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                           <rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Computing Raj Jain Washington University in Saint Louis Saint Louis, MO 63130 Jain@cse.wustl.edu" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="These slides and audio/video recordings of this class lecture are at: http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse570-18/" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="." xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Overview Genesis of Cloud Computing What is Cloud Computing? Why Use Clouds? Cloud Deployment Models Cloud Software and Standards Software" xmpDM:startTime="1967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Defined Intelligence" xmpDM:startTime="1967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Genesis of Cloud Computing August 25, 2006: Amazon announced EC2 Þ Birth of Cloud Computing in reality (Prior theoretical concepts" xmpDM:startTime="29000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of computing as a utility) Amazon’s CEO was amazed by the number of computers in their datacenter and their low" xmpDM:startTime="29000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="utilization Computing facilities are designed for peak load (Christmas) Needed a way to rent unused capacity, like renting their warehouses" xmpDM:startTime="29000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and other infrastructure Þ Develop an application programming interfaces (APIs) to remotely use computers." xmpDM:startTime="29000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="So began the computer rental business that we now call cloud computing." xmpDM:startTime="29000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sharing an underutilized resource is good for cloud service customers as well as for the cloud service providers." xmpDM:startTime="29000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: Raj Jain and Subharthi Paul, &quot;Network Virtualization and Software Defined Networking for Cloud Computing - A Survey,&quot; IEEE Communications" xmpDM:startTime="29000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Magazine, Nov 2013, pp." xmpDM:startTime="29000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="24-31, ISSN: 01636804, DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.2013.6658648," xmpDM:startTime="29000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/net_virt.htm" xmpDM:startTime="29000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="29000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Enabled by Networking High Speed Networking Large Datacenters Low Average Demand Clouds Virtualization Storage/Compute/ Network" xmpDM:startTime="127967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is Cloud Computing? Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of" xmpDM:startTime="255700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="configurable computing resources (e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="255700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider" xmpDM:startTime="255700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="interaction." xmpDM:startTime="255700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="-National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) http://www.nist.gov/itl/cloud/" xmpDM:startTime="255700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Key Characteristics: On-Demand self-service Scalable Shared Ubiquitous access Rapid provisioning/released Minimal management" xmpDM:startTime="255700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Computing as a Utility Cloud computing is a utility like water, electricity, telephone Just turn on your computer and" xmpDM:startTime="403400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="get computing storage and other resources as you need it and pay for it by usage." xmpDM:startTime="403400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Computers include smart phones, tablets, laptops, desktops, … Amazon Google Microsoft" xmpDM:startTime="403400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Attributes of a Cloud Service Off-Premise: Out-side the company firewall." xmpDM:startTime="449267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Connected via Internet Belongs to a service provider Elasticity: Scalable up or down rapidly." xmpDM:startTime="449267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Flexible Billing: Usage or flat rate." xmpDM:startTime="449267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Payment or advertising-paid (as in Google docs) Multi-tenancy: Cost optimization of sharing Universal Access: Available to anyone Virtualization: Easier allocation" xmpDM:startTime="449267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of resources Service: Provides both management and computational APIs." xmpDM:startTime="449267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Service level agreement: Different levels Ref: John Rhoton, &quot;Cloud Computing Explained: Implementation Handbook for Enterprises,&quot; Recursive Press, 2009, ISBN:0956355609" xmpDM:startTime="449267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Networking Services One DHCP assigned address per VM is standard." xmpDM:startTime="549333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Static/global IP addresses are provided at an extra cost Load balancing Virtual firewalls Private VLANs Access control lists of IP" xmpDM:startTime="549333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="addresses that can access VPN connecting enterprise to the cloud Round-robin DNS for load balancing Content compression Geographical load distribution," xmpDM:startTime="549333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="549333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Big-IP global traffic manager Ref: John Rhoton, &quot;Cloud Computing Explained: Implementation Handbook for Enterprises,&quot; Recursive Press, 2009, ISBN:0956355609" xmpDM:startTime="549333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Computing Statistics By 2020: 11/12th of workload in clouds, 1/12th in traditional data center 92% Data center IP traffic" xmpDM:startTime="683300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in clouds, 8% in traditional data center 3X growth in cloud workload in 5 years 3X growth in IP traffic" xmpDM:startTime="683300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in 5 years 5X growth in data center storage 7/8th in cloud, 1/8th in traditional data centers 2/3rd in public" xmpDM:startTime="683300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="clouds, 1/3rd in private clouds 59% of consumers will use cloud storage (Under estimate) SDN/NFV transporting 22% of datacenter traffic" xmpDM:startTime="683300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to 44% by 2020 Ref: Cisco, “Cisco Global Cloud Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2015-2020,” 2016, https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/global-cloud-index-gci/white-paper-c11-738085.