile Communications 2.5G:" xmpDM:startTime="2228400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Voice + Data." xmpDM:startTime="2228400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1995." xmpDM:startTime="2228400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1xEV-DO: Evolution Data Optimized 1xEV-DV: Evolution Data and Voice General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) Enhanced Data Rate for GSM Evolution" xmpDM:startTime="2228400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(EDGE)" xmpDM:startTime="2228400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont) 3G: Voice + High-speed data." xmpDM:startTime="2228800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="All CDMA." xmpDM:startTime="2228800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2000." xmpDM:startTime="2228800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="CDMA2000: Qualcomm." xmpDM:startTime="2228800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="International Standard IS-2000." xmpDM:startTime="2228800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="W-CDMA: Wideband CDMA TD-SCDMA: Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (Chinese 3G) 384 kbps to 2 Mbps 3.5G:" xmpDM:startTime="2228800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Voice + Higher-speed data EDGE Evolution High-Speed Packet Access (HSPA) Evolved HSPA (HSPA+) Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB)" xmpDM:startTime="2228800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont) Two Tracks for 1G/2G/3G: Europe 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) North America 3GPP2 3.9G:" xmpDM:startTime="2229667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="High-Speed Data." xmpDM:startTime="2229667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VOIP." xmpDM:startTime="2229667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="OFDMA." xmpDM:startTime="2229667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX 16e (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) Long Term Evolution (LTE) 4G: Very High-Speed Data." xmpDM:startTime="2229667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2013." xmpDM:startTime="2229667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX 16m or WiMAX2 LTE-Advanced 100 Mbps – 1 Gbps 5G: Ultra High-Speed Data." xmpDM:startTime="2229667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2020." xmpDM:startTime="2229667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IP based" xmpDM:startTime="2229667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3.9G" xmpDM:startTime="2230400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="vs." xmpDM:startTime="2230400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4G 3G = International Mobile Communications 2000 (IMT-2000) = W-CDMA, CDMA2000 4G = IMT-Advanced = LTE-Advanced, IEEE 802.16m" xmpDM:startTime="2230400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX forum officially declared WiMAX to be 3G technology so that they can use spectrum allocated to 3G." xmpDM:startTime="2230400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX, LTE are at most 3.9G" xmpDM:startTime="2230400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="or “near-4G” Some telecom companies are selling them as 4G" xmpDM:startTime="2230400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Global System for Mobile Communications Implemented in 90% of cell phones world-wide." xmpDM:startTime="2306233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1990 Technology using Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA) in stead of Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) used in 1G 850/900/1800/1900 MHz" xmpDM:startTime="2306233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(quad-band) Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card contained user data." xmpDM:startTime="2306233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="User could use any phone with his/her SIM card U25 U17 U9 U1 Time Frequency U2 U3 U4 U1 Frequency" xmpDM:startTime="2306233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U10 U11 U12 U13 U14 U15 U16 U18 U19 U20 U21 U22 U23" xmpDM:startTime="2306233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="U24 U26 U27 U28 U29 U30 U31 U32 Time U1 U9 U17 U25 (a) FDMA (B) TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="2306233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2506267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2506267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2506267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2665100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2665100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2665100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2665100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2665100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2665100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2665100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2665100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2673000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2673000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2673000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2681933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2681933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2681933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2681933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2681933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2681933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2681933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2681933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2701133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2701133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2701133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2708867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2708867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2708867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2708867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2708867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2708867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2708867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2708867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2720767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2720767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2720767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2760567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2760567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2760567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2760567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2760567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2760567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2760567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2760567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2768733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2768733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2768733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Global System for Mobile Communications Implemented in 90% of cell phones world-wide." xmpDM:startTime="2768867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1990 Technology using Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA) in stead of Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) used in 1G 850/900/1800/1900 MHz" xmpDM:startTime="2768867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(quad-band) Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card contained user data." xmpDM:startTime="2768867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="User could use any phone with his/her SIM card U25 U17 U9 U1 Time Frequency U2 U3 U4 U1 Frequency" xmpDM:startTime="2768867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U10 U11 U12 U13 U14 U15 U16 U18 U19 U20 U21 U22 U23" xmpDM:startTime="2768867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="U24 U26 U27 U28 U29 U30 U31 U32 Time U1 U9 U17 U25 (a) FDMA (B) TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="2768867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2769467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2769467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2769467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2770800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2770800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2770800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2770800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2770800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2770800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2770800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2770800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2771433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2771433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2771433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2772767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2772767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2772767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2772767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2772767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2772767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2772767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2772767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2777967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2777967