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                           <rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Ethernet Raj Jain Washington University in Saint Louis Saint Louis, MO 63130 Jain@cse.wustl.edu" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="These slides and audio/video recordings of this class lecture are at: http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse570-18/" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="0" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Overview Residential vs." xmpDM:startTime="833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Ethernet Review of Ethernet Addresses, devices, speeds, algorithms Enhancements to Spanning Tree Protocol Virtual LANs Data Center Bridging" xmpDM:startTime="833" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Extensions" xmpDM:startTime="833" 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xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Need per-flow/per-class QoS Need performance/BER" xmpDM:startTime="2533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="6900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Residential vs." xmpDM:startTime="30367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Ethernet Residential Distance: up to 200m Scale: Few MAC addresses 4096 VLANs Protection: Spanning tree Path determined by" xmpDM:startTime="30367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="spanning tree Simple service Priority  Aggregate QoS No performance/Error monitoring (OAM) Data Center No limit Millions of MAC Addresses" xmpDM:startTime="30367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Millions of VLANs Q-in-Q Rapid spanning tree, … (Gives 1s, need 50ms) Traffic engineered path Service Level Agreement." xmpDM:startTime="30367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Rate Control." xmpDM:startTime="30367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Need per-flow/per-class QoS Need performance/BER" xmpDM:startTime="30367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802 Address Format Multicast = “To all bridges on this LAN” Broadcast = “To all stations” (Note: Local bit" xmpDM:startTime="200267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="is set) = 111111....111" xmpDM:startTime="200267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF 48-bit:1000 0000 : 0000 0001 : 0100 0011 : 0000 0000 : 1000 0000 : 0000 1100 =" xmpDM:startTime="200267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="80:01:43:00:80:0C Individual/ Group Universal/ Local 24 bits assigned by OUI Owner 1 1 22 24 Organizationally Unique Identifier (OUI)" xmpDM:startTime="200267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE Standards Numbering System IEEE 802.*" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and IEEE 802.1*" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="standards (e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Q-2011)" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="apply to all IEEE 802 technologies: IEEE 802.3" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet IEEE 802.11" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiFi IEEE 802.16" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiMAX 802.2" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Logical Link Control 802.1" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridging 802.3" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet 802.11" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="WiFi 802.17" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Resilient Packet Ring (RPR) 802.1" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Management 802 Overview and Architecture 802.10" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Security … … …" xmpDM:startTime="803900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE Standards Numbering (Cont) IEEE 802.3*" xmpDM:startTime="1006867" 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xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1w-2001" xmpDM:startTime="1006867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="was merged with IEEE 802.1D-2004" xmpDM:startTime="1006867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Standards used to be numbered, sequentially, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1006867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1a," xmpDM:startTime="1006867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="…, 802.1z," xmpDM:startTime="1006867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="802.1aa," xmpDM:startTime="1006867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="802.1ab," xmpDM:startTime="1006867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="… Recently they started showing base standards in the additions, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1006867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Qau-2010" xmpDM:startTime="1006867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1006867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Names, IDs, Locators Locator changes as you move, ID and Names remain the same." xmpDM:startTime="1077533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Examples: Names: Company names, DNS names (Microsoft.com)" xmpDM:startTime="1077533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IDs: Cell phone numbers, 800-numbers, Ethernet addresses, Skype ID, VOIP Phone number Locators: Wired phone numbers, IP addresses Name: John" xmpDM:startTime="1077533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Smith ID: 012-34-5678 Locator: 1234 Main Street Big City, MO 12345 USA" xmpDM:startTime="1077533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices H H B H H Router Extended LAN =Broadcast domain LAN= Collision Domain Network Datalink Physical Transport Router" xmpDM:startTime="1246933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridge/Switch Repeater/Hub Gateway Application Network Datalink Physical Transport Application" xmpDM:startTime="1246933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices (Cont) Repeater: PHY device that restores data and collision signals Hub: Multiport repeater + fault detection and recovery" xmpDM:startTime="1408200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridge: Datalink layer device connecting two or more collision domains." xmpDM:startTime="1408200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC multicasts are propagated throughout “extended LAN.”" xmpDM:startTime="1408200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Router: Network layer device." xmpDM:startTime="1408200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IP, IPX, AppleTalk." xmpDM:startTime="1408200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Does not propagate MAC multicasts." xmpDM:startTime="1408200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch: Multiport bridge with parallel paths These are functions." xmpDM:startTime="1408200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Packaging varies." xmpDM:startTime="1408200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1408200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices H H B H H Router Extended LAN =Broadcast domain LAN= Collision Domain Network Datalink Physical Transport Router" xmpDM:startTime="1409633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridge/Switch Repeater/Hub Gateway Application Network Datalink Physical Transport Application" xmpDM:startTime="1409633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices (Cont) Repeater: PHY device that restores data and collision signals Hub: Multiport repeater + fault detection and recovery" xmpDM:startTime="1485367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridge: Datalink layer device connecting two or more collision domains." xmpDM:startTime="1485367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC multicasts are propagated throughout “extended LAN.”" xmpDM:startTime="1485367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Router: Network layer device." xmpDM:startTime="1485367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IP, IPX, AppleTalk." xmpDM:startTime="1485367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Does not propagate MAC multicasts." xmpDM:startTime="1485367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch: Multiport bridge with parallel paths These are functions." xmpDM:startTime="1485367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Packaging varies." xmpDM:startTime="1485367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1485367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Speeds IEEE 802.3ba-2010" xmpDM:startTime="1547567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(40G/100G) standard 10Mbps, 100 Mbps, 1 Gbps versions have both CSMA/CD and Full-duplex versions No