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      <rdf:Description dc:date="2019-09-18 04:36:41 PM" dc:source="Camtasia,9.1.4,enu" dc:title="m_06cee2" tscDM:firstFrame="m_06cee2_First_Frame.png" tscDM:originId="693765A9-5AAD-46AF-9EF3-544354460A8D" tscDM:project="m_06cee2.tscproj">
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                           <rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Service Attributes Bandwidth Profiles: Limits on data dates Ingress Profile: Incoming data rate Egress Profile: Outgoing data rate" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Per UNI, Per EVC or OVC, or Per EVC/OVC per Class of Service (CoS) CoS is indicated by the 3-bits" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in the priority field or 4-bit Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) Rate specified by 5 parameters Committed Information Rate (CIR)" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Committed Burst Size (CBS) Excess Information rate (EIR) Excess Burst Size (EBS) Color Mode (CM): Customer does/does not mark drop" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="eligibility indicator (DEI) 10% 10% Dropped Mark DEI CIR EIR CBS EBS Forwarded Data" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example 10% 10% Dropped Mark DEI CIR EIR CBS EBS Forwarded File A user with CIR=10 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 10 MB file at 20 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked? CBS = 2 MB = 16 Mb, EBS" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 1 MB = 8 Mb, File size = 80 Mb File time = 80 Mb/20 Mbps = 4 s" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st Bucket fill rate = 20-10 = 10 Mbps, 1st Bucket fill time = 16/10 = 1.6s" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Total output from 1st bucket = 4*10 Mbps + 16 Mb = 56 Mb (committed) = 70% 1st Bucket Overflow" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="time = 4-1.6" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 2.4s" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st bucket Overflow amount = 2.4" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="s*(20-10) Mbps = 24 Mb 2nd bucket fill Rate = 10-2 = 8 Mbps 2nd bucket fill time = Size/Rate" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 8 Mb/8 Mbps = 1 s Total output from 2nd bucket = 0*1.6" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 2*(4 - 1.6)" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 8 = 12.8" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Marked) = 16% 2nd Bucket overflow time = 4 - 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="- 1 = 1.4s" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2nd bucket overflow amount = (10-2)*1.4" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 11.2" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Dropped) = 14% Check: Total = 56+12.8+11.2" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 80 Mb Overflow from 2nd 2 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2.4" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4.0" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0.8" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0 3.2" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 6 8 10 14 16 18 20 12 Time Rate File Overflow from 1st" xmpDM:startTime="98167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6 A user with CIR=25 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2 Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 15 MB file at 30 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="833133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked?" xmpDM:startTime="833133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example 10% 10% Dropped Mark DEI CIR EIR CBS EBS Forwarded File A user with CIR=10 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 10 MB file at 20 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked? CBS = 2 MB = 16 Mb, EBS" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 1 MB = 8 Mb, File size = 80 Mb File time = 80 Mb/20 Mbps = 4 s" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st Bucket fill rate = 20-10 = 10 Mbps, 1st Bucket fill time = 16/10 = 1.6s" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Total output from 1st bucket = 4*10 Mbps + 16 Mb = 56 Mb (committed) = 70% 1st Bucket Overflow" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="time = 4-1.6" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 2.4s" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st bucket Overflow amount = 2.4" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="s*(20-10) Mbps = 24 Mb 2nd bucket fill Rate = 10-2 = 8 Mbps 2nd bucket fill time = Size/Rate" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 8 Mb/8 Mbps = 1 s Total output from 2nd bucket = 0*1.6" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 2*(4 - 1.6)" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 8 = 12.8" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Marked) = 16% 2nd Bucket overflow time = 4 - 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="- 1 = 1.4s" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2nd bucket overflow amount = (10-2)*1.4" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 11.2" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Dropped) = 14% Check: Total = 56+12.8+11.2" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 80 Mb Overflow from 2nd 2 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2.4" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4.0" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0.8" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0 3.2" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 6 8 10 14 16 18 20 12 Time Rate File Overflow from 1st" xmpDM:startTime="906967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6 A user with CIR=25 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2 Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 15 MB file at 30 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="930033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked?" xmpDM:startTime="930033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) Defined in IEEE 802.1ag," xmpDM:startTime="930633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1ah," xmpDM:startTime="930633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and ITU Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="930633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Maintenance end points (MEPs) Maintenance Intermediate Points (MIPs) Maintenance Entity Group (MEG): Level of Administration Service Provider MEG Wholesale Provider" xmpDM:startTime="930633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MEG Service Provider MEG Subscriber MEG Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider MEP" xmpDM:startTime="930633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MIP" xmpDM:startTime="930633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont) Performance Monitoring: Measure throughput and latency Connectivity Fault Management: Monitor downtime Service Fault Management Link Fault" xmpDM:startTime="1238600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Management Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider IEEE 802.1ah" xmpDM:startTime="1238600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link OAM ITU-T Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="1238600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Performance Monitoring IEEE 802.1ag" xmpDM:startTime="1238600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Connectivity Fault Management Service OAM Link OAM" xmpDM:startTime="1238600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages Continuity Check Message (CCM) in both directions (Similar to IP Ping) Link Trace Message (LTM): Locates" xmpDM:startTime="1394333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="fault." xmpDM:startTime="1394333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Trace Response (LTR) is returned by each end point and intermediate point (similar to IP trace route) Subscriber UNI-C" xmpDM:startTime="1394333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider LTM LTRs Service Provider MEG" xmpDM:startTime="1394333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Head office to Satellite offices and/or Internet Customers to Cloud Service Provider Metro Ethernet Use Cases OVCA OVCC OVCD EVC1" xmpDM:startTime="1397200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="EVC2 UNI Subscriber 1 Subscriber 2 Cloud Service Provider UNI ENNI ENNI ENNI ENNI UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Wholesale" xmpDM:startTime="1397200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Access Provider OVCB Subscriber 1 Building A UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Subscriber 1 Building B Internet UNI UNI ENNI" xmpDM:startTime="1397200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="P2P EVC Access EVC" xmpDM:startTime="1397200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages Continuity Check Message (CCM) in both directions (Similar to IP Ping) Link Trace Message (LTM): Locates" xmpDM:startTime="1398500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="fault." xmpDM:startTime="1398500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Trace Response (LTR) is returned by each end point and intermediate point (similar to IP trace route) Subscriber UNI-C" xmpDM:startTime="1398500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider LTM LTRs Service Provider MEG" xmpDM:startTime="1398500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont) Performance Monitoring: Measure throughput and latency Connectivity Fault Management: Monitor downtime Service Fault Management Link Fault" xmpDM:startTime="1401000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Management Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider IEEE 802.1ah" xmpDM:startTime="1401000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link OAM ITU-T Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="1401000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Performance Monitoring IEEE 802.1ag" xmpDM:startTime="1401000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Connectivity Fault Management Service OAM Link OAM" xmpDM:startTime="1401000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages Continuity Check Message (CCM) in both directions (Similar to IP Ping) Link Trace Message (LTM): Locates" xmpDM:startTime="1408100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="fault." xmpDM:startTime="1408100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Trace Response (LTR) is returned by each end point and intermediate point (similar to IP trace route) Subscriber UNI-C" xmpDM:startTime="1408100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider LTM LTRs Service Provider MEG" xmpDM:startTime="1408100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Head office to Satellite offices and/or Internet Customers to Cloud Service Provider Metro Ethernet Use Cases OVCA OVCC OVCD EVC1" xmpDM:startTime="1572633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="EVC2 UNI Subscriber 1 Subscriber 2 Cloud Service Provider UNI ENNI ENNI ENNI ENNI UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Wholesale" xmpDM:startTime="1572633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Access Provider OVCB Subscriber 1 Building A UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Subscriber 1 Building B Internet UNI UNI ENNI" xmpDM:startTime="1572633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="P2P EVC Access EVC" xmpDM:startTime="1572633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages Continuity Check Message (CCM) in both directions (Similar to IP Ping) Link Trace Message (LTM): Locates" xmpDM:startTime="1587067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="fault." xmpDM:startTime="1587067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Trace Response (LTR) is returned by each end point and intermediate point (similar to IP trace route) Subscriber UNI-C" xmpDM:startTime="1587067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider LTM LTRs Service Provider MEG" xmpDM:startTime="1587067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont) Performance Monitoring: Measure throughput and latency Connectivity Fault Management: Monitor downtime Service Fault Management Link Fault" xmpDM:startTime="1587333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Management Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider IEEE 802.1ah" xmpDM:startTime="1587333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link OAM ITU-T Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="1587333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Performance Monitoring IEEE 802.1ag" xmpDM:startTime="1587333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Connectivity Fault Management Service OAM Link OAM" xmpDM:startTime="1587333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) Defined in IEEE 802.1ag," xmpDM:startTime="1587567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1ah," xmpDM:startTime="1587567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and ITU Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="1587567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Maintenance end points (MEPs) Maintenance Intermediate Points (MIPs) Maintenance Entity Group (MEG): Level of Administration Service Provider MEG Wholesale Provider" xmpDM:startTime="1587567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MEG Service Provider MEG Subscriber MEG Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider MEP" xmpDM:startTime="1587567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MIP" xmpDM:startTime="1587567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6 A user with CIR=25 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2 Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 15 MB file at 30 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="1588100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked?" xmpDM:startTime="1588100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example 