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2777967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2788867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2788867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2788867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2788867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2788867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2788867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2788867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2788867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2792567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2792567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2792567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2806867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2806867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2806867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2806867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2806867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2806867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2806867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2806867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2846200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2846200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2846200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2851167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2851167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2851167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2851167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2851167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2851167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2851167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2851167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2959133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2959133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2959133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2959800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2959800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2959800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2959800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2959800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2959800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2959800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2959800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2960467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2960467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2960467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Global System for Mobile Communications Implemented in 90% of cell phones world-wide." xmpDM:startTime="2960800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1990 Technology using Time-Division Multiple Access (TDMA) in stead of Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) used in 1G 850/900/1800/1900 MHz" xmpDM:startTime="2960800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(quad-band) Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) card contained user data." xmpDM:startTime="2960800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="User could use any phone with his/her SIM card U25 U17 U9 U1 Time Frequency U2 U3 U4 U1 Frequency" xmpDM:startTime="2960800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="U2 U3 U4 U5 U6 U7 U8 U10 U11 U12 U13 U14 U15 U16 U18 U19 U20 U21 U22 U23" xmpDM:startTime="2960800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="U24 U26 U27 U28 U29 U30 U31 U32 Time U1 U9 U17 U25 (a) FDMA (B) TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="2960800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2962567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2962567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2962567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2962867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2962867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2962867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2962867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2962867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2962867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2962867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2962867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) provide call routing and roaming VLR+HLR+MSC functions are" xmpDM:startTime="2963033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="generally in one equipment Equipment Identity Register (EIR) contains a list of all valid mobiles." xmpDM:startTime="2963033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Authentication Center (AuC) stores the secret keys of all SIM cards." xmpDM:startTime="2963033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each handset has a International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number." xmpDM:startTime="2963033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2963033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2963900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2963900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2963900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2963900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2963900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2963900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2963900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2963900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) provide call routing and roaming VLR+HLR+MSC functions are" xmpDM:startTime="2964667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="generally in one equipment Equipment Identity Register (EIR) contains a list of all valid mobiles." xmpDM:startTime="2964667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Authentication Center (AuC) stores the secret keys of all SIM cards." xmpDM:startTime="2964667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each handset has a International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number." xmpDM:startTime="2964667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2964667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2975000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2975000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2975000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2975000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2975000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2975000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2975000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2975000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="2975500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="2975500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="2975500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="2981400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="2981400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2981400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="2981400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="2981400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="2981400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="2981400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="2981400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) provide call routing and roaming VLR+HLR+MSC functions are" xmpDM:startTime="2982067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="generally in one equipment Equipment Identity Register (EIR) contains a list of all valid mobiles." xmpDM:startTime="2982067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Authentication Center (AuC) stores the secret keys of all SIM cards." xmpDM:startTime="2982067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each handset has a International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number." xmpDM:startTime="2982067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2982067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3016400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3016400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3016400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3016400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3016400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3016400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3016400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3016400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3016533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3016533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3016533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3016533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3016533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3016533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3016533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3016533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3016533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3016533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3017033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3017033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3017033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3017033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3017033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3017033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3017033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3017033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3017867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3017867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3017867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3017867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3017867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3017867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3017867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3017867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3017867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3017867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3018100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3018100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3018100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3018100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3018100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3018100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3018100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3018100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) provide