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="683300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="683300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Gray's Economy Jim Gray observed in 2003 that one dollar equates to: 1 GB sent over the WAN 10 Tera" xmpDM:startTime="779867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="CPU operations 8 hours of CPU time 1 GB of disk space 10 M Databases accesses 10 TB of disk" xmpDM:startTime="779867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bandwidth 10 TB of LAN bandwidth  WAN bandwidth is 10000 times more expensive than LAN  Move program to" xmpDM:startTime="779867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="the data not data to the programs In the last 10 years, networks have become faster but not at the" xmpDM:startTime="779867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="same speed as processors  Networks are economic bottleneck  Remote (Cloud) computing is good for processor intensive jobs, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="779867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="image processing Ref: Jim Gray, Microsoft Large Databases and Grid Computing, 21 May 2003, http://research.microsoft.com/~Gray/talks/WebServices_Grid.ppt" xmpDM:startTime="779867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="779867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Why Cloud? Clouds are better than private data center, because of they are on-demand, large-scale, and dispersed." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="10 Laws of Cloudonomics 1." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Utility services cost less even though they cost more." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(Customers don't pay when they don't use it)." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="On-Demand trumps forecasting." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(Forecasting is often wrong.)" xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="3." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="The peak of the sum is never greater than the sum of the peaks." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Aggregate demand is smoother than individual." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="5." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Average unit costs are reduced by distributing fixed costs over more units of output." xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: Joe Weinman, &quot;The 10 Laws of Cloudonomics,&quot; Sep 7, 2008, http://gigaom.com/2008/09/07/the-10-laws-of-cloudonomics" xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="928067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="10 Laws of Cloudonomics (Cont) 6." xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Superiority in numbers is the most important factor in the result of a combat (Numerical superiority is the key to" xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="winning battles.)" xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="7." xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Space-time is a continuum." xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(You can reduce time by having more VMs) 8." xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Dispersion is the inverse square of the latency." xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="9." xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Don't put all your eggs in one basket." xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(High reliability with many data centers per CSP)." xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="10." xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="An object at rest tends to stay at rest." xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(Private datacenters are located in suboptimal locations: headquarters)." xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="While cloud data centers are located optimally)" xmpDM:startTime="1096133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Barriers to Cloud Adoption 1." xmpDM:startTime="1335300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Security: Is our data secure? How can we audit security? Will my data be erased on deletion? … 2." xmpDM:startTime="1335300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Compliance: Will we be compliant with risk, security, privacy laws? 3." xmpDM:startTime="1335300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interoperability: Can I take my workload from provider to provider? Not easily 4." xmpDM:startTime="1335300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Service Level Management: Is the billing accurate? What happens on failures? Is the capacity sufficient? Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing_issues," xmpDM:startTime="1335300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing_security" xmpDM:startTime="1335300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1335300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Barriers to Cloud Adoption (Cont) 5." xmpDM:startTime="1472300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tools: How can I automate provisioning, monitoring, management" xmpDM:startTime="1472300" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Barriers to Cloud Adoption 1." xmpDM:startTime="1480800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Security: Is our data secure? How can we audit security? 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xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Least expensive and least secure." xmpDM:startTime="1501967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Private Cloud: Owned by a specific entity and used only by that entity." xmpDM:startTime="1501967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="More expensive and more secure." xmpDM:startTime="1501967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Community Cloud: Shared by multiple organizations who share a common cause." xmpDM:startTime="1501967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Did not materialize in practice." xmpDM:startTime="1501967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Hybrid Cloud: Cloud consisting of two or more Public, Private cloud." xmpDM:startTime="1501967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="E.