10% 10% Dropped Mark DEI CIR EIR CBS EBS Forwarded File A user with CIR=10 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 10 MB file at 20 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked? CBS = 2 MB = 16 Mb, EBS" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 1 MB = 8 Mb, File size = 80 Mb File time = 80 Mb/20 Mbps = 4 s" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st Bucket fill rate = 20-10 = 10 Mbps, 1st Bucket fill time = 16/10 = 1.6s" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Total output from 1st bucket = 4*10 Mbps + 16 Mb = 56 Mb (committed) = 70% 1st Bucket Overflow" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="time = 4-1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 2.4s" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st bucket Overflow amount = 2.4" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="s*(20-10) Mbps = 24 Mb 2nd bucket fill Rate = 10-2 = 8 Mbps 2nd bucket fill time = Size/Rate" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 8 Mb/8 Mbps = 1 s Total output from 2nd bucket = 0*1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 2*(4 - 1.6)" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 8 = 12.8" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Marked) = 16% 2nd Bucket overflow time = 4 - 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="- 1 = 1.4s" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2nd bucket overflow amount = (10-2)*1.4" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 11.2" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Dropped) = 14% Check: Total = 56+12.8+11.2" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 80 Mb Overflow from 2nd 2 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2.4" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4.0" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0.8" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0 3.2" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 6 8 10 14 16 18 20 12 Time Rate File Overflow from 1st" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Service Attributes Bandwidth Profiles: Limits on data dates Ingress Profile: Incoming data rate Egress Profile: Outgoing data rate" xmpDM:startTime="1589000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Per UNI, Per EVC or OVC, or Per EVC/OVC per Class of Service (CoS) CoS is indicated by the 3-bits" xmpDM:startTime="1589000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in the priority field or 4-bit Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) Rate specified by 5 parameters Committed Information Rate (CIR)" xmpDM:startTime="1589000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Committed Burst Size (CBS) Excess Information rate (EIR) Excess Burst Size (EBS) Color Mode (CM): Customer does/does not mark drop" xmpDM:startTime="1589000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="eligibility indicator (DEI) 10% 10% Dropped Mark DEI CIR EIR CBS EBS Forwarded Data" xmpDM:startTime="1589000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Virtual Connections (EVCs) Port-based ECs: Forwarding not based on VLANs." xmpDM:startTime="1590233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frames delivered to remote UNI/ENNI for P2P or Based on destination address for P2MP VLAN-based ECs: Forwarding based on VLAN" xmpDM:startTime="1590233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="tag." xmpDM:startTime="1590233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" Multiple Virtual UNIs  Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC) More cost-effective for Enterprise customers Types of EVCs: Ethernet Virtual Private" xmpDM:startTime="1590233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Line (EVPL) Ethernet Virtual Private Tree (EVP-Tree) Ethernet Virtual Private LAN (EVPLAN) Access Ethernet Virtual Private Line (Access EVPL) Note:" xmpDM:startTime="1590233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Service providers always share an ENNI for multiple connections  OVCs are always virtual  No OCs EVC UNI EVC" xmpDM:startTime="1590233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="EVC" xmpDM:startTime="1590233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Service Attributes Bandwidth Profiles: Limits on data dates Ingress Profile: Incoming data rate Egress Profile: Outgoing data rate" xmpDM:startTime="1604233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Per UNI, Per EVC or OVC, or Per EVC/OVC per Class of Service (CoS) CoS is indicated by the 3-bits" xmpDM:startTime="1604233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in the priority field or 4-bit Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) Rate specified by 5 parameters Committed Information Rate (CIR)" xmpDM:startTime="1604233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Committed Burst Size (CBS) Excess Information rate (EIR) Excess Burst Size (EBS) Color Mode (CM): Customer does/does not mark drop" xmpDM:startTime="1604233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="eligibility indicator (DEI) 10% 10% Dropped Mark DEI CIR EIR CBS EBS Forwarded Data" xmpDM:startTime="1604233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example 10% 10% Dropped Mark DEI CIR EIR CBS EBS Forwarded File A user with CIR=10 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 10 MB file at 20 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked? CBS = 2 MB = 16 Mb, EBS" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 1 MB = 8 Mb, File size = 80 Mb File time = 80 Mb/20 Mbps = 4 s" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st Bucket fill rate = 20-10 = 10 Mbps, 1st Bucket fill time = 16/10 = 1.6s" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Total output from 1st bucket = 4*10 Mbps + 16 Mb = 56 Mb (committed) = 70% 1st Bucket Overflow" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="time = 4-1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 2.4s" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st bucket Overflow amount = 2.4" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="s*(20-10) Mbps = 24 Mb 2nd bucket fill Rate = 10-2 = 8 Mbps 2nd bucket fill time = Size/Rate" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 8 Mb/8 Mbps = 1 s Total output from 2nd bucket = 0*1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 2*(4 - 1.6)" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 8 = 12.8" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Marked) = 16% 2nd Bucket overflow time = 4 - 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="- 1 = 1.4s" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2nd bucket overflow amount = (10-2)*1.4" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 11.2" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Dropped) = 14% Check: Total = 56+12.8+11.2" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 80 Mb Overflow from 2nd 2 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2.4" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4.0" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0.8" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0 3.2" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 6 8 10 14 16 18 20 12 Time Rate File Overflow from 1st" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6 A user with CIR=25 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2 Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 15 MB file at 30 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="1604933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked?" xmpDM:startTime="1604933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) Defined in IEEE 802.1ag," xmpDM:startTime="1605367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1ah," xmpDM:startTime="1605367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and ITU Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="1605367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Maintenance end points (MEPs) Maintenance Intermediate Points (MIPs) Maintenance Entity Group (MEG): Level of Administration Service Provider MEG Wholesale Provider" xmpDM:startTime="1605367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MEG Service Provider MEG Subscriber MEG Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider MEP" xmpDM:startTime="1605367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MIP" xmpDM:startTime="1605367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont) Performance Monitoring: Measure throughput and latency Connectivity Fault Management: Monitor downtime Service Fault Management Link Fault" xmpDM:startTime="1605700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Management Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider IEEE 802.1ah" xmpDM:startTime="1605700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link OAM ITU-T Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="1605700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Performance Monitoring IEEE 802.1ag" xmpDM:startTime="1605700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Connectivity Fault Management Service OAM Link OAM" xmpDM:startTime="1605700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages Continuity Check Message (CCM) in both directions (Similar to IP Ping) Link Trace Message (LTM): Locates" xmpDM:startTime="1606367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="fault." xmpDM:startTime="1606367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Trace Response (LTR) is returned by each end point and intermediate point (similar to IP trace route) Subscriber UNI-C" xmpDM:startTime="1606367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider LTM LTRs Service Provider MEG" xmpDM:startTime="1606367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Head office to Satellite offices and/or Internet Customers to Cloud Service Provider Metro Ethernet Use Cases OVCA OVCC OVCD EVC1" xmpDM:startTime="1608300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="EVC2 UNI Subscriber 1 Subscriber 2 Cloud Service Provider UNI ENNI ENNI ENNI ENNI UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Wholesale" xmpDM:startTime="1608300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Access Provider OVCB Subscriber 1 Building A UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Subscriber 1 Building B Internet UNI UNI ENNI" xmpDM:startTime="1608300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="P2P EVC Access EVC" xmpDM:startTime="1608300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Provider Bridge (PB) IEEE 802.1ad-2005" xmpDM:startTime="1608867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="incorporated in IEEE 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="1608867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Problem: Multiple customers may have the same VLAN ID." xmpDM:startTime="1608867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How to keep them separate? Solutions: VLAN translation: Change customer VLANs to provider VLANs and back VLAN Encapsulation: Encapsulate customer" xmpDM:startTime="1608867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frames Service Provider Customer A VLANs 1-100 Customer B VLANs 1-100 S-VLAN 2 S-VLAN 1 CE PE PE CE PE" xmpDM:startTime="1608867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="CE CE PE Customer A VLANs 1-100 Customer B VLANs 1-100" xmpDM:startTime="1608867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Head office to Satellite offices and/or Internet Customers to Cloud Service Provider Metro Ethernet Use Cases OVCA OVCC OVCD EVC1" xmpDM:startTime="1609967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="EVC2 UNI Subscriber 1 Subscriber 2 Cloud Service Provider UNI ENNI ENNI ENNI ENNI UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Wholesale" xmpDM:startTime="1609967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Access Provider OVCB Subscriber 1 Building A UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Subscriber 1 Building B Internet UNI UNI ENNI" xmpDM:startTime="1609967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="P2P EVC Access EVC" xmpDM:startTime="1609967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Provider Bridge (PB) IEEE 802.1ad-2005" xmpDM:startTime="1764067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="incorporated in IEEE 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="1764067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Problem: Multiple customers may have the same VLAN ID." xmpDM:startTime="1764067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How to keep them separate? Solutions: VLAN translation: Change customer VLANs to provider VLANs and back VLAN Encapsulation: Encapsulate customer" xmpDM:startTime="1764067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frames Service Provider Customer A VLANs 1-100 Customer B VLANs 1-100 S-VLAN 2 S-VLAN 1 CE PE PE CE PE" xmpDM:startTime="1764067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="CE CE PE Customer A VLANs 1-100 Customer B VLANs 1-100" xmpDM:startTime="1764067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Head office to Satellite offices and/or Internet Customers to Cloud Service Provider Metro Ethernet Use Cases OVCA OVCC OVCD EVC1" xmpDM:startTime="1766333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="EVC2 UNI Subscriber 1 Subscriber 2 Cloud Service Provider UNI ENNI ENNI ENNI ENNI UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Wholesale" xmpDM:startTime="1766333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Access Provider OVCB Subscriber 1 Building A UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Subscriber 1 Building B Internet UNI UNI ENNI" xmpDM:startTime="1766333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="P2P EVC Access EVC" xmpDM:startTime="1766333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages Continuity Check Message (CCM) in both directions (Similar to IP Ping) Link Trace Message (LTM): Locates" xmpDM:startTime="1769267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="fault." xmpDM:startTime="1769267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Trace Response (LTR) is returned by each end point and intermediate point (similar to IP trace route) Subscriber UNI-C" xmpDM:startTime="1769267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider LTM LTRs Service Provider MEG" xmpDM:startTime="1769267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont) Performance Monitoring: Measure throughput and latency Connectivity Fault Management: Monitor downtime Service Fault Management Link Fault" xmpDM:startTime="1769800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Management Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider IEEE 802.1ah" xmpDM:startTime="1769800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link OAM ITU-T Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="1769800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Performance Monitoring IEEE 802.1ag" xmpDM:startTime="1769800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Connectivity Fault Management Service OAM Link OAM" xmpDM:startTime="1769800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) Defined in IEEE 802.1ag," xmpDM:startTime="1770300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1ah," xmpDM:startTime="1770300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and ITU Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="1770300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Maintenance end points (MEPs) Maintenance Intermediate Points (MIPs) Maintenance Entity Group (MEG): Level of Administration Service Provider MEG Wholesale Provider" xmpDM:startTime="1770300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MEG Service Provider MEG Subscriber MEG Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider MEP" xmpDM:startTime="1770300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MIP" xmpDM:startTime="1770300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6 A user with CIR=25 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2 Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 15 MB file at 30 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="1770800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked?" xmpDM:startTime="1770800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example 10% 10% Dropped Mark DEI CIR EIR CBS EBS Forwarded File A user with CIR=10 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 10 MB file at 20 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked? CBS = 2 MB = 16 Mb, EBS" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 1 MB = 8 Mb, File size = 80 Mb File time = 80 Mb/20 Mbps = 4 s" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st Bucket fill rate = 20-10 = 10 Mbps, 1st Bucket fill time = 16/10 = 1.6s" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Total output from 1st bucket = 4*10 Mbps + 16 Mb = 56 Mb (committed) = 70% 1st Bucket Overflow" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="time = 4-1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 2.4s" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st bucket Overflow amount = 2.4" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="s*(20-10) Mbps = 24 Mb 2nd bucket fill Rate = 10-2 = 8 Mbps 2nd bucket fill time = Size/Rate" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 8 Mb/8 Mbps = 1 s Total output from 2nd bucket = 0*1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 2*(4 - 1.6)" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 8 = 12.8" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Marked) = 16% 2nd Bucket overflow time = 4 - 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="- 1 = 1.4s" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2nd bucket overflow amount = (10-2)*1.4" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 11.2" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Dropped) = 14% Check: Total = 56+12.8+11.2" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 80 Mb Overflow from 2nd 2 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2.4" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4.0" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0.8" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0 3.2" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 6 8 10 14 16 18 20 12 Time Rate File Overflow from 1st" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Service Attributes Bandwidth Profiles: Limits on data dates Ingress Profile: Incoming data rate Egress Profile: Outgoing data rate" xmpDM:startTime="1771833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Per UNI, Per EVC or OVC, or Per EVC/OVC per Class of Service (CoS) CoS is indicated by the 3-bits" xmpDM:startTime="1771833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in the priority field or 4-bit Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) Rate specified by 5 parameters Committed Information Rate (CIR)" xmpDM:startTime="1771833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Committed Burst Size (CBS) Excess Information rate (EIR) Excess Burst Size (EBS) Color Mode (CM): Customer does/does not mark drop" xmpDM:startTime="1771833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="eligibility indicator (DEI) 10% 10% Dropped Mark DEI CIR EIR CBS EBS Forwarded Data" xmpDM:startTime="1771833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Virtual Connections (EVCs) Port-based ECs: Forwarding not based on VLANs." xmpDM:startTime="1773500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Frames delivered to remote UNI/ENNI for P2P or Based on destination address for P2MP VLAN-based ECs: Forwarding based on VLAN" xmpDM:startTime="1773500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="tag." xmpDM:startTime="1773500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" Multiple Virtual UNIs  Ethernet Virtual Connection (EVC) More cost-effective for Enterprise customers Types of EVCs: Ethernet Virtual Private" xmpDM:startTime="1773500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Line (EVPL) Ethernet Virtual Private Tree (EVP-Tree) Ethernet Virtual Private LAN (EVPLAN) Access Ethernet Virtual Private Line (Access EVPL) Note:" xmpDM:startTime="1773500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Service providers always share an ENNI for multiple connections  OVCs are always virtual  No OCs EVC UNI EVC" xmpDM:startTime="1773500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="EVC" xmpDM:startTime="1773500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Service Attributes Bandwidth Profiles: Limits on data dates Ingress Profile: Incoming data rate Egress Profile: Outgoing data rate" xmpDM:startTime="1849667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Per UNI, Per EVC or OVC, or Per EVC/OVC per Class of Service (CoS) CoS is indicated by the 3-bits" xmpDM:startTime="1849667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in the priority field or 4-bit Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP) Rate specified by 5 parameters Committed Information Rate (CIR)" xmpDM:startTime="1849667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Committed Burst Size (CBS) Excess Information rate (EIR) Excess Burst Size (EBS) Color Mode (CM): Customer does/does not mark drop" xmpDM:startTime="1849667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="eligibility indicator (DEI) 10% 10% Dropped Mark DEI CIR EIR CBS EBS Forwarded Data" xmpDM:startTime="1849667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example 10% 10% Dropped Mark DEI CIR EIR CBS EBS Forwarded File A user with CIR=10 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 10 MB file at 20 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked? CBS = 2 MB = 16 Mb, EBS" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 1 MB = 8 Mb, File size = 80 Mb File time = 80 Mb/20 Mbps = 4 s" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st Bucket fill rate = 20-10 = 10 Mbps, 1st Bucket fill time = 16/10 = 1.6s" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Total output from 1st bucket = 4*10 Mbps + 16 Mb = 56 Mb (committed) = 70% 1st Bucket Overflow" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="time = 4-1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 2.4s" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1st bucket Overflow amount = 2.4" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="s*(20-10) Mbps = 24 Mb 2nd bucket fill Rate = 10-2 = 8 Mbps 2nd bucket fill time = Size/Rate" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 8 Mb/8 Mbps = 1 s Total output from 2nd bucket = 0*1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 2*(4 - 1.6)" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="+ 8 = 12.8" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Marked) = 16% 2nd Bucket overflow time = 4 - 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="- 1 = 1.4s" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2nd bucket overflow amount = (10-2)*1.4" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 11.2" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mb (Dropped) = 14% Check: Total = 56+12.8+11.2" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= 80 Mb Overflow from 2nd 2 1.6" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2.4" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4.0" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0.8" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="0 3.2" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 6 8 10 14 16 18 20 12 Time Rate File Overflow from 1st" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6 A user with CIR=25 Mbps, CBS=2 MB, EIR=2 Mbps, EBS=1MB, sends a 15 MB file at 30 Mbps." xmpDM:startTime="1850933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What percent of packets will be dropped? What percent will be marked?" xmpDM:startTime="1850933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) Defined in IEEE 802.1ag," xmpDM:startTime="1851400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1ah," xmpDM:startTime="1851400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and ITU Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="1851400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Maintenance end points (MEPs) Maintenance Intermediate Points (MIPs) Maintenance Entity Group (MEG): Level of Administration Service Provider MEG Wholesale Provider" xmpDM:startTime="1851400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MEG Service Provider MEG Subscriber MEG Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider MEP" xmpDM:startTime="1851400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MIP" xmpDM:startTime="1851400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont) Performance Monitoring: Measure throughput and latency Connectivity Fault Management: Monitor downtime Service Fault Management Link Fault" xmpDM:startTime="1852067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Management Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider IEEE 802.1ah" xmpDM:startTime="1852067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link OAM ITU-T Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="1852067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Performance Monitoring IEEE 802.1ag" xmpDM:startTime="1852067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Connectivity Fault Management Service OAM Link OAM" xmpDM:startTime="1852067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages Continuity Check Message (CCM) in both directions (Similar to IP Ping) Link Trace Message (LTM): Locates" xmpDM:startTime="1852633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="fault." xmpDM:startTime="1852633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Trace Response (LTR) is returned by each end point and intermediate point (similar to IP trace route) Subscriber UNI-C" xmpDM:startTime="1852633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider LTM LTRs Service Provider MEG" xmpDM:startTime="1852633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Head office to Satellite offices and/or Internet Customers to Cloud Service Provider Metro Ethernet Use Cases OVCA OVCC OVCD EVC1" xmpDM:startTime="1853067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="EVC2 UNI Subscriber 1 Subscriber 2 Cloud Service Provider UNI ENNI ENNI ENNI ENNI UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Wholesale" xmpDM:startTime="1853067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Access Provider OVCB Subscriber 1 Building A UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Subscriber 1 Building B Internet UNI UNI ENNI" xmpDM:startTime="1853067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="P2P EVC Access EVC" xmpDM:startTime="1853067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Provider Bridge (PB) IEEE 802.1ad-2005" xmpDM:startTime="1854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="incorporated in IEEE 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="1854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Problem: Multiple customers may have the same VLAN ID." xmpDM:startTime="1854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How to keep them separate? Solutions: VLAN translation: Change customer VLANs to provider VLANs and back VLAN Encapsulation: Encapsulate customer" xmpDM:startTime="1854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frames Service Provider Customer A VLANs 1-100 Customer B VLANs 1-100 S-VLAN 2 S-VLAN 1 CE PE PE CE PE" xmpDM:startTime="1854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="CE CE PE Customer A VLANs 1-100 Customer B VLANs 1-100" xmpDM:startTime="1854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Bridge (Cont) Q-in-Q Encapsulation: Provider inserts a service VLAN tag VLAN translation Changes VLANs using a table Allows 4K" xmpDM:startTime="2232933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="customers to be serviced." xmpDM:startTime="2232933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Total 16M VLANs 8 Traffic Classes using Differentiated Services Code Points (DSCP) for Assured Forwarding Priority CFI S-VLAN ID S-Tag" xmpDM:startTime="2232933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3b 1b 12b Type 88A8 Type 8100 C-DA C-SA S-VID C-VID Type Payload 48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 16b 