CSMA/CD in 10G and up" xmpDM:startTime="1547567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="No CSMA/CD in practice now even at home or at 10 Mbps 1 Gbps in residential, enterprise offices 1 Gbps" xmpDM:startTime="1547567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in Data centers, moving to 10 Gbps and 40 Gbps 100G in some carrier core networks 100G is still more" xmpDM:startTime="1547567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="expensive than 10×10G Note: only decimal bit rates are used in networking No cheating like binary byte values used in" xmpDM:startTime="1547567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="storage 1 Gbps = 109 b/s, Buy 256 GB Disk = 238.4" xmpDM:startTime="1547567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GB storage Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Gigabit_Ethernet" xmpDM:startTime="1547567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1547567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) IEEE 802.1AX-2008/IEEE" xmpDM:startTime="1641600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="802.3ad-2000" xmpDM:startTime="1641600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allows several parallel links to be combined as one link 3×1Gbps = 3 Gbps Allows any speed links to be" xmpDM:startTime="1641600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="formed Allows fault tolerance  Combined Link remains connected even if one of the member links fails Several proprietary extensions." xmpDM:startTime="1641600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="E.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1641600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="aggregate links to two switches which act as one switch." xmpDM:startTime="1641600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch 1 Switch 2 Switch 1 Switch 2B Switch 2A Ref: Enterasys, “Enterasys Design Center Networking – Connectivity and Topology" xmpDM:startTime="1641600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Design Guide,” 2013, http://www.enterasys.com/company/literature/datacenter-design-guide-wp.pdf‎" xmpDM:startTime="1641600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1641600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Spanning Tree Algorithm Helps form a tree out of a mesh topology All bridges multicast to “All bridges” My ID." xmpDM:startTime="1643067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="64-bit ID = 16-bit priority + 48-bit MAC address." xmpDM:startTime="1643067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Root ID My cost to root The bridges update their info using Dijkstra’s algorithm and rebroadcast Initially all bridges are" xmpDM:startTime="1643067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="roots but eventually converge to one root as they find out the lowest Bridge ID." xmpDM:startTime="1643067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="On each LAN, the bridge with minimum cost to the root becomes the Designated bridge All ports of all non-designated" xmpDM:startTime="1643067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bridges are blocked." xmpDM:startTime="1643067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1643067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) IEEE 802.1AX-2008/IEEE" xmpDM:startTime="1644167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="802.3ad-2000" xmpDM:startTime="1644167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allows several parallel links to be combined as one link 3×1Gbps = 3 Gbps Allows any speed links to be" xmpDM:startTime="1644167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="formed Allows fault tolerance  Combined Link remains connected even if one of the member links fails Several proprietary extensions." xmpDM:startTime="1644167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="E.g.," xmpDM:startTime="1644167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="aggregate links to two switches which act as one switch." xmpDM:startTime="1644167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch 1 Switch 2 Switch 1 Switch 2B Switch 2A Ref: Enterasys, “Enterasys Design Center Networking – Connectivity and Topology" xmpDM:startTime="1644167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Design Guide,” 2013, http://www.enterasys.com/company/literature/datacenter-design-guide-wp.pdf‎" xmpDM:startTime="1644167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1644167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Speeds IEEE 802.3ba-2010" xmpDM:startTime="1644633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(40G/100G) standard 10Mbps, 100 Mbps, 1 Gbps versions have both CSMA/CD and Full-duplex versions No CSMA/CD in 10G and up" xmpDM:startTime="1644633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="No CSMA/CD in practice now even at home or at 10 Mbps 1 Gbps in residential, enterprise offices 1 Gbps" xmpDM:startTime="1644633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in Data centers, moving to 10 Gbps and 40 Gbps 100G in some carrier core networks 100G is still more" xmpDM:startTime="1644633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="expensive than 10×10G Note: only decimal bit rates are used in networking No cheating like binary byte values used in" xmpDM:startTime="1644633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="storage 1 Gbps = 109 b/s, Buy 256 GB Disk = 238.4" xmpDM:startTime="1644633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GB storage Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Gigabit_Ethernet" xmpDM:startTime="1644633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1644633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices (Cont) Repeater: PHY device that restores data and collision signals Hub: Multiport repeater + fault detection and recovery" xmpDM:startTime="1707767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridge: Datalink layer device connecting two or more collision domains." xmpDM:startTime="1707767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC multicasts are propagated throughout “extended LAN.”" xmpDM:startTime="1707767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Router: Network layer device." xmpDM:startTime="1707767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IP, IPX, AppleTalk." xmpDM:startTime="1707767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Does not propagate MAC multicasts." xmpDM:startTime="1707767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch: Multiport bridge with parallel paths These are functions." xmpDM:startTime="1707767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Packaging varies." xmpDM:startTime="1707767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1707767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices H H B H H Router Extended LAN =Broadcast domain LAN= Collision Domain Network Datalink Physical Transport Router" xmpDM:startTime="1708333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridge/Switch Repeater/Hub Gateway Application Network Datalink Physical Transport Application" xmpDM:startTime="1708333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices (Cont) Repeater: PHY device that restores data and collision signals Hub: Multiport repeater + fault detection and recovery" xmpDM:startTime="1847267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Bridge: Datalink layer device connecting two or more collision domains." xmpDM:startTime="1847267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MAC multicasts are propagated throughout “extended LAN.”" xmpDM:startTime="1847267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Router: Network layer device." xmpDM:startTime="1847267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IP, IPX, AppleTalk." xmpDM:startTime="1847267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Does not propagate MAC multicasts." xmpDM:startTime="1847267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch: Multiport bridge with parallel paths These are functions." xmpDM:startTime="1847267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Packaging varies." xmpDM:startTime="1847267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1847267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Speeds IEEE 802.3ba-2010" xmpDM:startTime="1848133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(40G/100G) standard 10Mbps, 100 Mbps, 1 Gbps versions have both CSMA/CD and Full-duplex versions No CSMA/CD in 10G and up" xmpDM:startTime="1848133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="No CSMA/CD in practice now even at home or at 10 Mbps 1 Gbps in residential, enterprise offices 1 Gbps" xmpDM:startTime="1848133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in Data centers, moving to 10 Gbps and 40 Gbps 100G in some carrier core