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1501967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Private cloud for sensitive data and public cloud for less sensitive data Public Private Community Hybrid" xmpDM:startTime="1501967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Deployment Models (Cont) Virtual Private Cloud: Private cloud within a public cloud Multi-Cloud: Multiple cloud providers, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1678800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Amazon, Google, and Azure Distributed Cloud: Combine machines in many different locations Edge Cloud: Cloud on the carrier networks edge," xmpDM:startTime="1678800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1678800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="cell towers or central offices Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_cloud" xmpDM:startTime="1678800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1678800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Fog Computing Ref: http://community.spiceworks.com/topic/254392-fog-computing-replaces-cloud-as-new-tech-buzzword" xmpDM:startTime="1853467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1853467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Fog Computing (Cont) Location Aware and Location Sensitive Þ Low latency Þ Computing in micro clouds Þ Computing in the" xmpDM:startTime="1875867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="edge Þ Computing everywhere Þ Fog Geographically distributed Þ Everywhere/Anywhere Large Scale Mobility Real-Time Ref: F." xmpDM:startTime="1875867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bonomi, et al.," xmpDM:startTime="1875867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="“Fog Computing and Its Role in the Internet of Things,” ACM MCC’12, August 17, 2012, Helsinki, Finland" xmpDM:startTime="1875867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Fog Computing Ref: http://community.spiceworks.com/topic/254392-fog-computing-replaces-cloud-as-new-tech-buzzword" xmpDM:startTime="1995067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1995067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Deployment Models (Cont) Virtual Private Cloud: Private cloud within a public cloud Multi-Cloud: Multiple cloud providers, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1995567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Amazon, Google, and Azure Distributed Cloud: Combine machines in many different locations Edge Cloud: Cloud on the carrier networks edge," xmpDM:startTime="1995567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1995567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="cell towers or central offices Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_private_cloud" xmpDM:startTime="1995567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1995567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Fog Computing Ref: http://community.spiceworks.com/topic/254392-fog-computing-replaces-cloud-as-new-tech-buzzword" xmpDM:startTime="2220767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2220767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Fog Computing (Cont) Location Aware and Location Sensitive Þ Low latency Þ Computing in micro clouds Þ Computing in the" xmpDM:startTime="2221533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="edge Þ Computing everywhere Þ Fog Geographically distributed Þ Everywhere/Anywhere Large Scale Mobility Real-Time Ref: F." xmpDM:startTime="2221533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bonomi, et al.," xmpDM:startTime="2221533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="“Fog Computing and Its Role in the Internet of Things,” ACM MCC’12, August 17, 2012, Helsinki, Finland" xmpDM:startTime="2221533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Service Models Infrastructure as a service (IaaS): Provide virtual machines, storage, and network facilities that users can manage." xmpDM:startTime="2222367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users install their own operating systems and software, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="2222367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Amazon Web Services Platform as a service (PaaS): Includes hardware and operating systems, development and administrative tools." xmpDM:startTime="2222367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Users develop and deploy their software, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="2222367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Microsoft Azure Software as a service (SaaS): Complete application with a user interface, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="2222367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Google Docs, Gmail, Salesforce.com" xmpDM:startTime="2222367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Hardware Operating System Application PaaS SaaS IaaS" xmpDM:startTime="2222367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Service Examples Ref: V." xmpDM:startTime="2346567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Josyula, et al.," xmpDM:startTime="2346567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="&quot;Cloud Computing: Automating the Virtualized Data Center,&quot; Cisco Press, 2011, 336 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="2346567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:1-58720-434-7" xmpDM:startTime="2346567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Everything As A Service https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banking_as_a_Service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_as_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_as_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Function_as_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IT_as_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Location_as_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_backend_as_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_as_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payments_as_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recovery_as_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_as_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unified_communications_as_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/As_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:As_a_service" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2395200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridges, Brokers, Gateways Bridge: Connecting private data center networks to clouds Brokers: Connecting services between private data centers and clouds." xmpDM:startTime="2438500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="E.g.," xmpDM:startTime="2438500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="authentication (identity), access (authorization), delivery (server/cloud selection) Gateways: Connecting private storage to cloud storage." xmpDM:startTime="2438500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Thereby, increasing the size of storage pool." xmpDM:startTime="2438500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Using cloud storage for overflow, backup, and disaster recovery." xmpDM:startTime="2438500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: L." xmpDM:startTime="2438500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MacVittie, “Integrating the Cloud: Bridges, Brokers, and Gateways,” 2012, http://www.f5.com/pdf/white-papers/f5-vmware-integrating-cloud-white-paper.