16b" xmpDM:startTime="2232933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2232933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Backbone Network (PBB) Problem: Number of MAC addresses passing through backbone bridges is too large for all core bridge" xmpDM:startTime="2421133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to remember Broadcast and flooded (unknown address) frames give unwanted traffic and security issues Solution: IEEE 802.1ah-2008" xmpDM:startTime="2421133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="now in 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="2421133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Add new source/destination MAC addresses pointing to ingress backbone bridge and egress backbone bridge Core bridges only know edge bridge" xmpDM:startTime="2421133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="addresses Subscriber Provider Backbone Provider Subscriber Subscriber Subscriber Provider Provider Subscriber" xmpDM:startTime="2421133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Bridge (Cont) Q-in-Q Encapsulation: Provider inserts a service VLAN tag VLAN translation Changes VLANs using a table Allows 4K" xmpDM:startTime="2424600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="customers to be serviced." xmpDM:startTime="2424600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Total 16M VLANs 8 Traffic Classes using Differentiated Services Code Points (DSCP) for Assured Forwarding Priority CFI S-VLAN ID S-Tag" xmpDM:startTime="2424600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3b 1b 12b Type 88A8 Type 8100 C-DA C-SA S-VID C-VID Type Payload 48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 16b 16b" xmpDM:startTime="2424600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2424600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Backbone Network (PBB) Problem: Number of MAC addresses passing through backbone bridges is too large for all core bridge" xmpDM:startTime="2502067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to remember Broadcast and flooded (unknown address) frames give unwanted traffic and security issues Solution: IEEE 802.1ah-2008" xmpDM:startTime="2502067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="now in 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="2502067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Add new source/destination MAC addresses pointing to ingress backbone bridge and egress backbone bridge Core bridges only know edge bridge" xmpDM:startTime="2502067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="addresses Subscriber Provider Backbone Provider Subscriber Subscriber Subscriber Provider Provider Subscriber" xmpDM:startTime="2502067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Bridge (Cont) Q-in-Q Encapsulation: Provider inserts a service VLAN tag VLAN translation Changes VLANs using a table Allows 4K" xmpDM:startTime="2568400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="customers to be serviced." xmpDM:startTime="2568400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Total 16M VLANs 8 Traffic Classes using Differentiated Services Code Points (DSCP) for Assured Forwarding Priority CFI S-VLAN ID S-Tag" xmpDM:startTime="2568400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3b 1b 12b Type 88A8 Type 8100 C-DA C-SA S-VID C-VID Type Payload 48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 16b 16b" xmpDM:startTime="2568400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2568400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Backbone Network (PBB) Problem: Number of MAC addresses passing through backbone bridges is too large for all core bridge" xmpDM:startTime="2593500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to remember Broadcast and flooded (unknown address) frames give unwanted traffic and security issues Solution: IEEE 802.1ah-2008" xmpDM:startTime="2593500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="now in 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="2593500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Add new source/destination MAC addresses pointing to ingress backbone bridge and egress backbone bridge Core bridges only know edge bridge" xmpDM:startTime="2593500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="addresses Subscriber Provider Backbone Provider Subscriber Subscriber Subscriber Provider Provider Subscriber" xmpDM:startTime="2593500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC Frame Format Backbone edge bridges (BEB) forward to other BEB’s and learn customer MAC addresses  Backbone core bridges" xmpDM:startTime="2638433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(BCB) do not learn customer MACs B-DA = Destination backbone bridge address Determined by Customer Destination Address Backbone VLANs delimit" xmpDM:startTime="2638433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the broadcast domains in the backbone Type 88A8 Type 88E7 B-DA B-SA B-VID Core switches forward based on Backbone Destination" xmpDM:startTime="2638433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridge Address and Backbone-VLAN ID (60 bits) Similar to 802.1ad" xmpDM:startTime="2638433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Q-in-Q." xmpDM:startTime="2638433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Therefore, same EtherType." xmpDM:startTime="2638433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 24b I-Tag Core Core Edge Edge Edge Edge Type 88A8 Type 8100 I-SID C-DA C-SA" xmpDM:startTime="2638433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="S-VID C-VID Type Payload 48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 16b 16b Backbone Flags 8b" xmpDM:startTime="2638433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB Service Instance 24-bit Service instance ID (I-SID) indicates a specific flow All frames on a specific port, or All" xmpDM:startTime="3130500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frames on a specific port with a specific service VLAN, or All frames on a specific port with a specific" xmpDM:startTime="3130500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="service VLAN and a specific customer VLAN B-VLAN=1 B-VLAN=3 B-VLAN=6 B-VLAN=4 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Service Instance Mapping" xmpDM:startTime="3130500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3130500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC (Cont) Each Backbone VLANs (B-VLAN) can carry multiple services 24-bit SID  224 Service Instances in the backbone I-Tag" xmpDM:startTime="3458667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="format: I-Tag not looked at in the core." xmpDM:startTime="3458667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Includes C-DA+C-SA." xmpDM:startTime="3458667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="UCA=1  Use customer addresses (used in CFM in the Edge) BEB BEB BEB BEB BEB BEB B-VLAN1 B-VLAN2 SIDA" xmpDM:startTime="3458667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SIDA SIDB SIDC SIDD SIDD SIDC SIDB SIDB BCB Priority Code Point (I-PCP) Drop Eligibility Indicator (I-DEI) Use Customer Address" xmpDM:startTime="3458667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(UCA) Reserved 2 Service Instance ID (I-SID) Customer Destination Address (C-DA) Customer Source Address (C-SA) Reserved 1 3b 1b 1b" xmpDM:startTime="3458667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1b 2b 24b 48b 48b" xmpDM:startTime="3458667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB Service Instance 24-bit Service instance ID (I-SID) indicates a specific flow All frames on a specific port, or All" xmpDM:startTime="3634100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frames on a specific port with a specific service VLAN, or All frames on a specific port with a specific" xmpDM:startTime="3634100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="service VLAN and a specific customer VLAN B-VLAN=1 B-VLAN=3 B-VLAN=6 B-VLAN=4 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Service Instance Mapping" xmpDM:startTime="3634100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3634100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC Frame Format Backbone edge bridges (BEB) forward to other BEB’s and learn customer MAC addresses  Backbone core bridges" xmpDM:startTime="3634367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(BCB) do not learn customer MACs B-DA = Destination backbone bridge address Determined by Customer Destination Address Backbone VLANs delimit" xmpDM:startTime="3634367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the broadcast domains in the backbone Type 88A8 Type 88E7 B-DA B-SA B-VID Core switches forward based on Backbone Destination" xmpDM:startTime="3634367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridge Address and Backbone-VLAN ID (60 bits) Similar to 802.1ad" xmpDM:startTime="3634367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Q-in-Q." xmpDM:startTime="3634367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Therefore, same EtherType." xmpDM:startTime="3634367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 24b I-Tag Core Core Edge Edge Edge Edge Type 88A8 Type 8100 I-SID C-DA C-SA" xmpDM:startTime="3634367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="S-VID C-VID Type Payload 48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 16b 16b Backbone Flags 8b" xmpDM:startTime="3634367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB Service Instance 24-bit Service instance ID (I-SID) indicates a specific flow All frames on a specific port, or All" xmpDM:startTime="3683500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frames on a specific port with a specific service VLAN, or All frames on a specific port with a specific" xmpDM:startTime="3683500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="service VLAN and a specific customer VLAN B-VLAN=1 B-VLAN=3 B-VLAN=6 B-VLAN=4 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Service Instance Mapping" xmpDM:startTime="3683500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3683500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC (Cont) Each Backbone VLANs (B-VLAN) can carry multiple services 24-bit SID  224 Service Instances in the backbone I-Tag" xmpDM:startTime="3684833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="format: I-Tag not looked at in the core." xmpDM:startTime="3684833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Includes C-DA+C-SA." xmpDM:startTime="3684833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="UCA=1  Use customer addresses (used in CFM in the Edge) BEB BEB BEB BEB BEB BEB B-VLAN1 B-VLAN2 SIDA" xmpDM:startTime="3684833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SIDA SIDB SIDC SIDD SIDD SIDC SIDB SIDB BCB Priority Code Point (I-PCP) Drop Eligibility Indicator (I-DEI) Use Customer Address" xmpDM:startTime="3684833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(UCA) Reserved 2 Service Instance ID (I-SID) Customer Destination Address (C-DA) Customer Source Address (C-SA) Reserved 1 3b 1b 1b" xmpDM:startTime="3684833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1b 2b 24b 48b 48b" xmpDM:startTime="3684833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB Service Instance 24-bit Service instance ID (I-SID) indicates a specific flow All frames on a specific port, or All" xmpDM:startTime="3842933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frames on a specific port with a specific service VLAN, or All frames on a specific port with a specific" xmpDM:startTime="3842933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="service VLAN and a specific customer VLAN B-VLAN=1 B-VLAN=3 B-VLAN=6 B-VLAN=4 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Service Instance Mapping" xmpDM:startTime="3842933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3842933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC Frame Format Backbone edge bridges (BEB) forward to other BEB’s and learn customer MAC addresses  Backbone core bridges" xmpDM:startTime="3843167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(BCB) do not learn customer MACs B-DA = Destination backbone bridge address Determined by Customer Destination Address Backbone VLANs delimit" xmpDM:startTime="3843167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the broadcast domains in the backbone Type 88A8 Type 88E7 B-DA B-SA B-VID Core switches forward based on Backbone Destination" xmpDM:startTime="3843167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridge Address and Backbone-VLAN ID (60 bits) Similar to 802.1ad" xmpDM:startTime="3843167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Q-in-Q." xmpDM:startTime="3843167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Therefore, same EtherType." xmpDM:startTime="3843167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 24b I-Tag Core Core Edge Edge Edge Edge Type 88A8 Type 8100 I-SID C-DA C-SA" xmpDM:startTime="3843167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="S-VID C-VID Type Payload 48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 16b 16b Backbone Flags 8b" xmpDM:startTime="3843167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Backbone Network (PBB) Problem: Number of MAC addresses passing through backbone bridges is too large for all core bridge" xmpDM:startTime="3843500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to remember Broadcast and flooded (unknown address) frames give unwanted traffic and security issues Solution: IEEE 802.1ah-2008" xmpDM:startTime="3843500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="now in 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3843500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Add new source/destination MAC addresses pointing to ingress backbone bridge and egress backbone bridge Core bridges only know edge bridge" xmpDM:startTime="3843500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="addresses Subscriber Provider Backbone Provider Subscriber Subscriber Subscriber Provider Provider Subscriber" xmpDM:startTime="3843500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Bridge (Cont) Q-in-Q Encapsulation: Provider inserts a service VLAN tag