networks 100G is still more" xmpDM:startTime="1848133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="expensive than 10×10G Note: only decimal bit rates are used in networking No cheating like binary byte values used in" xmpDM:startTime="1848133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="storage 1 Gbps = 109 b/s, Buy 256 GB Disk = 238.4" xmpDM:startTime="1848133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="GB storage Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/100_Gigabit_Ethernet" xmpDM:startTime="1848133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1848133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP) IEEE 802.1AX-2008/IEEE" xmpDM:startTime="2174733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="802.3ad-2000" xmpDM:startTime="2174733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allows several parallel links to be combined as one link 3×1Gbps = 3 Gbps Allows any speed links to be" xmpDM:startTime="2174733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="formed Allows fault tolerance  Combined Link remains connected even if one of the member links fails Several proprietary extensions." xmpDM:startTime="2174733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="E.g.," xmpDM:startTime="2174733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="aggregate links to two switches which act as one switch." xmpDM:startTime="2174733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch 1 Switch 2 Switch 1 Switch 2B Switch 2A Ref: Enterasys, “Enterasys Design Center Networking – Connectivity and Topology" xmpDM:startTime="2174733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Design Guide,” 2013, http://www.enterasys.com/company/literature/datacenter-design-guide-wp.pdf‎" xmpDM:startTime="2174733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2174733" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Spanning Tree Algorithm Helps form a tree out of a mesh topology All bridges multicast to “All bridges” My ID." xmpDM:startTime="2306667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="64-bit ID = 16-bit priority + 48-bit MAC address." xmpDM:startTime="2306667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Root ID My cost to root The bridges update their info using Dijkstra’s algorithm and rebroadcast Initially all bridges are" xmpDM:startTime="2306667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="roots but eventually converge to one root as they find out the lowest Bridge ID." xmpDM:startTime="2306667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="On each LAN, the bridge with minimum cost to the root becomes the Designated bridge All ports of all non-designated" xmpDM:startTime="2306667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="bridges are blocked." xmpDM:startTime="2306667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2306667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Spanning Tree Example 101 105 107 106 102 104 103 101 105 107 106 102 104 103 Root Ref: Cisco," xmpDM:startTime="2544633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="“Understanding Spanning-Tree Protocol Topology Changes,” http://www.cisco.com/en/US/tech/tk389/tk621/technologies_tech_note09186a0080094797.shtml" xmpDM:startTime="2544633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2544633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 4 Which links in the following diagram will be blocked by spanning tree? Justify your answer." xmpDM:startTime="2611333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="101 102 103 104" xmpDM:startTime="2611333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhancements to STP A topology change can result in 1 minute of traffic loss with STP  All TCP connections" xmpDM:startTime="2661433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="break Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) IEEE 802.1w-2001" xmpDM:startTime="2661433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="incorporated in IEEE 802.1D-2004" xmpDM:startTime="2661433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One tree for all VLANs  Common spanning tree Many trees  Multiple spanning tree (MST) protocol IEEE 802.1s-2002" xmpDM:startTime="2661433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="incorporated in IEEE 802.1Q-2005" xmpDM:startTime="2661433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One or more VLANs per tree." xmpDM:startTime="2661433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2661433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 4 Which links in the following diagram will be blocked by spanning tree? Justify your answer." xmpDM:startTime="2675067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="101 102 103 104" xmpDM:startTime="2675067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhancements to STP A topology change can result in 1 minute of traffic loss with STP  All TCP connections" xmpDM:startTime="2698567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="break Rapid Spanning Tree Protocol (RSTP) IEEE 802.1w-2001" xmpDM:startTime="2698567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="incorporated in IEEE 802.1D-2004" xmpDM:startTime="2698567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One tree for all VLANs  Common spanning tree Many trees  Multiple spanning tree (MST) protocol IEEE 802.1s-2002" xmpDM:startTime="2698567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="incorporated in IEEE 802.1Q-2005" xmpDM:startTime="2698567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="One or more VLANs per tree." xmpDM:startTime="2698567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2698567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MSTP (Multiple Spanning Tree) MSTP (Multiple STP) IEEE 802.1s-2002" xmpDM:startTime="2831600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="incorporated in IEEE 802.1Q-2005" xmpDM:startTime="2831600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Each tree serves a group of VLANs." xmpDM:startTime="2831600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A bridge port could be in forwarding state for some VLANs and blocked state for others." xmpDM:startTime="2831600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch 1 Switch 2 Switch 3" xmpDM:startTime="2831600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IS-IS Protocol Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) is a protocol to build routing tables." xmpDM:startTime="2943933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link-State routing protocol =&gt; Each nodes sends its connectivity (link state) information to all nodes in the network Dijkstra’s algorithm" xmpDM:startTime="2943933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="is then used by each node to build its routing table." xmpDM:startTime="2943933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Similar to OSPF (Open Shortest Path First)." xmpDM:startTime="2943933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="OSPF is designed for IPv4 and then extended for IPv6." xmpDM:startTime="2943933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IS-IS is general enough to be used with any type of addresses OSPF is designed to run on the top" xmpDM:startTime="2943933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="of IP IS-IS is general enough to be used on any transport  Adopted by Ethernet Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IS-IS" xmpDM:startTime="2943933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2943933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Shortest Path Bridging IEEE 802.1aq-2012" xmpDM:startTime="3157767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allows all links to be used  Better CapEx IS-IS link state protocol (similar to OSPF) is used to build" xmpDM:startTime="3157767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="shortest path trees for each node to every other node within the SPB domain Equal-cost multi-path (ECMP) used to distribute" xmpDM:startTime="3157767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="load Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shortest_Path_Bridging" xmpDM:startTime="3157767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Access Aggregation Server2 Server3 Server4 Server1 Switch Switch Switch Switch Switch Switch" xmpDM:startTime="3157767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is a LAN? LAN = Single broadcast domain = Subnet No routing between members of a LAN Routing required" xmpDM:startTime="3372267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="between LANs Router Client n Client 1 Server LAN 1 LAN 2 Router Bridge" xmpDM:startTime="3372267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is a Virtual LAN Users Switches Servers Switches Routers Marketing LAN Engineering LAN