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="2438500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2438500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Service Brokers Too many cloud service providers (like airlines) Cloud service brokers help you find the right subset of" xmpDM:startTime="2535200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="cloud providers for your needs May provide their own cloud services Provide simplified/unified interface to multiple providers with a single" xmpDM:startTime="2535200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="sign on Help negotiate cloud contracts Help resolve security concerns Cloud 1 Cloud n Broker Private Data Center … Ref:" xmpDM:startTime="2535200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="W." xmpDM:startTime="2535200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bumpus, Cloud Service Brokers: What You Need to Know, http://www.infoq.com/articles/cloud-service-brokers" xmpDM:startTime="2535200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2535200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Data Management Interface (CDMI) Standard interface to create, retrieve, update and delete data elements from the cloud Developed by" xmpDM:startTime="2631500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) and now ISO/IEC standard Clients can discover the capabilities of the cloud storage Used by" xmpDM:startTime="2631500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="administrative and management applications to manage containers, accounts, security access, and monitoring and billing information Example: GET Container (List objects" xmpDM:startTime="2631500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in a container) GET Container cdmi_geographic_placement_provided metadata item (Discover the geographic locations) in which the container is stored) Ref: SNIA," xmpDM:startTime="2631500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="“Cloud Data Management Interface (CDMI),” http://www.snia.org/cdmi" xmpDM:startTime="2631500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2631500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Open Source Cloud Management Software OpenStack: Open source software to build/manage private/public clouds Initiated by NASA and Rackspace Hosting Many" xmpDM:startTime="2689467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="components: Nova (Compute), Neutron (Networking), Cinder (Storage), Glance (image), Horizon (dashboard), Heat (Orchestration), …." xmpDM:startTime="2689467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Utilizes plugins." xmpDM:startTime="2689467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Stack: Open Source Sw to manage cloud services Supports AWS API and OCCI API Similar to OpenStack Also under" xmpDM:startTime="2689467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Apache Foundation Ref: http://www.openstack.org," xmpDM:startTime="2689467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStack," xmpDM:startTime="2689467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_CloudStack" xmpDM:startTime="2689467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2689467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Data Management Interface (CDMI) Standard interface to create, retrieve, update and delete data elements from the cloud Developed by" xmpDM:startTime="2691100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Storage Networking Industry Association (SNIA) and now ISO/IEC standard Clients can discover the capabilities of the cloud storage Used by" xmpDM:startTime="2691100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="administrative and management applications to manage containers, accounts, security access, and monitoring and billing information Example: GET Container (List objects" xmpDM:startTime="2691100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in a container) GET Container cdmi_geographic_placement_provided metadata item (Discover the geographic locations) in which the container is stored) Ref: SNIA," xmpDM:startTime="2691100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="“Cloud Data Management Interface (CDMI),” http://www.snia.org/cdmi" xmpDM:startTime="2691100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2691100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Open Source Cloud Management Software OpenStack: Open source software to build/manage private/public clouds Initiated by NASA and Rackspace Hosting Many" xmpDM:startTime="2703067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="components: Nova (Compute), Neutron (Networking), Cinder (Storage), Glance (image), Horizon (dashboard), Heat (Orchestration), …." xmpDM:startTime="2703067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Utilizes plugins." xmpDM:startTime="2703067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Stack: Open Source Sw to manage cloud services Supports AWS API and OCCI API Similar to OpenStack Also under" xmpDM:startTime="2703067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Apache Foundation Ref: http://www.openstack.org," xmpDM:startTime="2703067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenStack," xmpDM:startTime="2703067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apache_CloudStack" xmpDM:startTime="2703067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2703067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Open Source Cloud Management (Cont) Cloud Foundry: Multi-Cloud Application platform under Linux Foundation Scalr: Manage multi-cloud infrastructure Eucalyptus: Build AWS-compatible" xmpDM:startTime="2976167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="private and hybrid clouds oVirt: Management platform to manage virtual nodes, storage, and network resources." xmpDM:startTime="2976167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Similar to VMware’s vSphere." xmpDM:startTime="2976167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allows allocating VMs to host: manual, optimized, pinned Live migration of VMs Monitor resource usage Manage quota for use of" xmpDM:startTime="2976167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="resources Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_Foundry," xmpDM:startTime="2976167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scalr," xmpDM:startTime="2976167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eucalyptus_(software)," xmpDM:startTime="2976167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OVirt," xmpDM:startTime="2976167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://www.ovirt.org" xmpDM:startTime="2976167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2976167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Open Source Cloud Management (Cont) OpenVZ: Open Virtuozzo Allows multiple containers on Linux Open Virtual Alliance (OVA): Linux Foundation project" xmpDM:startTime="3079700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="for KVM hypervisor openQRM: Cloud computing management platform Bare metal and VM deployment Supports KVM, Linux Vserver, OpenVZ, Xen, …" xmpDM:startTime="3079700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Proxmox Virtual Environment (Proxmox VE): Server virtualization environment VMs and Containers Web console with REST API Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Virtualization_Alliance," xmpDM:startTime="3079700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenQRM," xmpDM:startTime="3079700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proxmox_Virtual_Environment," xmpDM:startTime="3079700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3079700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Open