VLAN translation Changes VLANs using a table Allows 4K" xmpDM:startTime="3843933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="customers to be serviced." xmpDM:startTime="3843933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Total 16M VLANs 8 Traffic Classes using Differentiated Services Code Points (DSCP) for Assured Forwarding Priority CFI S-VLAN ID S-Tag" xmpDM:startTime="3843933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3b 1b 12b Type 88A8 Type 8100 C-DA C-SA S-VID C-VID Type Payload 48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 16b 16b" xmpDM:startTime="3843933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3843933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Provider Bridge (PB) IEEE 802.1ad-2005" xmpDM:startTime="3844400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="incorporated in IEEE 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3844400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Problem: Multiple customers may have the same VLAN ID." xmpDM:startTime="3844400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How to keep them separate? Solutions: VLAN translation: Change customer VLANs to provider VLANs and back VLAN Encapsulation: Encapsulate customer" xmpDM:startTime="3844400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frames Service Provider Customer A VLANs 1-100 Customer B VLANs 1-100 S-VLAN 2 S-VLAN 1 CE PE PE CE PE" xmpDM:startTime="3844400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="CE CE PE Customer A VLANs 1-100 Customer B VLANs 1-100" xmpDM:startTime="3844400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Head office to Satellite offices and/or Internet Customers to Cloud Service Provider Metro Ethernet Use Cases OVCA OVCC OVCD EVC1" xmpDM:startTime="3844900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="EVC2 UNI Subscriber 1 Subscriber 2 Cloud Service Provider UNI ENNI ENNI ENNI ENNI UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Wholesale" xmpDM:startTime="3844900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Access Provider OVCB Subscriber 1 Building A UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Subscriber 1 Building B Internet UNI UNI ENNI" xmpDM:startTime="3844900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="P2P EVC Access EVC" xmpDM:startTime="3844900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages Continuity Check Message (CCM) in both directions (Similar to IP Ping) Link Trace Message (LTM): Locates" xmpDM:startTime="3845767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="fault." xmpDM:startTime="3845767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Trace Response (LTR) is returned by each end point and intermediate point (similar to IP trace route) Subscriber UNI-C" xmpDM:startTime="3845767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider LTM LTRs Service Provider MEG" xmpDM:startTime="3845767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont) Performance Monitoring: Measure throughput and latency Connectivity Fault Management: Monitor downtime Service Fault Management Link Fault" xmpDM:startTime="3852967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Management Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider IEEE 802.1ah" xmpDM:startTime="3852967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link OAM ITU-T Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="3852967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Performance Monitoring IEEE 802.1ag" xmpDM:startTime="3852967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Connectivity Fault Management Service OAM Link OAM" xmpDM:startTime="3852967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Operation, Administration and Maintenance (OAM) Defined in IEEE 802.1ag," xmpDM:startTime="3854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1ah," xmpDM:startTime="3854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and ITU Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="3854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Maintenance end points (MEPs) Maintenance Intermediate Points (MIPs) Maintenance Entity Group (MEG): Level of Administration Service Provider MEG Wholesale Provider" xmpDM:startTime="3854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MEG Service Provider MEG Subscriber MEG Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider MEP" xmpDM:startTime="3854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MIP" xmpDM:startTime="3854133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont) Performance Monitoring: Measure throughput and latency Connectivity Fault Management: Monitor downtime Service Fault Management Link Fault" xmpDM:startTime="3857400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Management Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider IEEE 802.1ah" xmpDM:startTime="3857400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link OAM ITU-T Y.1731" xmpDM:startTime="3857400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Performance Monitoring IEEE 802.1ag" xmpDM:startTime="3857400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="End-to-End Connectivity Fault Management Service OAM Link OAM" xmpDM:startTime="3857400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages Continuity Check Message (CCM) in both directions (Similar to IP Ping) Link Trace Message (LTM): Locates" xmpDM:startTime="3887800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="fault." xmpDM:startTime="3887800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Trace Response (LTR) is returned by each end point and intermediate point (similar to IP trace route) Subscriber UNI-C" xmpDM:startTime="3887800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N ENNI Wholesale Service Provider LTM LTRs Service Provider MEG" xmpDM:startTime="3887800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Head office to Satellite offices and/or Internet Customers to Cloud Service Provider Metro Ethernet Use Cases OVCA OVCC OVCD EVC1" xmpDM:startTime="3888233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="EVC2 UNI Subscriber 1 Subscriber 2 Cloud Service Provider UNI ENNI ENNI ENNI ENNI UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Wholesale" xmpDM:startTime="3888233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Access Provider OVCB Subscriber 1 Building A UNI UNI Retail Service Provider Subscriber 1 Building B Internet UNI UNI ENNI" xmpDM:startTime="3888233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="P2P EVC Access EVC" xmpDM:startTime="3888233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Provider Bridge (PB) IEEE 802.1ad-2005" xmpDM:startTime="3889033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="incorporated in IEEE 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3889033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Problem: Multiple customers may have the same VLAN ID." xmpDM:startTime="3889033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="How to keep them separate? Solutions: VLAN translation: Change customer VLANs to provider VLANs and back VLAN Encapsulation: Encapsulate customer" xmpDM:startTime="3889033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frames Service Provider Customer A VLANs 1-100 Customer B VLANs 1-100 S-VLAN 2 S-VLAN 1 CE PE PE CE PE" xmpDM:startTime="3889033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="CE CE PE Customer A VLANs 1-100 Customer B VLANs 1-100" xmpDM:startTime="3889033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Bridge (Cont) Q-in-Q Encapsulation: Provider inserts a service VLAN tag VLAN translation Changes VLANs using a table Allows 4K" xmpDM:startTime="3889833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="customers to be serviced." xmpDM:startTime="3889833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Total 16M VLANs 8 Traffic Classes using Differentiated Services Code Points (DSCP) for Assured Forwarding Priority CFI S-VLAN ID S-Tag" xmpDM:startTime="3889833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3b 1b 12b Type 88A8 Type 8100 C-DA C-SA S-VID C-VID Type Payload 48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 16b 16b" xmpDM:startTime="3889833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3889833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Backbone Network (PBB) Problem: Number of MAC addresses passing through backbone bridges is too large for all core bridge" xmpDM:startTime="3890367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to remember Broadcast and flooded (unknown address) frames give unwanted traffic and security issues Solution: IEEE 802.1ah-2008" xmpDM:startTime="3890367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="now in 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3890367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Add new source/destination MAC addresses pointing to ingress backbone bridge and egress backbone bridge Core bridges only know edge bridge" xmpDM:startTime="3890367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="addresses Subscriber Provider Backbone Provider Subscriber Subscriber Subscriber Provider Provider Subscriber" xmpDM:startTime="3890367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC Frame Format Backbone edge bridges (BEB) forward to other BEB’s and learn customer MAC addresses  Backbone core bridges" xmpDM:startTime="3890800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(BCB) do not learn customer MACs B-DA = Destination backbone bridge address Determined by Customer Destination Address Backbone VLANs delimit" xmpDM:startTime="3890800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the broadcast domains in the backbone Type 88A8 Type 88E7 B-DA B-SA B-VID Core switches forward based on Backbone Destination" xmpDM:startTime="3890800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridge Address and Backbone-VLAN ID (60 bits) Similar to 802.1ad" xmpDM:startTime="3890800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Q-in-Q." xmpDM:startTime="3890800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Therefore, same EtherType." xmpDM:startTime="3890800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 24b I-Tag Core Core Edge Edge Edge Edge Type 88A8 Type 8100 I-SID C-DA C-SA" xmpDM:startTime="3890800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="S-VID C-VID Type Payload 48b 48b 16b 16b 16b 16b 16b Backbone Flags 8b" xmpDM:startTime="3890800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB Service Instance 24-bit Service instance ID (I-SID) indicates a specific flow All frames on a specific port, or All" xmpDM:startTime="3891400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="frames on a specific port with a specific service VLAN, or All frames on a specific port with a specific" xmpDM:startTime="3891400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="service VLAN and a specific customer VLAN B-VLAN=1 B-VLAN=3 B-VLAN=6 B-VLAN=4 Port 1 Port 2 Port 3 Service Instance Mapping" xmpDM:startTime="3891400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3891400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC (Cont) Each Backbone VLANs (B-VLAN) can carry multiple services 24-bit SID  224 Service Instances in the backbone I-Tag" xmpDM:startTime="3891933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="format: I-Tag not looked at in the core." xmpDM:startTime="3891933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Includes C-DA+C-SA." xmpDM:startTime="3891933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="UCA=1  Use customer addresses (used in CFM in the Edge) BEB BEB BEB BEB BEB BEB B-VLAN1 B-VLAN2 SIDA" xmpDM:startTime="3891933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SIDA SIDB SIDC SIDD SIDD SIDC SIDB SIDB BCB Priority Code Point (I-PCP) Drop Eligibility Indicator (I-DEI) Use Customer Address" xmpDM:startTime="3891933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(UCA) Reserved 2 Service Instance ID (I-SID) Customer Destination Address (C-DA) Customer Source Address (C-SA) Reserved 1 3b 1b 1b" xmpDM:startTime="3891933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1b 2b 24b 48b 48b" xmpDM:startTime="3891933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Connection Oriented Ethernet Connectionless: Path determined at forwarding  Varying QoS Connection Oriented: Path determined at provisioning Path provisioned by" xmpDM:startTime="3892667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="management  Deterministic QoS No spanning tree, No MAC address learning, Frames forwarded based on VLAN Ids and Backbone bridges" xmpDM:startTime="3892667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="addresses Path not determined by customer MAC addresses and other customer fields  More Secure Reserved bandwidth per EVC Pre-provisioned" xmpDM:startTime="3892667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Protection path  Better availability PE PE CE CE Working Path Protection Path" xmpDM:startTime="3892667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VLAN Cross-Connect Cross-connect  Circuit oriented Connection Oriented Ethernet with Q-in-Q Forward frames based on VLAN ID and Input port" xmpDM:startTime="3893300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" No MAC Learning 1 2 3 4 In put Port VLAN ID Out put Po rt 1 200 7" xmpDM:startTime="3893300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2 201 5 3 20 5 3 21 6 4 100 7 4 101 8 5 6 7 8 Broadcast" xmpDM:startTime="3893300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="TV P2P VPN VOIP VoD High-Speed Internet Wholesale VoD" xmpDM:startTime="3893300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE Provider Backbone Bridges with Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE) IEEE 802.1Qay-2009" xmpDM:startTime="3894100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="now in 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3894100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides connection oriented P2P (E-Line) Ethernet service For PBB-TE traffic VLANs: Turn off MAC learning Discard frames with unknown address" xmpDM:startTime="3894100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and