Manufacturing LAN Router Physical View Logical" xmpDM:startTime="3479233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="View" xmpDM:startTime="3479233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Virtual LAN Virtual LAN = Broadcasts and multicast goes only to the nodes in the virtual LAN LAN membership defined" xmpDM:startTime="3551200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="by the network manager  Virtual S S S R R" xmpDM:startTime="3551200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Types of Virtual LANs Layer-1 VLAN = Group of Physical ports Layer-2 VLAN = Group of MAC addresses Layer-3 VLAN" xmpDM:startTime="3654600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= IP subnet 1 2 23.45.6" xmpDM:startTime="3654600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IPX VLAN1 VLAN2 Switch Port A1  A2  A3  B1  B2  A1B234565600 D34578923434 1345678903333 3438473450555 4387434304343" xmpDM:startTime="3654600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4780357056135 4153953470641 3473436374133 3403847333412 3483434343143 4343134134234 21B234565600 634578923434 8345678903333 9438473450555 5387434304343 6780357056135 9153953470641 0473436374133 8403847333412 8483434343143 0343134134234 VLAN1 VLAN2 VLAN" xmpDM:startTime="3654600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3654600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3701033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tag Tag Protocol Identifier (TPI) Priority Code Point (PCP): 3 bits = 8 priorities 0..7" xmpDM:startTime="3701033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(High) Canonical Format Indicator (CFI): 0  Standard Ethernet, 1  IBM Token Ring format (non-canonical or non-standard) CFI now" xmpDM:startTime="3701033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="replaced by Drop Eligibility Indicator (DEI) VLAN Identifier (12 bits  4095 VLANs) Switches forward based on MAC address +" xmpDM:startTime="3701033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VLAN ID Unknown addresses are flooded." xmpDM:startTime="3701033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: Canonical vs." xmpDM:startTime="3701033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MSB Addresses, http://support.lexmark.com/index?page=content&amp;id=HO1299&amp;locale=en&amp;userlocale=EN_US" xmpDM:startTime="3701033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: G." xmpDM:startTime="3701033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Santana, “Data Center Virtualization Fundamentals,” Cisco Press, 2014, ISBN:1587143240 DA SA TPI Priority T/L CFI/DEI VLAN ID Data CRC DA" xmpDM:startTime="3701033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SA T/L Data CRC 32b IEEE 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3701033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Header 16b 3b 1b 12b 16b 32b 48b 48b Untagged Frame Tagged Frame" xmpDM:startTime="3701033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) IEEE 802.1AB-2009" xmpDM:startTime="3702933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Neighbor discovery by periodic advertisements Every minute a LLC frame is sent on every port to neighbors LLDP frame contains" xmpDM:startTime="3702933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="information in the form of Type-Length-Value (TLV) Types: My Chassis ID, My Port ID, Time-to-live, Port description (Manufacturer, product name," xmpDM:startTime="3702933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="version), Administratively assigned system name, capabilities, MAC address, IP Address, Power-via-MDI, Link aggregation, maximum frame size, … Type Len Value" xmpDM:startTime="3702933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Type Len Value CRC DA SA Len LLC … Ref: Extreme Networks, “Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP),” http://www.extremenetworks.com/libraries/products/LLDP_TB.pdf‎" xmpDM:startTime="3702933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: M." xmpDM:startTime="3702933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Srinivasan, “Tutorial on LLDP,” http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1272069" xmpDM:startTime="3702933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_Layer_Discovery_Protocol" xmpDM:startTime="3702933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3702933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3704033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tag Tag Protocol Identifier (TPI) Priority Code Point (PCP): 3 bits = 8 priorities 0..7" xmpDM:startTime="3704033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(High) Canonical Format Indicator (CFI): 0  Standard Ethernet, 1  IBM Token Ring format (non-canonical or non-standard) CFI now" xmpDM:startTime="3704033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="replaced by Drop Eligibility Indicator (DEI) VLAN Identifier (12 bits  4095 VLANs) Switches forward based on MAC address +" xmpDM:startTime="3704033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VLAN ID Unknown addresses are flooded." xmpDM:startTime="3704033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: Canonical vs." xmpDM:startTime="3704033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MSB Addresses, http://support.lexmark.com/index?page=content&amp;id=HO1299&amp;locale=en&amp;userlocale=EN_US" xmpDM:startTime="3704033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: G." xmpDM:startTime="3704033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Santana, “Data Center Virtualization Fundamentals,” Cisco Press, 2014, ISBN:1587143240 DA SA TPI Priority T/L CFI/DEI VLAN ID Data CRC DA" xmpDM:startTime="3704033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SA T/L Data CRC 32b IEEE 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3704033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Header 16b 3b 1b 12b 16b 32b 48b 48b Untagged Frame Tagged Frame" xmpDM:startTime="3704033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Types of Virtual LANs Layer-1 VLAN = Group of Physical ports Layer-2 VLAN = Group of MAC addresses Layer-3 VLAN" xmpDM:startTime="3704367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="= IP subnet 1 2 23.45.6" xmpDM:startTime="3704367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IPX VLAN1 VLAN2 Switch Port A1  A2  A3  B1  B2  A1B234565600 D34578923434 1345678903333 3438473450555 4387434304343" xmpDM:startTime="3704367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4780357056135 4153953470641 3473436374133 3403847333412 3483434343143 4343134134234 21B234565600 634578923434 8345678903333 9438473450555 5387434304343 6780357056135 9153953470641 0473436374133 8403847333412 8483434343143 0343134134234 VLAN1 VLAN2 VLAN" xmpDM:startTime="3704367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3704367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3798467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tag Tag Protocol Identifier (TPI) Priority Code Point (PCP): 3 bits = 8 priorities 0..7" xmpDM:startTime="3798467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(High) Canonical Format Indicator (CFI): 0  Standard Ethernet, 1  IBM Token Ring format (non-canonical or non-standard) CFI now" xmpDM:startTime="3798467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="replaced by Drop Eligibility Indicator (DEI) VLAN Identifier (12 bits  4095 VLANs) Switches forward based on MAC address +" xmpDM:startTime="3798467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VLAN ID Unknown addresses are flooded." xmpDM:startTime="3798467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: Canonical vs." xmpDM:startTime="3798467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MSB Addresses, http://support.lexmark.com/index?page=content&amp;id=HO1299&amp;locale=en&amp;userlocale=EN_US" xmpDM:startTime="3798467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: G." xmpDM:startTime="3798467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Santana, “Data Center Virtualization Fundamentals,” Cisco Press, 2014, ISBN:1587143240 DA SA TPI Priority T/L CFI/DEI VLAN ID Data CRC DA" xmpDM:startTime="3798467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SA T/L Data CRC 32b IEEE 802.1Q-2011" xmpDM:startTime="3798467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Header 16b 3b 1b 12b 16b 32b 48b 48b Untagged Frame Tagged Frame" xmpDM:startTime="3798467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP) IEEE 802.1AB-2009" xmpDM:startTime="4039933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Neighbor discovery by periodic advertisements Every minute a LLC frame is sent on every port to neighbors LLDP frame contains" xmpDM:startTime="4039933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="information in the form of Type-Length-Value (TLV) Types: My Chassis