call routing and roaming VLR+HLR+MSC functions are" xmpDM:startTime="3018333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="generally in one equipment Equipment Identity Register (EIR) contains a list of all valid mobiles." xmpDM:startTime="3018333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Authentication Center (AuC) stores the secret keys of all SIM cards." xmpDM:startTime="3018333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each handset has a International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number." xmpDM:startTime="3018333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3018333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3019300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3019300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3019300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3019300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3019300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3019300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3019300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3019300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3206567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3206567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3206567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3206567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3206567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3206567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3206567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3206567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3206567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3206567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3290800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3290800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3290800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3290800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3290800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3290800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3290800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3290800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3302533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3302533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3302533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3302533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3302533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3302533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3302533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3302533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3302533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3302533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3303067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3303067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3303067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3303067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3303067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3303067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3303067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3303067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3320600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3320600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3320600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3320600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3320600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3320600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3320600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3320600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3320600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3320600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3370467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3370467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3370467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3370467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3370467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3370467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3370467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3370467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3378800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3378800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3378800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3378800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3378800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3378800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3378800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3378800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3378800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3378800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3386133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3386133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3386133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3386133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3386133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3386133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3386133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3386133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3386800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3386800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3386800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3386800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3386800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3386800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3386800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3386800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3386800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3386800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3387900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3387900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3387900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3387900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3387900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3387900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3387900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3387900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3402400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3402400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3402400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3402400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3402400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3402400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3402400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3402400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3402400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3402400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3428267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3428267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3428267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3428267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3428267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3428267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3428267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3428267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3431233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3431233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3431233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3431233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3431233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3431233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3431233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3431233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3431233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3431233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3431967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3431967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3431967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3431967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3431967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3431967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3431967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3431967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3433567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3433567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3433567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3433567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3433567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3433567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3433567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3433567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3433567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3433567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Specs