Source Cloud Management (Cont) OpenNebula: Manage data center infrastructure Offer cloud services in a data center BOSCH: Life-cycle management" xmpDM:startTime="3144467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of large scale distributed services AppScale: Deploy unmodified Google App Engine applications over other clouds Nimbus: Toolkit to provide IaaS" xmpDM:startTime="3144467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="via Amazon EC2 APIs NextCloud: Client-Server software to create file hosting cloud services, like Dropbox Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenNebula," xmpDM:startTime="3144467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_commercial_open-source_applications_and_services," xmpDM:startTime="3144467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BOSH_(software)," xmpDM:startTime="3144467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AppScale," xmpDM:startTime="3144467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nimbus_(cloud_computing)," xmpDM:startTime="3144467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nextcloud," xmpDM:startTime="3144467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Free_software_for_cloud_computing," xmpDM:startTime="3144467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Category:Open-source_cloud_applications" xmpDM:startTime="3144467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3144467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud APIs Open Grid Forum, “Open Cloud Computing Interface (OCCI),” http://www.ogf.org/gf/group_info/view.php?group=occi-wg" xmpDM:startTime="3229367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VMware Virtual Cloud Director (vCD) API: http://www.vmware.com/pdf/vcd_10_api_guide.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="3229367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Amazon Web Services (AWS) API: http://aws.amazon.com/developertools/Amazon-EC2/351" xmpDM:startTime="3229367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ElasticHosts API: http://www.elastichosts.com/cloud-hosting/api" xmpDM:startTime="3229367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="FlexiScale (Cloud management and orchestration software for private clouds) API: http://www.flexiant.com/reference/api" xmpDM:startTime="3229367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GoGrid API: http://www.gogrid.com/cloud-hosting/cloud-api.php" xmpDM:startTime="3229367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Sun Cloud API: http://kenai.com/projects/suncloudapis/pages/Home" xmpDM:startTime="3229367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="OpenStack APIs: http://docs.openstack.org/api/api-specs.html" xmpDM:startTime="3229367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Application Management for Platforms (CAMP): Managing PaaS." xmpDM:startTime="3229367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://www.oasis-open.org/committees/tc_home.php?wg_abbrev=camp" xmpDM:startTime="3229367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3229367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Apache Deltacloud Open source project to provides API server and drivers necessary for connecting to various cloud providers Supports 3" xmpDM:startTime="3287033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="APIs: Deltacloud classic, CIMI standard, EC2 Translates the input API to cloud specific API Takes care of d = difference" xmpDM:startTime="3287033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allows moving applications to various clouds." xmpDM:startTime="3287033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="HTML interface allows controlling cloud infrastructure using a browser on a computer, mobile phone or tablet Ref: http://deltacloud.apache.org/about.html" xmpDM:startTime="3287033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3287033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Software Defined Intelligence SDI = SDN + Machine Learning Predictive Operation: Discover new relationships from network data Predictive Security: Predict" xmpDM:startTime="3372367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="security attacks rather than react to attacks Detect Spam Sources/Prefixes Network data generated by too many sources Þ Too much" xmpDM:startTime="3372367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to process by humans Analytics = Brute force style of data analysis Ref: David Meyer, “Software Defined Intelligence: A New" xmpDM:startTime="3372367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interdisciplinary Approach to Intelligent Infrastructure,” Networking Field Day 8, Sept 11, 2014, http://www.1-4-5.net/~dmm/talks/nfd8.pptx" xmpDM:startTime="3372367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3372367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Google’s SDI Applications Beyond short snippets: deep networks for video classification Diagnosing automatic white-listing for dynamic remarking ads using hybrid" xmpDM:startTime="3453800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ASP Grapheme-to-Phoneme conversion using long short-term memory recurrent neural networks Cicada: predictive guarantees for cloud network bandwidth Show and Tell:" xmpDM:startTime="3453800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="a neural image caption generator Large scale video classification with convolutional neural networks Measuring online audiences Ad-click prediction Modeling of" xmpDM:startTime="3453800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="eye-mouse behavior Ref: Google, “Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning,” http://research.google.com/pubs/ArtificialIntelligenceandMachineLearning.html" xmpDM:startTime="3453800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3453800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Summary Computing 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xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Josyula, et al.," xmpDM:startTime="3636633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="&quot;Cloud Computing: Automating the Virtualized Data Center,&quot; Cisco Press, 2011, 336 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3636633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ISBN:1-58720-434-7 Cisco, &quot;Cisco Global Cloud Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2015-2020,&quot; 2016, https://www.cisco.com/c/dam/en/us/solutions/collateral/service-provider/global-cloud-index-gci/white-paper-c11-738085.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="3636633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="G." xmpDM:startTime="3636633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Santana, &quot;Datacenter Virtualization Fundamentals,&quot; Cisco Press, 2014, ISBN: 1587143240 John Rhoton, &quot;Cloud Computing Explained: Implementation Handbook for Enterprises,&quot; Recursive 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