ID, My Port ID, Time-to-live, Port description (Manufacturer, product name," xmpDM:startTime="4039933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="version), Administratively assigned system name, capabilities, MAC address, IP Address, Power-via-MDI, Link aggregation, maximum frame size, … Type Len Value" xmpDM:startTime="4039933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Type Len Value CRC DA SA Len LLC … Ref: Extreme Networks, “Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP),” http://www.extremenetworks.com/libraries/products/LLDP_TB.pdf‎" xmpDM:startTime="4039933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: M." xmpDM:startTime="4039933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Srinivasan, “Tutorial on LLDP,” http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1272069" xmpDM:startTime="4039933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link_Layer_Discovery_Protocol" xmpDM:startTime="4039933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4039933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Bridging Goal: To enable storage traffic over Ethernet Four Standards: Priority-based Flow Control (IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011)" xmpDM:startTime="4283667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection (IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011)" xmpDM:startTime="4283667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Congestion Control (IEEE 802.1Qau-2010)" xmpDM:startTime="4283667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Bridging Exchange (IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011)" xmpDM:startTime="4283667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: M." xmpDM:startTime="4283667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Hagen, “Data Center Bridging Tutorial,” http://www.iol.unh.edu/services/testing/dcb/training/DCB-Tutorial.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4283667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4283667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame Defined in IEEE 802.3x-1997." xmpDM:startTime="4391133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A form of on-off flow control." xmpDM:startTime="4391133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A receiving switch can stop the adjoining sending switch by sending a “Pause” frame." xmpDM:startTime="4391133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops the sender from sending any further information for a time specified in the pause frame." xmpDM:startTime="4391133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="The frame is addressed to a standard (well-known) multicast address." xmpDM:startTime="4391133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This address is acted upon but not forwarded." xmpDM:startTime="4391133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops all traffic." xmpDM:startTime="4391133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Causes congestion backup." xmpDM:startTime="4391133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch 1 Switch 2 Pause Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_flow_control" xmpDM:startTime="4391133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4391133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC) IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4453100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4453100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="allows any single priority to be stopped." xmpDM:startTime="4453100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Others keep sending Ref: J." xmpDM:startTime="4453100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L." xmpDM:startTime="4453100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="White, “Technical Overview of Data Center Networks,” SNIA, 2013, http://www.snia.org/sites/default/education/" xmpDM:startTime="4453100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="tutorials/2012/fall/networking/JosephWhite_Technical%20Overview%20of%20Data%20Center%20Networks.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4453100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority 0 Priority 1 Priority 7 Pause … …" xmpDM:startTime="4453100" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4502400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Goal: Guarantee bandwidth for applications sharing a link Traffic is divided in to 8 classes (not priorities) The classes are" xmpDM:startTime="4502400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="grouped." xmpDM:startTime="4502400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Standard requires min 3 groups: 1 with PFC (Storage with low loss), 1 W/O PFC (LAN), 1 Strict Priority (Inter-process" xmpDM:startTime="4502400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="communication and VOIP with low latency) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3" xmpDM:startTime="4502400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Classes Groups LAN Best Effort Storage Low Loss Inter-Process Comm+VOIP Low Delay" xmpDM:startTime="4502400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC) IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4504633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4504633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="allows any single priority to be stopped." xmpDM:startTime="4504633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Others keep sending Ref: J." xmpDM:startTime="4504633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L." xmpDM:startTime="4504633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="White, “Technical Overview of Data Center Networks,” SNIA, 2013, http://www.snia.org/sites/default/education/" xmpDM:startTime="4504633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="tutorials/2012/fall/networking/JosephWhite_Technical%20Overview%20of%20Data%20Center%20Networks.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4504633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority 0 Priority 1 Priority 7 Pause … …" xmpDM:startTime="4504633" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame Defined in IEEE 802.3x-1997." xmpDM:startTime="4505667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A form of on-off flow control." xmpDM:startTime="4505667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A receiving switch can stop the adjoining sending switch by sending a “Pause” frame." xmpDM:startTime="4505667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops the sender from sending any further information for a time specified in the pause frame." xmpDM:startTime="4505667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="The frame is addressed to a standard (well-known) multicast address." xmpDM:startTime="4505667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This address is acted upon but not forwarded." xmpDM:startTime="4505667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops all traffic." xmpDM:startTime="4505667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Causes congestion backup." xmpDM:startTime="4505667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch 1 Switch 2 Pause Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_flow_control" xmpDM:startTime="4505667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4505667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Bridging Goal: To enable storage traffic over Ethernet Four Standards: Priority-based Flow Control (IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011)" xmpDM:startTime="4505900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection (IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011)" xmpDM:startTime="4505900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Congestion Control (IEEE 802.1Qau-2010)" xmpDM:startTime="4505900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Bridging Exchange (IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011)" xmpDM:startTime="4505900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: M." xmpDM:startTime="4505900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Hagen, “Data Center Bridging Tutorial,” http://www.iol.unh.edu/services/testing/dcb/training/DCB-Tutorial.