broadcasts." xmpDM:startTime="3894100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" No flooding Disable Spanning Tree Protocol." xmpDM:startTime="3894100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Add protection path switching for each direction of the trunk Switch forwarding tables are administratively populated using management Same frame" xmpDM:startTime="3894100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="format as with MAC-in-MAC." xmpDM:startTime="3894100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="No change." xmpDM:startTime="3894100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3894100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE QoS Guarantees QoS  No need for MPLS or SONET/SDH UNI traffic is classified by Port, Service VLAN ID," xmpDM:startTime="3894567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Customer VLAN ID, priority, Unicast/Multicast UNI ports are policed  Excess traffic is dropped No policing at NNI ports." xmpDM:startTime="3894567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Only remarking, if necessary." xmpDM:startTime="3894567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Traffic may be marked and remarked at both UNI and NNI Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N" xmpDM:startTime="3894567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Wholesale Service Provider Classification, Policing, Marking Scheduling, Remarking Shaping" xmpDM:startTime="3894567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Tagged Frame Format Evolution Type 88A8 Type 88E7 Type 88A8 Type 8100 B-DA B-SA B-VID I-SID C-DA C-SA S-VID" xmpDM:startTime="3895333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="C-VID Type Payload Type 88A8 Type 8100 C-DA C-SA S-VID C-VID Type Payload Type 8100 C-DA C-SA C-VID Type Payload" xmpDM:startTime="3895333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="C-DA C-SA Type Payload Original Ethernet IEEE 802.1Q" xmpDM:startTime="3895333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VLAN IEEE 802.1ad" xmpDM:startTime="3895333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PB IEEE 802.1ah" xmpDM:startTime="3895333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB or 802.1Qay" xmpDM:startTime="3895333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE Tag Type Value Customer VLAN 8100 Service VLAN or Backbone VLAN 88A8 Backbone Service Instance 88 E 7" xmpDM:startTime="3895333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE QoS Guarantees QoS  No need for MPLS or SONET/SDH UNI traffic is classified by Port, Service VLAN ID," xmpDM:startTime="3898100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Customer VLAN ID, priority, Unicast/Multicast UNI ports are policed  Excess traffic is dropped No policing at NNI ports." xmpDM:startTime="3898100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Only remarking, if necessary." xmpDM:startTime="3898100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Traffic may be marked and remarked at both UNI and NNI Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N" xmpDM:startTime="3898100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Wholesale Service Provider Classification, Policing, Marking Scheduling, Remarking Shaping" xmpDM:startTime="3898100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE Provider Backbone Bridges with Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE) IEEE 802.1Qay-2009" xmpDM:startTime="3898767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="now in 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3898767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides connection oriented P2P (E-Line) Ethernet service For PBB-TE traffic VLANs: Turn off MAC learning Discard frames with unknown address" xmpDM:startTime="3898767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and broadcasts." xmpDM:startTime="3898767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" No flooding Disable Spanning Tree Protocol." xmpDM:startTime="3898767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Add protection path switching for each direction of the trunk Switch forwarding tables are administratively populated using management Same frame" xmpDM:startTime="3898767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="format as with MAC-in-MAC." xmpDM:startTime="3898767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="No change." xmpDM:startTime="3898767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3898767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VLAN Cross-Connect Cross-connect  Circuit oriented Connection Oriented Ethernet with Q-in-Q Forward frames based on VLAN ID and Input port" xmpDM:startTime="3899833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" No MAC Learning 1 2 3 4 In put Port VLAN ID Out put Po rt 1 200 7" xmpDM:startTime="3899833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2 201 5 3 20 5 3 21 6 4 100 7 4 101 8 5 6 7 8 Broadcast" xmpDM:startTime="3899833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="TV P2P VPN VOIP VoD High-Speed Internet Wholesale VoD" xmpDM:startTime="3899833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Connection Oriented Ethernet Connectionless: Path determined at forwarding  Varying QoS Connection Oriented: Path determined at provisioning Path provisioned by" xmpDM:startTime="3901333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="management  Deterministic QoS No spanning tree, No MAC address learning, Frames forwarded based on VLAN Ids and Backbone bridges" xmpDM:startTime="3901333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="addresses Path not determined by customer MAC addresses and other customer fields  More Secure Reserved bandwidth per EVC Pre-provisioned" xmpDM:startTime="3901333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Protection path  Better availability PE PE CE CE Working Path Protection Path" xmpDM:startTime="3901333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC (Cont) Each Backbone VLANs (B-VLAN) can carry multiple services 24-bit SID  224 Service Instances in the backbone I-Tag" xmpDM:startTime="3904967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="format: I-Tag not looked at in the core." xmpDM:startTime="3904967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Includes C-DA+C-SA." xmpDM:startTime="3904967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="UCA=1  Use customer addresses (used in CFM in the Edge) BEB BEB BEB BEB BEB BEB B-VLAN1 B-VLAN2 SIDA" xmpDM:startTime="3904967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SIDA SIDB SIDC SIDD SIDD SIDC SIDB SIDB BCB Priority Code Point (I-PCP) Drop Eligibility Indicator (I-DEI) Use Customer Address" xmpDM:startTime="3904967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(UCA) Reserved 2 Service Instance ID (I-SID) Customer Destination Address (C-DA) Customer Source Address (C-SA) Reserved 1 3b 1b 1b" xmpDM:startTime="3904967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1b 2b 24b 48b 48b" xmpDM:startTime="3904967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Connection Oriented Ethernet Connectionless: Path determined at forwarding  Varying QoS Connection Oriented: Path determined at provisioning Path provisioned by" xmpDM:startTime="3939500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="management  Deterministic QoS No spanning tree, No MAC address learning, Frames forwarded based on VLAN Ids and Backbone bridges" xmpDM:startTime="3939500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="addresses Path not determined by customer MAC addresses and other customer fields  More Secure Reserved bandwidth per EVC Pre-provisioned" xmpDM:startTime="3939500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Protection path  Better availability PE PE CE CE Working Path Protection Path" xmpDM:startTime="3939500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VLAN Cross-Connect Cross-connect  Circuit oriented Connection Oriented Ethernet with Q-in-Q Forward frames based on VLAN ID and Input port" xmpDM:startTime="4026533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" No MAC Learning 1 2 3 4 In put Port VLAN ID Out put Po rt 1 200 7" xmpDM:startTime="4026533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2 201 5 3 20 5 3 21 6 4 100 7 4 101 8 5 6 7 8 Broadcast" xmpDM:startTime="4026533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="TV P2P VPN VOIP VoD High-Speed Internet Wholesale VoD" xmpDM:startTime="4026533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE Provider Backbone Bridges with Traffic Engineering (PBB-TE) IEEE 802.1Qay-2009" xmpDM:startTime="4114200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="now in 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4114200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provides connection oriented P2P (E-Line) Ethernet service For PBB-TE traffic VLANs: Turn off MAC learning Discard frames with unknown address" xmpDM:startTime="4114200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and broadcasts." xmpDM:startTime="4114200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" No flooding Disable Spanning Tree Protocol." xmpDM:startTime="4114200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Add protection path switching for each direction of the trunk Switch forwarding tables are administratively populated using management Same frame" xmpDM:startTime="4114200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="format as with MAC-in-MAC." xmpDM:startTime="4114200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="No change." xmpDM:startTime="4114200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4114200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE QoS Guarantees QoS  No need for MPLS or SONET/SDH UNI traffic is classified by Port, Service VLAN ID," xmpDM:startTime="4220933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Customer VLAN ID, priority, Unicast/Multicast UNI ports are policed  Excess traffic is dropped No policing at NNI ports." xmpDM:startTime="4220933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Only remarking, if necessary." xmpDM:startTime="4220933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Traffic may be marked and remarked at both UNI and NNI Subscriber UNI-C ENNI Service Provider UNI-N Subscriber UNI-C UNI-N" xmpDM:startTime="4220933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ENNI Wholesale Service Provider Classification, Policing, Marking Scheduling, Remarking Shaping" xmpDM:startTime="4220933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Tagged Frame Format Evolution Type 88A8 Type 88E7 Type 88A8 Type 8100 B-DA B-SA B-VID I-SID C-DA C-SA S-VID" xmpDM:startTime="4476800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="C-VID Type Payload Type 88A8 Type 8100 C-DA C-SA S-VID C-VID Type Payload Type 8100 C-DA C-SA C-VID Type Payload" xmpDM:startTime="4476800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="C-DA C-SA Type Payload Original Ethernet IEEE 802.1Q" xmpDM:startTime="4476800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VLAN IEEE 802.1ad" xmpDM:startTime="4476800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PB IEEE 802.1ah" xmpDM:startTime="4476800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB or 802.1Qay" xmpDM:startTime="4476800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE Tag Type Value Customer VLAN 8100 Service VLAN or Backbone VLAN 88A8 Backbone Service Instance 88 E 7" xmpDM:startTime="4476800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Comparison of Technologies" xmpDM:startTime="4499800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Summary Carriers use User-to-Network Interface (UNI) signaling rather than peer-to-peer signaling Metro Ethernet allows E-Line, E-Access, E-Tree, and E-LAN services" xmpDM:startTime="4524500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Q-in-Q allows service providers to carry customer VLAN tags in their Ethernet Frames MAC-in-MAC extension allows very large Ethernet networks" xmpDM:startTime="4524500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="spanning over several backbone carriers PBB-TE extension allows connection oriented Ethernet with QoS guarantees and protection" xmpDM:startTime="4524500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Reading List Fujitsu, “Carrier Ethernet Essentials,” http://www.fujitsu.com/downloads/TEL/fnc/whitepapers/CarrierEthernetEssentials.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4580633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="R." xmpDM:startTime="4580633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Santitoro, “Metro Ethernet Services – A Technical Overview,” The Metro Ethernet Forum, 2003, V2.7," xmpDM:startTime="4580633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://www.mef.net/Assets/White_Papers/Metro-Ethernet-Services.