Full rate vocoders  Voice is sampled at 64 kbps compressed to 16 kbps." xmpDM:startTime="3504700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Subscriber Identify Module (SIM) contains a micro-controller and storage." xmpDM:startTime="3504700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains authentication, encryption, and accounting info." xmpDM:startTime="3504700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Owners need 4-digit PIN." xmpDM:startTime="3504700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SIM cards can contain additional info such as emergency medical info." xmpDM:startTime="3504700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Assisted Handoff: Mobile sends identities of six candidate base stations for handoff." xmpDM:startTime="3504700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MSC selects." xmpDM:startTime="3504700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Short Message Service (SMS) Up to 160 characters Sent over control channel Unicast or broadcast" xmpDM:startTime="3504700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3626700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3626700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3626700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3626700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3626700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3626700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3626700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3626700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3626700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3626700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3626800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3626800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3626800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3626800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3626800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3626800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3626800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3626800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) provide call routing and roaming VLR+HLR+MSC functions are" xmpDM:startTime="3627133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="generally in one equipment Equipment Identity Register (EIR) contains a list of all valid mobiles." xmpDM:startTime="3627133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Authentication Center (AuC) stores the secret keys of all SIM cards." xmpDM:startTime="3627133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each handset has a International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number." xmpDM:startTime="3627133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3627133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3627633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3627633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3627633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3627633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3627633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3627633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3627633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3627633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) provide call routing and roaming VLR+HLR+MSC functions are" xmpDM:startTime="3641367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="generally in one equipment Equipment Identity Register (EIR) contains a list of all valid mobiles." xmpDM:startTime="3641367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Authentication Center (AuC) stores the secret keys of all SIM cards." xmpDM:startTime="3641367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each handset has a International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number." xmpDM:startTime="3641367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3641367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="3642033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="3642033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="3642033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="3642033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="3642033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="3642033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="3642033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="3642033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture Mobile Equipment Subscriber Identity Module Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Home Location Register Visitor Location Register" xmpDM:startTime="3642833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile services Switching Center Equipment Identity Register Authenti- cation Center Base Transceiver Station Base Station Controller Public Switched Telephone Network" xmpDM:startTime="3642833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Station Base Station Subsystem Network Subsystem Radio Access Network" xmpDM:startTime="3642833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) One Base transceiver station (BTS) per cell." xmpDM:startTime="3642900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One Base Station Controller (BSC) can control multiple BTSes." xmpDM:startTime="3642900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocates radio channels among BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="3642900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Manages call handoffs between BTSs." xmpDM:startTime="3642900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Controls handset power levels Mobile Switching Center (MSC) connects to PSTN and switches calls between BSCs." xmpDM:startTime="3642900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides mobile registration, location, authentication." xmpDM:startTime="3642900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains Equipment Identity Register." xmpDM:startTime="3642900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BSC MSC BSC MSC VLR HLR BTS BTS" xmpDM:startTime="3642900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont) Home Location Register (HLR) and Visitor Location Register (VLR) provide call routing and roaming VLR+HLR+MSC functions are" xmpDM:startTime="3643367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="generally in one equipment Equipment Identity Register (EIR) contains a list of all valid mobiles." xmpDM:startTime="3643367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Authentication Center (AuC) stores the secret keys of all SIM cards." xmpDM:startTime="3643367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each handset has a International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI) number." xmpDM:startTime="3643367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3643367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period Burst Period TDMA" xmpDM:startTime="3643467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frame 120/26 ms 0 1 2 10 11 12 13 14 23 24 25 Multiframe 120 ms Traffic Channels Unused" xmpDM:startTime="3643467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) Traffic Channels Tail Bits Data Bits Stealing Bits Training Sequence Stealing Bits Data Bits Tail" xmpDM:startTime="3643467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bits Guard Bits 3 57 1 26 1 57 3 8.25" xmpDM:startTime="3643467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bits Burst 15/26 ms Ref: Martin Sauter, &quot;From GSM to LTE-Advanced: An Introduction to Mobile Networks and Mobile Broadband, Revised" xmpDM:startTime="3643467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Second Edition,&quot; John Wiley &amp; Sons, August 2014, 456 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3643467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:978-1-118-86195-0 (Safari Book)." xmpDM:startTime="3643467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Preamble Well Known Pattern" xmpDM:startTime="3643467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3643667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3643667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3643667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3643667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3643667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3643667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3643667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3643667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3643667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3643667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Specs Full rate vocoders  Voice is sampled at 64 kbps compressed to 16 kbps." xmpDM:startTime="3644000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Subscriber Identify Module (SIM) contains a micro-controller and storage." xmpDM:startTime="3644000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains authentication, encryption, and accounting info." xmpDM:startTime="3644000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Owners need 4-digit PIN." xmpDM:startTime="3644000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SIM cards can contain additional info such as emergency medical info." xmpDM:startTime="3644000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Assisted Handoff: Mobile sends identities of six candidate base stations for handoff." xmpDM:startTime="3644000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MSC selects." xmpDM:startTime="3644000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Short Message Service (SMS) Up to 160 characters Sent over control channel Unicast or broadcast" xmpDM:startTime="3644000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont) 890-915 MHz uplink, 935-960 MHz downlink 25 MHz  125 × 200kHz frequency channels Each frequency" xmpDM:startTime="3644567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="channel is TDMA with burst (slot) period of 15/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3644567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Eight burst periods = TDMA frame of 120/26 ms." xmpDM:startTime="3644567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One user traffic channel = one burst period per TDMA frame." xmpDM:startTime="3644567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="26 TDMA frames  one Multiframe 24 are used for traffic, 1 for control, and 1 is unused." xmpDM:startTime="3644567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Slow Associated Control Channel (SACCH) If SACCH does not have sufficient capacity, Fast Associated Control Channel (FACCH) is used by" xmpDM:startTime="3644567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="stealing ½ of some bursts." xmpDM:startTime="3644567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stealing bits identify whether the 1/2-slot carries data or control 200 kHz = 270.8" xmpDM:startTime="3644567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps over 26 slots  9.6" xmpDM:startTime="3644567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="kbps/user after encryption and FEC overhead" xmpDM:startTime="3644567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Specs Full rate vocoders  Voice is sampled at 64 kbps compressed to 16 kbps." xmpDM:startTime="3645000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Subscriber Identify Module (SIM) contains a micro-controller and storage." xmpDM:startTime="3645000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains authentication, encryption, and accounting info." xmpDM:startTime="3645000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Owners need 4-digit PIN." xmpDM:startTime="3645000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SIM cards can contain additional info such as emergency medical info." xmpDM:startTime="3645000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Assisted Handoff: Mobile sends identities of six candidate base stations for handoff." xmpDM:startTime="3645000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MSC selects." xmpDM:startTime="3645000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Short Message Service (SMS) Up to 160 characters Sent over control channel Unicast or broadcast" xmpDM:startTime="3645000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular System Capacity Example A particular cellular system has the following characteristics: cluster size =7, uniform cell size, user density=100" xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="users/sq km, allocated frequency spectrum = 900-949 MHz, bit rate required per user = 10 kbps uplink and 10 kbps" xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="downlink, and modulation code rate = 1 bps/Hz." xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A." xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Using FDMA/FDD: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How much bandwidth is available per cell using FDD? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many users per cell can be supported using FDMA? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell area? 4." xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell radius assuming circular cells? B." xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the available spectrum is divided in to 35 channels and TDMA is employed within each channel: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the bandwidth and data rate per channel? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many time slots are needed in a TDMA frame to support the required number of users? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the TDMA frame is 10ms, how long is each user slot in the frame? 4." xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many bits are transmitted in each time slot?" xmpDM:startTime="3672667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Specs Full rate vocoders  Voice is sampled at 64 kbps compressed to 16 kbps." xmpDM:startTime="3674000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Subscriber Identify Module (SIM) contains a micro-controller and storage." xmpDM:startTime="3674000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains authentication, encryption, and accounting info." xmpDM:startTime="3674000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Owners need 4-digit PIN." xmpDM:startTime="3674000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SIM cards can contain additional info such as emergency medical info." xmpDM:startTime="3674000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Assisted Handoff: Mobile sends identities of six candidate base stations for handoff." xmpDM:startTime="3674000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MSC selects." xmpDM:startTime="3674000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Short Message Service (SMS) Up to 160 characters Sent over control channel Unicast or broadcast" xmpDM:startTime="3674000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular System Capacity Example A particular cellular system has the following characteristics: cluster size =7, uniform cell size, user density=100" xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="users/sq km, allocated frequency spectrum = 900-949 MHz, bit rate required per user = 10 kbps uplink and 10 kbps" xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="downlink, and modulation code rate = 1 bps/Hz." xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A." xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Using FDMA/FDD: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How much bandwidth is available per cell using FDD? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many users per cell can be supported using FDMA? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell area? 4." xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell radius assuming circular cells? B." xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the available spectrum is divided in to 35 channels and TDMA is employed within each channel: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the bandwidth and data rate per channel? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many time slots are needed in a TDMA frame to support the required number of users? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the TDMA frame is 10ms, how long is each user slot in the frame? 4." xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many bits are transmitted in each time slot?" xmpDM:startTime="3685033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular System Capacity (Cont) A particular cellular system has the following characteristics: cluster size =7, uniform cell size, user density=100" xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="users/sq km, allocated frequency spectrum = 900-949 MHz, bit rate required per user = 10 kbps uplink and 10 kbps" xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="downlink, and modulation code rate = 1 bps/Hz." xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A." xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Using FDMA/FDD: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How much bandwidth is available per cell using FDD? 49 MHz/7 = 7 MHz/cell FDD  3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MHz/uplink or downlink 2." xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many users per cell can be supported using FDMA? 10 kbps/user = 10 kHz  350 users per cell" xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3." xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell area? 100 users/sq km  3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sq km/cell 4." xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell radius assuming circular cells? pr2 = 3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" r = 1.056" xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="km" xmpDM:startTime="3689333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular System Capacity (Cont) B." xmpDM:startTime="3689900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the available spectrum is divided in to 35 channels and TDMA is employed within each channel: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3689900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the bandwidth and data rate per channel? 3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3689900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MHz/35 = 100 kHz/Channel = 100 kbps 2." xmpDM:startTime="3689900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many time slots are needed in a TDMA frame to support the required number of users? 