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4505900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4505900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame Defined in IEEE 802.3x-1997." xmpDM:startTime="4511533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A form of on-off flow control." xmpDM:startTime="4511533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A receiving switch can stop the adjoining sending switch by sending a “Pause” frame." xmpDM:startTime="4511533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops the sender from sending any further information for a time specified in the pause frame." xmpDM:startTime="4511533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="The frame is addressed to a standard (well-known) multicast address." xmpDM:startTime="4511533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This address is acted upon but not forwarded." xmpDM:startTime="4511533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops all traffic." xmpDM:startTime="4511533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Causes congestion backup." xmpDM:startTime="4511533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch 1 Switch 2 Pause Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_flow_control" xmpDM:startTime="4511533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4511533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC) IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4511933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4511933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="allows any single priority to be stopped." xmpDM:startTime="4511933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Others keep sending Ref: J." xmpDM:startTime="4511933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L." xmpDM:startTime="4511933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="White, “Technical Overview of Data Center Networks,” SNIA, 2013, http://www.snia.org/sites/default/education/" xmpDM:startTime="4511933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="tutorials/2012/fall/networking/JosephWhite_Technical%20Overview%20of%20Data%20Center%20Networks.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4511933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority 0 Priority 1 Priority 7 Pause … …" xmpDM:startTime="4511933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4512267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Goal: Guarantee bandwidth for applications sharing a link Traffic is divided in to 8 classes (not priorities) The classes are" xmpDM:startTime="4512267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="grouped." xmpDM:startTime="4512267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Standard requires min 3 groups: 1 with PFC (Storage with low loss), 1 W/O PFC (LAN), 1 Strict Priority (Inter-process" xmpDM:startTime="4512267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="communication and VOIP with low latency) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3" xmpDM:startTime="4512267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Classes Groups LAN Best Effort Storage Low Loss Inter-Process Comm+VOIP Low Delay" xmpDM:startTime="4512267" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC) IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4514433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4514433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="allows any single priority to be stopped." xmpDM:startTime="4514433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Others keep sending Ref: J." xmpDM:startTime="4514433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L." xmpDM:startTime="4514433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="White, “Technical Overview of Data Center Networks,” SNIA, 2013, http://www.snia.org/sites/default/education/" xmpDM:startTime="4514433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="tutorials/2012/fall/networking/JosephWhite_Technical%20Overview%20of%20Data%20Center%20Networks.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4514433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority 0 Priority 1 Priority 7 Pause … …" xmpDM:startTime="4514433" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4515600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Goal: Guarantee bandwidth for applications sharing a link Traffic is divided in to 8 classes (not priorities) The classes are" xmpDM:startTime="4515600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="grouped." xmpDM:startTime="4515600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Standard requires min 3 groups: 1 with PFC (Storage with low loss), 1 W/O PFC (LAN), 1 Strict Priority (Inter-process" xmpDM:startTime="4515600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="communication and VOIP with low latency) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3" xmpDM:startTime="4515600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Classes Groups LAN Best Effort Storage Low Loss Inter-Process Comm+VOIP Low Delay" xmpDM:startTime="4515600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC) IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4576000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4576000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="allows any single priority to be stopped." xmpDM:startTime="4576000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Others keep sending Ref: J." xmpDM:startTime="4576000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L." xmpDM:startTime="4576000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="White, “Technical Overview of Data Center Networks,” SNIA, 2013, http://www.snia.org/sites/default/education/" xmpDM:startTime="4576000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="tutorials/2012/fall/networking/JosephWhite_Technical%20Overview%20of%20Data%20Center%20Networks.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4576000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority 0 Priority 1 Priority 7 Pause … …" xmpDM:startTime="4576000" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame Defined in IEEE 802.3x-1997." xmpDM:startTime="4577500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A form of on-off flow control." xmpDM:startTime="4577500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A receiving switch can stop the adjoining sending switch by sending a “Pause” frame." xmpDM:startTime="4577500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops the sender from sending any further information for a time specified in the pause frame." xmpDM:startTime="4577500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="The frame is addressed to a standard (well-known) multicast address." xmpDM:startTime="4577500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This address is acted upon but not forwarded." xmpDM:startTime="4577500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops all traffic." xmpDM:startTime="4577500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Causes congestion backup." xmpDM:startTime="4577500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch 1 Switch 2 Pause Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_flow_control" xmpDM:startTime="4577500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4577500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC) IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4578400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4578400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="allows any single priority to be stopped." xmpDM:startTime="4578400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Others keep sending Ref: J." xmpDM:startTime="4578400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L." xmpDM:startTime="4578400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="White, “Technical Overview of Data Center Networks,” SNIA, 2013, http://www.snia.org/sites/default/education/" xmpDM:startTime="4578400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="tutorials/2012/fall/networking/JosephWhite_Technical%20Overview%20of%20Data%20Center%20Networks.