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4580633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4580633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="References G." xmpDM:startTime="4616067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Santana, “Datacenter Virtualization Fundamentals,” Cisco Press, 2014, ISBN: 1587143240 (Safari Book) H." xmpDM:startTime="4616067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Saboowala, M." xmpDM:startTime="4616067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Abid, S." xmpDM:startTime="4616067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Modali, &quot;Designing Networks and Services for the Cloud: Delivering business-grade cloud applications and services,&quot; Cisco Press 2013, ISBN:1587142945 (Safari Book)" xmpDM:startTime="4616067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4616067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Wikipedia Links http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carrier_Ethernet" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Connection-oriented_Ethernet" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_Private_Line" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_Virtual_Private_Line" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.1ad" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.1ag" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.1ah-2008" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Ethernet" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metro_Ethernet_Forum" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network-to-network_interface" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operations,_administration_and_management" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Provider_Backbone_Bridge_Traffic_Engineering" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_policing" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Traffic_shaping" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/User%E2%80%93network_interface" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_Private_LAN_Service" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Acronyms B-VID Backbone VLAN Identifier BER Bit Error Rate C-VID Customer VLAN Identifier CBS Committed Burst Size CCM Continuity Check" xmpDM:startTime="4622833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Message CE Customer Edge CFI Canonical Form Indicator CFM Connectivity Fault Management CIR Committed Information Rate CM Color Mode CoS" xmpDM:startTime="4622833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Class of Service DA Destination Address DEI Drop Eligibility Indicator DSCP Differentiated Services Code Points EBS Excess Burst Size EC" xmpDM:startTime="4622833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Connection" xmpDM:startTime="4622833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Acronyms (Cont) EIR Excess Information rate ENNI External Network to Network Interface EPL Ethernet Private Line EVC Ethernet Virtual Connection" xmpDM:startTime="4623633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="EVP-Access Ethernet Virtual Private Access EVP-LAN Ethernet Virtual Private Local Area Network EVP-Line Ethernet Virtual Private Line EVP-Tree Ethernet Virtual" xmpDM:startTime="4623633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Private Tree EVPL Ethernet Virtual Private Line I-SID Instance Service ID ID Identifier IEEE Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineers" xmpDM:startTime="4623633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IETF Internet Engineering Task Force IP Internet Protocols ITU International Telecommunications Union" xmpDM:startTime="4623633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Acronyms (Cont) LAN Local Area Network LTM Link Trace Message LTR Link Trace Response MAC Media Access Control MEG Maintenance" xmpDM:startTime="4624067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Entity Group MEP Maintenance End Points MIP Maintenance Intermediate Points MP Multi-Point MPLS Multi-Protocol Label Switching NNI Network-to-Network Interface OAM" xmpDM:startTime="4624067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Operation, Administration and Maintenance OC Optical Carrier OIF Optical Interoperability Forum OVC Operator Virtual Connection" xmpDM:startTime="4624067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Acronyms (Cont) PB Provider Bridge PBB-TE Provider Backbone Bridge with Traffic Engineering PBB Provider Backbone Bridge PBBE Provider BackBone Edge" xmpDM:startTime="4624433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBBN Provider Backbone Network PBEB Provider backbone edge bridges PBN Provider Bridging network PBX Private Branch Exchange PCP Priority Code" xmpDM:startTime="4624433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Point PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy PE Provider Edge PW Pseudo-Wire PWE3 Pseudo-Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge QoS Quality of Service S-VID Service" xmpDM:startTime="4624433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(Provider) VLAN ID SA Source Address SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy" xmpDM:startTime="4624433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Acronyms (Cont) SID Service Identifier SLA Service Level Agreement SONET Synchronous optical network TE Traffic Engineering TV Television UCA Use" xmpDM:startTime="4624767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Customer Address (flag) UNI User to Network Interface VID VLAN Identifier VLAN Virtual Local Area Network VoD Video on Demand" xmpDM:startTime="4624767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VoIP Voice over IP VPN Virtual Private Network" xmpDM:startTime="4624767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Scan This to Download These Slides thankyou Raj Jain http://rajjain.com" xmpDM:startTime="4625133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4625133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li></rdf:Seq>
                     </xmpDM:markers>
                  </rdf:Description>
               </rdf:li>
               <rdf:li>
                  <rdf:Description xmpDM:trackType="TableOfContents" xmpDM:frameRate="f1000" xmpDM:trackName="Table of Contents">
                     <xmpDM:markers>
                        <rdf:Seq>
                           <rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Service Attributes" xmpDM:startTime="0" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="0" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="0, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example" xmpDM:startTime="98167" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="1" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="75, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6" xmpDM:startTime="833133" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="2" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="150, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example" xmpDM:startTime="906967" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="3" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="225, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6" xmpDM:startTime="930033" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="4" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="300, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM" xmpDM:startTime="930633" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="5" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="375, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1238600" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="6" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="450, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages" xmpDM:startTime="1394333" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="7" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="525, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Use Cases" xmpDM:startTime="1397200" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="8" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="600, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages" xmpDM:startTime="1398500" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="9" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="675, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1401000" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="10" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="750, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages" xmpDM:startTime="1408100" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="11" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="825, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Use Cases" xmpDM:startTime="1572633" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="12" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="900, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages" xmpDM:startTime="1587067" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="13" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="975, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1587333" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="14" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1050, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM" xmpDM:startTime="1587567" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="15" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1125, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6" xmpDM:startTime="1588100" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="16" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1200, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example" xmpDM:startTime="1588600" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="17" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1275, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Service Attributes" xmpDM:startTime="1589000" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="18" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1350, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Virtual Connections (EVCs)" xmpDM:startTime="1590233" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="19" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1425, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Service Attributes" xmpDM:startTime="1604233" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="20" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1500, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example" xmpDM:startTime="1604600" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="21" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1575, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6" xmpDM:startTime="1604933" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="22" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1650, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM" xmpDM:startTime="1605367" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="23" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1725, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1605700" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="24" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1800, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages" xmpDM:startTime="1606367" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="25" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1875, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Use Cases" xmpDM:startTime="1608300" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="26" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1950, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Provider Bridge (PB)" xmpDM:startTime="1608867" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="27" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2025, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Use Cases" xmpDM:startTime="1609967" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="28" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2100, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Provider Bridge (PB)" xmpDM:startTime="1764067" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="29" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2175, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Use Cases" xmpDM:startTime="1766333" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="30" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2250, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages" xmpDM:startTime="1769267" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="31" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2325, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1769800" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="32" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2400, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM" xmpDM:startTime="1770300" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="33" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2475, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6" xmpDM:startTime="1770800" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="34" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2550, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example" xmpDM:startTime="1771333" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="35" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2625, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Service Attributes" xmpDM:startTime="1771833" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="36" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2700, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Virtual Connections (EVCs)" xmpDM:startTime="1773500" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="37" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2775, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Service Attributes" xmpDM:startTime="1849667" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="38" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2850, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example" xmpDM:startTime="1850200" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="39" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2925, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 6" xmpDM:startTime="1850933" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="40" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3000, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM" xmpDM:startTime="1851400" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="41" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3075, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1852067" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="42" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3150, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages" xmpDM:startTime="1852633" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="43" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3225, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Use Cases" xmpDM:startTime="1853067" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="44" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3300, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Provider Bridge (PB)" xmpDM:startTime="1854133" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="45" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3375, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Bridge (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2232933" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="46" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3450, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Backbone Network (PBB)" xmpDM:startTime="2421133" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="47" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3525, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Bridge (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2424600" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="48" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3600, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Backbone Network (PBB)" xmpDM:startTime="2502067" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="49" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3675, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Bridge (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="2568400" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="50" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3750, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Backbone Network (PBB)" xmpDM:startTime="2593500" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="51" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3825, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC Frame Format" xmpDM:startTime="2638433" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="52" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3900, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB Service Instance" xmpDM:startTime="3130500" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="53" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="50, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3458667" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="54" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="125, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB Service Instance" xmpDM:startTime="3634100" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="55" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="200, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC Frame Format" xmpDM:startTime="3634367" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="56" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="275, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB Service Instance" xmpDM:startTime="3683500" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="57" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="350, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3684833" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="58" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="425, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB Service Instance" xmpDM:startTime="3842933" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="59" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="500, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC Frame Format" xmpDM:startTime="3843167" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="60" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="575, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Backbone Network (PBB)" xmpDM:startTime="3843500" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="61" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="650, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Bridge (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3843933" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="62" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="725, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Provider Bridge (PB)" xmpDM:startTime="3844400" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="63" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="800, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Use Cases" xmpDM:startTime="3844900" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="64" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="875, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages" xmpDM:startTime="3845767" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="65" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="950, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3852967" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="66" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1025, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM" xmpDM:startTime="3854133" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="67" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1100, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3857400" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="68" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1175, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet OAM Messages" xmpDM:startTime="3887800" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="69" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1250, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Metro Ethernet Use Cases" xmpDM:startTime="3888233" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="70" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1325, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Provider Bridge (PB)" xmpDM:startTime="3889033" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="71" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1400, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Bridge (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3889833" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="72" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1475, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Provider Backbone Network (PBB)" xmpDM:startTime="3890367" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="73" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1550, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC Frame Format" xmpDM:startTime="3890800" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="74" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1625, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB Service Instance" xmpDM:startTime="3891400" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="75" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1700, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3891933" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="76" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1775, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Connection Oriented Ethernet" xmpDM:startTime="3892667" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="77" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1850, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VLAN Cross-Connect" xmpDM:startTime="3893300" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="78" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1925, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE" xmpDM:startTime="3894100" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="79" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2000, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE QoS" xmpDM:startTime="3894567" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="80" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2075, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Tagged Frame Format  Evolution" xmpDM:startTime="3895333" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="81" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2150, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE QoS" xmpDM:startTime="3898100" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="82" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2225, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE" xmpDM:startTime="3898767" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="83" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2300, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VLAN Cross-Connect" xmpDM:startTime="3899833" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="84" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2375, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Connection Oriented Ethernet" xmpDM:startTime="3901333" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="85" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2450, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC-in-MAC (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="3904967" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="86" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2525, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Connection Oriented Ethernet" xmpDM:startTime="3939500" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="87" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2600, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VLAN Cross-Connect" xmpDM:startTime="4026533" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="88" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2675, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE" xmpDM:startTime="4114200" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="89" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2750, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="PBB-TE QoS" xmpDM:startTime="4220933" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="90" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2825, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Tagged Frame Format  Evolution" xmpDM:startTime="4476800" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="91" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2900, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Comparison of Technologies" xmpDM:startTime="4499800" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="92" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2975, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Summary" xmpDM:startTime="4524500" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="93" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3050, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Reading List" xmpDM:startTime="4580633" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="94" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3125, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="References" xmpDM:startTime="4616067" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="95" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3200, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Wikipedia Links" xmpDM:startTime="4620200" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="96" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3275, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Acronyms" xmpDM:startTime="4622833" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="97" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3350, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Acronyms (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4623633" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="98" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3425, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Acronyms (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4624067" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="99" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3500, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Acronyms (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4624433" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="100" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3575, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Acronyms (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4624767" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="101" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3650, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Scan This to Download These Slides" xmpDM:startTime="4625133" tscDM:image="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="102" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3725, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li></rdf:Seq>
                     </xmpDM:markers>
                  </rdf:Description>
               </rdf:li>
            </rdf:Bag>
         </xmpDM:Tracks>
         <tscDM:controller>
            <rdf:Description xmpDM:name="tscplayer">
               <tscDM:parameters>
                  <rdf:Bag>
                     <rdf:li xmpDM:name="autohide" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="autoplay" xmpDM:value="true"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="loop" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="searchable" xmpDM:value="true"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="captionsenabled" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="sidebarenabled" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="unicodeenabled" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="backgroundcolor" xmpDM:value="000000"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="sidebarlocation" xmpDM:value="left"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="endaction" xmpDM:value="stop"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="endactionparam" xmpDM:value="true"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="locale" xmpDM:value="en-US"/></rdf:Bag>
               </tscDM:parameters>
               <tscDM:controllerText>
                  <rdf:Bag>
                  </rdf:Bag>
               </tscDM:controllerText>
            </rdf:Description>
         </tscDM:controller>
         <tscDM:contentList>
            <rdf:Description>
               <tscDM:files>
                  <rdf:Seq>
                     <rdf:li xmpDM:name="0" xmpDM:value="m_06cee2.mp4"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="1" xmpDM:value="m_06cee2_First_Frame.png"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="2" xmpDM:value="m_06cee2_Thumbnails.png"/></rdf:Seq>
               </tscDM:files>
            </rdf:Description>
         </tscDM:contentList>
      </rdf:Description>
   </rdf:RDF>
</x:xmpmeta>