10 kbps/user " xmpDM:startTime="3689900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="10 users/channel 3." xmpDM:startTime="3689900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the TDMA frame is 10ms, how long is each user slot in the frame? 10 ms/10 = 1ms 4." xmpDM:startTime="3689900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many bits are transmitted in each time slot? 1 ms x 100 kbps = 100 b/slot" xmpDM:startTime="3689900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 16C A particular cellular system has the following characteristics: cluster size =9, uniform cell size, user density=100 users/sq km," xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="allocated frequency spectrum = 900-945 MHz, bit rate required per user = 10 kbps uplink and 10 kbps downlink, and" xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="modulation code rate = 2 bps/Hz." xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A." xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Using FDMA/FDD: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How much bandwidth is available per cell using FDD? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many users per cell can be supported using FDMA? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell area 4." xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell radius assuming circular cells? B." xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the available spectrum is divided in to 100 channels and TDMA is employed within each channel: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the bandwidth and data rate per channel? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many time slots are needed in a TDMA frame to support the required number of users? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the TDMA frame is 10ms, how long is each user slot in the frame? 4." xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many bits are transmitted in each time slot?" xmpDM:startTime="3690633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular System Capacity (Cont) B." xmpDM:startTime="3691900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the available spectrum is divided in to 35 channels and TDMA is employed within each channel: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3691900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the bandwidth and data rate per channel? 3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3691900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MHz/35 = 100 kHz/Channel = 100 kbps 2." xmpDM:startTime="3691900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many time slots are needed in a TDMA frame to support the required number of users? 10 kbps/user " xmpDM:startTime="3691900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="10 users/channel 3." xmpDM:startTime="3691900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the TDMA frame is 10ms, how long is each user slot in the frame? 10 ms/10 = 1ms 4." xmpDM:startTime="3691900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many bits are transmitted in each time slot? 1 ms x 100 kbps = 100 b/slot" xmpDM:startTime="3691900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 16C A particular cellular system has the following characteristics: cluster size =9, uniform cell size, user density=100 users/sq km," xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="allocated frequency spectrum = 900-945 MHz, bit rate required per user = 10 kbps uplink and 10 kbps downlink, and" xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="modulation code rate = 2 bps/Hz." xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A." xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Using FDMA/FDD: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How much bandwidth is available per cell using FDD? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many users per cell can be supported using FDMA? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell area 4." xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell radius assuming circular cells? B." xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the available spectrum is divided in to 100 channels and TDMA is employed within each channel: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the bandwidth and data rate per channel? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many time slots are needed in a TDMA frame to support the required number of users? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the TDMA frame is 10ms, how long is each user slot in the frame? 4." xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many bits are transmitted in each time slot?" xmpDM:startTime="3692967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular System Capacity (Cont) B." xmpDM:startTime="3694533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the available spectrum is divided in to 35 channels and TDMA is employed within each channel: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3694533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the bandwidth and data rate per channel? 3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3694533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MHz/35 = 100 kHz/Channel = 100 kbps 2." xmpDM:startTime="3694533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many time slots are needed in a TDMA frame to support the required number of users? 10 kbps/user " xmpDM:startTime="3694533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="10 users/channel 3." xmpDM:startTime="3694533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the TDMA frame is 10ms, how long is each user slot in the frame? 10 ms/10 = 1ms 4." xmpDM:startTime="3694533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many bits are transmitted in each time slot? 1 ms x 100 kbps = 100 b/slot" xmpDM:startTime="3694533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular System Capacity (Cont) A particular cellular system has the following characteristics: cluster size =7, uniform cell size, user density=100" xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="users/sq km, allocated frequency spectrum = 900-949 MHz, bit rate required per user = 10 kbps uplink and 10 kbps" xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="downlink, and modulation code rate = 1 bps/Hz." xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A." xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Using FDMA/FDD: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How much bandwidth is available per cell using FDD? 49 MHz/7 = 7 MHz/cell FDD  3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MHz/uplink or downlink 2." xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many users per cell can be supported using FDMA? 10 kbps/user = 10 kHz  350 users per cell" xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3." xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell area? 100 users/sq km  3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sq km/cell 4." xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell radius assuming circular cells? pr2 = 3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" r = 1.056" xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="km" xmpDM:startTime="3694933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular System Capacity Example A particular cellular system has the following characteristics: cluster size =7, uniform cell size, user density=100" xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="users/sq km, allocated frequency spectrum = 900-949 MHz, bit rate required per user = 10 kbps uplink and 10 kbps" xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="downlink, and modulation code rate = 1 bps/Hz." xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A." xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Using FDMA/FDD: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How much bandwidth is available per cell using FDD? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many users per cell can be supported using FDMA? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell area? 4." xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell radius assuming circular cells? B." xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the available spectrum is divided in to 35 channels and TDMA is employed within each channel: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the bandwidth and data rate per channel? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many time slots are needed in a TDMA frame to support the required number of users? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the TDMA frame is 10ms, how long is each user slot in the frame? 4." xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many bits are transmitted in each time slot?" xmpDM:startTime="3695567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Specs Full rate vocoders  Voice is sampled at 64 kbps compressed to 16 kbps." xmpDM:startTime="3745267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Subscriber Identify Module (SIM) contains a micro-controller and storage." xmpDM:startTime="3745267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Contains authentication, encryption, and accounting info." xmpDM:startTime="3745267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Owners need 4-digit PIN." xmpDM:startTime="3745267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SIM cards can contain additional info such as emergency medical info." xmpDM:startTime="3745267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Assisted Handoff: Mobile sends identities of six candidate base stations for handoff." xmpDM:startTime="3745267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MSC selects." xmpDM:startTime="3745267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Short Message Service (SMS) Up to 160 characters Sent over control channel Unicast or broadcast" xmpDM:startTime="3745267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular System Capacity Example A particular cellular system has the following characteristics: cluster size =7, uniform cell size, user density=100" xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="users/sq km, allocated frequency spectrum = 900-949 MHz, bit rate required per user = 10 kbps uplink and 10 kbps" xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="downlink, and modulation code rate = 1 bps/Hz." xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A." xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Using FDMA/FDD: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How much bandwidth is available per cell using FDD? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many users per cell can be supported using FDMA? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell area? 4." xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell radius assuming circular cells? B." xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the available spectrum is divided in to 35 channels and TDMA is employed within each channel: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the bandwidth and data rate per channel? 2." xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many time slots are needed in a TDMA frame to support the required number of users? 3." xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="If the TDMA frame is 10ms, how long is each user slot in the frame? 4." xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many bits are transmitted in each time slot?" xmpDM:startTime="3746033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular System Capacity (Cont) A particular cellular system has the following characteristics: cluster size =7, uniform cell size, user density=100" xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="users/sq km, allocated frequency spectrum = 900-949 MHz, bit rate required per user = 10 kbps uplink and 10 kbps" xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="downlink, and modulation code rate = 1 bps/Hz." xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A." xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Using FDMA/FDD: 1." xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How much bandwidth is available per cell using FDD? 49 MHz/7 = 7 MHz/cell FDD  3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MHz/uplink or downlink 2." xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How many users per cell can be supported using FDMA? 10 kbps/user = 10 kHz  350 users per cell" xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3." xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell area? 100 users/sq km  3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sq km/cell 4." xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the cell radius assuming circular cells? pr2 = 3.5" xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" r = 1.056" xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="km" xmpDM:startTime="3746400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li></rdf:Seq>
                     </xmpDM:markers>
                  </rdf:Description>
               </rdf:li>
               <rdf:li>
                  <rdf:Description xmpDM:trackType="TableOfContents" xmpDM:frameRate="f1000" xmpDM:trackName="Table of Contents">
                     <xmpDM:markers>
                        <rdf:Seq>
                           <rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Introduction to  Cellular Networks:  1G/2G/3G" xmpDM:startTime="0" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="0" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="0, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Overview" xmpDM:startTime="43100" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="1" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="75, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Network Beginnings" xmpDM:startTime="57167" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="2" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="150, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initial Cellular System in US" xmpDM:startTime="131833" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="3" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="225, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Network Beginnings" xmpDM:startTime="285000" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="4" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="300, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Initial Cellular System in US" xmpDM:startTime="297267" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="5" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="375, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cell Sites" xmpDM:startTime="353633" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="6" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="450, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cells on Wheels (CoWs)" xmpDM:startTime="569033" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="7" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="525, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Macro, Micro, Pico, Femto Cells" xmpDM:startTime="591233" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="8" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="600, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Frequency Reuse " xmpDM:startTime="695633" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="9" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="675, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Characterizing Frequency Reuse" xmpDM:startTime="748167" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="10" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="750, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Frequency Reuse " xmpDM:startTime="752967" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="11" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="825, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Characterizing Frequency Reuse" xmpDM:startTime="753433" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="12" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="900, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frequency Reuse Example" xmpDM:startTime="898533" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="13" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="975, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Characterizing Frequency Reuse" xmpDM:startTime="908100" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="14" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1050, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frequency Reuse Example" xmpDM:startTime="910033" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="15" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1125, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Characterizing Frequency Reuse" xmpDM:startTime="918433" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="16" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1200, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frequency Reuse Example" xmpDM:startTime="935233" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="17" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1275, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 16A" xmpDM:startTime="969233" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="18" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1350, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frequency Reuse Notation" xmpDM:startTime="994200" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="19" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1425, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frequency Reuse Notation (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1107000" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="20" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1500, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Fractional Frequency Reuse" xmpDM:startTime="1321067" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="21" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1575, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 16B" xmpDM:startTime="1391367" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="22" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1650, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Telephony Generations" xmpDM:startTime="1400200" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="23" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1725, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1599433" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="24" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1800, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Telephony Generations" xmpDM:startTime="1601333" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="25" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1875, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1921667" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="26" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1950, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2061500" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="27" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2025, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2101667" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="28" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2100, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3.9G