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4578400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority 0 Priority 1 Priority 7 Pause … …" xmpDM:startTime="4578400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4578667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Goal: Guarantee bandwidth for applications sharing a link Traffic is divided in to 8 classes (not priorities) The classes are" xmpDM:startTime="4578667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="grouped." xmpDM:startTime="4578667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Standard requires min 3 groups: 1 with PFC (Storage with low loss), 1 W/O PFC (LAN), 1 Strict Priority (Inter-process" xmpDM:startTime="4578667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="communication and VOIP with low latency) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3" xmpDM:startTime="4578667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Classes Groups LAN Best Effort Storage Low Loss Inter-Process Comm+VOIP Low Delay" xmpDM:startTime="4578667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ETS (Cont) Bandwidth allocated per class group in 1% increment but 10% precision (±10% error)." xmpDM:startTime="4647867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Max 75% allocated Þ Min 25% best effort Fairness within a group All unused bandwidth is available to all classes" xmpDM:startTime="4647867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="wanting more bandwidth." xmpDM:startTime="4647867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocation algorithm not defined." xmpDM:startTime="4647867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example: Group 1=20%, Group 2=30% Class Group 3 Transmit Queue 0 Transmit Queue 1 Transmit Queue 2 Transmit Queue 3" xmpDM:startTime="4647867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Transmit Queue 4 Transmit Queue 5 Transmit Queue 6 Transmit Queue 7 20 20 10 20 30 50 30 50" xmpDM:startTime="4647867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="50 20 20 10 20 30 50 30 50 t=1 t=2 t=3 t=1 t=2 t=3 Class Group 2 Class Group" xmpDM:startTime="4647867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1 20" xmpDM:startTime="4647867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4683567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Goal: Guarantee bandwidth for applications sharing a link Traffic is divided in to 8 classes (not priorities) The classes are" xmpDM:startTime="4683567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="grouped." xmpDM:startTime="4683567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Standard requires min 3 groups: 1 with PFC (Storage with low loss), 1 W/O PFC (LAN), 1 Strict Priority (Inter-process" xmpDM:startTime="4683567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="communication and VOIP with low latency) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3" xmpDM:startTime="4683567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Classes Groups LAN Best Effort Storage Low Loss Inter-Process Comm+VOIP Low Delay" xmpDM:startTime="4683567" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC) IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4684233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4684233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="allows any single priority to be stopped." xmpDM:startTime="4684233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Others keep sending Ref: J." xmpDM:startTime="4684233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L." xmpDM:startTime="4684233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="White, “Technical Overview of Data Center Networks,” SNIA, 2013, http://www.snia.org/sites/default/education/" xmpDM:startTime="4684233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="tutorials/2012/fall/networking/JosephWhite_Technical%20Overview%20of%20Data%20Center%20Networks.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4684233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority 0 Priority 1 Priority 7 Pause … …" xmpDM:startTime="4684233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame Defined in IEEE 802.3x-1997." xmpDM:startTime="4690067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A form of on-off flow control." xmpDM:startTime="4690067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A receiving switch can stop the adjoining sending switch by sending a “Pause” frame." xmpDM:startTime="4690067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops the sender from sending any further information for a time specified in the pause frame." xmpDM:startTime="4690067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="The frame is addressed to a standard (well-known) multicast address." xmpDM:startTime="4690067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This address is acted upon but not forwarded." xmpDM:startTime="4690067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops all traffic." xmpDM:startTime="4690067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Causes congestion backup." xmpDM:startTime="4690067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch 1 Switch 2 Pause Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_flow_control" xmpDM:startTime="4690067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4690067" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Bridging Goal: To enable storage traffic over Ethernet Four Standards: Priority-based Flow Control (IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011)" xmpDM:startTime="4693033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection (IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011)" xmpDM:startTime="4693033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Congestion Control (IEEE 802.1Qau-2010)" xmpDM:startTime="4693033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Bridging Exchange (IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011)" xmpDM:startTime="4693033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: M." xmpDM:startTime="4693033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Hagen, “Data Center Bridging Tutorial,” http://www.iol.unh.edu/services/testing/dcb/training/DCB-Tutorial.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4693033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4693033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame Defined in IEEE 802.3x-1997." xmpDM:startTime="4696467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A form of on-off flow control." xmpDM:startTime="4696467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A receiving switch can stop the adjoining sending switch by sending a “Pause” frame." xmpDM:startTime="4696467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops the sender from sending any further information for a time specified in the pause frame." xmpDM:startTime="4696467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="The frame is addressed to a standard (well-known) multicast address." xmpDM:startTime="4696467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="This address is acted upon but not forwarded." xmpDM:startTime="4696467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Stops all traffic." xmpDM:startTime="4696467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Causes congestion backup." xmpDM:startTime="4696467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Switch 1 Switch 2 Pause Ref: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_flow_control" xmpDM:startTime="4696467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4696467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC) IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4696933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Qbb-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4696933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="allows any single priority to be stopped." xmpDM:startTime="4696933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Others keep sending Ref: J." xmpDM:startTime="4696933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="L." xmpDM:startTime="4696933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="White, “Technical Overview of Data Center Networks,” SNIA, 2013, http://www.snia.org/sites/default/education/" xmpDM:startTime="4696933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="tutorials/2012/fall/networking/JosephWhite_Technical%20Overview%20of%20Data%20Center%20Networks.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="4696933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority 0 Priority 1 Priority 7 Pause … …" xmpDM:startTime="4696933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection IEEE 802.1Qaz-2011" xmpDM:startTime="4697333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Goal: Guarantee bandwidth for applications sharing a link Traffic is divided in to 8 classes (not priorities) The classes are" xmpDM:startTime="4697333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="grouped." xmpDM:startTime="4697333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Standard requires min 3 groups: 1 with PFC (Storage with low loss), 1 W/O PFC (LAN), 1 Strict Priority (Inter-process" xmpDM:startTime="4697333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="communication and VOIP with low latency) 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Group 1 Group 2 Group 3" xmpDM:startTime="4697333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Classes Groups LAN Best Effort Storage Low Loss Inter-Process Comm+VOIP Low Delay" xmpDM:startTime="4697333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ETS (Cont) Bandwidth allocated per class group in 1% increment but 10% precision (±10% error)." xmpDM:startTime="4697967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Max 75% allocated Þ Min 25% best effort Fairness within a group All unused bandwidth is available to all classes" xmpDM:startTime="4697967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="wanting more bandwidth." xmpDM:startTime="4697967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Allocation algorithm not defined." xmpDM:startTime="4697967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example: Group 1=20%, Group 2=30% Class Group 3 Transmit Queue 0 Transmit Queue 1 Transmit Queue 2 Transmit Queue 3" xmpDM:startTime="4697967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Transmit Queue 4 Transmit Queue 5 Transmit Queue 6 Transmit Queue 7 20 20 10 20 30 50 30 50" xmpDM:startTime="4697967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="50 20 20 10 20 30 50 30 50 t=1 t=2 t=3 t=1 t=2 t=3 Class Group 2 Class Group" xmpDM:startTime="4697967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1 20" xmpDM:startTime="4697967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li></rdf:Seq>