vs. 4G" xmpDM:startTime="2135333" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="29" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2175, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM" xmpDM:startTime="2222500" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="30" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2250, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3.9G vs. 4G" xmpDM:startTime="2223200" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="31" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2325, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2223300" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="32" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2400, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2223700" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="33" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2475, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2224367" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="34" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2550, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Telephony Generations" xmpDM:startTime="2225067" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="35" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2625, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2228400" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="36" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2700, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2228800" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="37" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2775, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Generations (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2229667" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="38" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2850, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3.9G vs. 4G" xmpDM:startTime="2230400" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="39" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2925, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM" xmpDM:startTime="2306233" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="40" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3000, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2506267" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="41" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3075, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2665100" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="42" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3150, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2673000" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="43" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3225, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2681933" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="44" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3300, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2701133" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="45" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3375, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2708867" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="46" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3450, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2720767" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="47" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3525, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2760567" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="48" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3600, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2768733" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="49" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3675, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM" xmpDM:startTime="2768867" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="50" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3750, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2769467" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="51" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3825, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2770800" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="52" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3900, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2771433" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="53" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="50, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2772767" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="54" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="125, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2777967" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="55" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="200, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2788867" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="56" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="275, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2792567" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="57" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="350, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2806867" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="58" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="425, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2846200" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="59" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="500, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2851167" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="60" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="575, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2959133" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="61" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="650, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2959800" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="62" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="725, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Cellular Architecture" xmpDM:startTime="2960467" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="63" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="800, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM" xmpDM:startTime="2960800" 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xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link" xmpDM:startTime="3018100" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="78" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1925, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3018333" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="79" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2000, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link" xmpDM:startTime="3019300" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="80" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2075, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3206567" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="81" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2150, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link" xmpDM:startTime="3290800" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="82" tscDM:imageoffset="0" 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xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link" xmpDM:startTime="3428267" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="92" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2975, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3431233" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="93" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3050, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link" xmpDM:startTime="3431967" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="94" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3125, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3433567" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="95" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3200, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Specs" xmpDM:startTime="3504700" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="96" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3275, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3626700" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="97" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3350, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link" xmpDM:startTime="3626800" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="98" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3425, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3627133" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="99" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3500, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GSM Radio Link" xmpDM:startTime="3627633" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="100" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3575, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cellular Architecture (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3641367" tscDM:image="j_16cel1_Thumbnails.png" 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