                     </xmpDM:markers>
                  </rdf:Description>
               </rdf:li>
               <rdf:li>
                  <rdf:Description xmpDM:trackType="TableOfContents" xmpDM:frameRate="f1000" xmpDM:trackName="Table of Contents">
                     <xmpDM:markers>
                        <rdf:Seq>
                           <rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center  Ethernet " xmpDM:startTime="0" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="0" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="0, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Overview" xmpDM:startTime="833" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="1" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="75, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Quiz: True or False?" xmpDM:startTime="1533" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="2" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="150, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Residential vs. Data Center Ethernet" xmpDM:startTime="2533" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="3" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="225, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Quiz: True or False?" xmpDM:startTime="6900" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="4" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="300, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Residential vs. Data Center Ethernet" xmpDM:startTime="30367" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="5" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="375, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802 Address Format" xmpDM:startTime="200267" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="6" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="450, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE Standards Numbering System" xmpDM:startTime="803900" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="7" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="525, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Presentation Paused" xmpDM:startTime="821567" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="8" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="600, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Presentation Resumed" xmpDM:startTime="827700" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="9" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="675, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE Standards Numbering (Cont) " xmpDM:startTime="1006867" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="10" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="750, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Names, IDs, Locators" xmpDM:startTime="1077533" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="11" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="825, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices" xmpDM:startTime="1246933" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="12" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="900, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1408200" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="13" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="975, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices" xmpDM:startTime="1409633" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="14" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1050, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1485367" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="15" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1125, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" Ethernet Speeds " xmpDM:startTime="1547567" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="16" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1200, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)" xmpDM:startTime="1641600" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="17" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1275, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Spanning Tree Algorithm" xmpDM:startTime="1643067" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="18" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1350, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)" xmpDM:startTime="1644167" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="19" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1425, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" Ethernet Speeds " xmpDM:startTime="1644633" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="20" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1500, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1707767" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="21" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1575, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices" xmpDM:startTime="1708333" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="22" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1650, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Interconnection Devices (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="1847267" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="23" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1725, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name=" Ethernet Speeds " xmpDM:startTime="1848133" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="24" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1800, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Aggregation Control Protocol (LACP)" xmpDM:startTime="2174733" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="25" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1875, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Spanning Tree Algorithm" xmpDM:startTime="2306667" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="26" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1950, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Spanning Tree Example" xmpDM:startTime="2544633" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="27" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2025, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 4" xmpDM:startTime="2611333" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="28" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2100, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhancements to STP" xmpDM:startTime="2661433" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="29" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2175, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Homework 4" xmpDM:startTime="2675067" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="30" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2250, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhancements to STP" xmpDM:startTime="2698567" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="31" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2325, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MSTP (Multiple Spanning Tree)" xmpDM:startTime="2831600" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="32" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2400, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IS-IS Protocol" xmpDM:startTime="2943933" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="33" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2475, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Shortest Path Bridging" xmpDM:startTime="3157767" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="34" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2550, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is a LAN?" xmpDM:startTime="3372267" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="35" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2625, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is a Virtual LAN" xmpDM:startTime="3479233" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="36" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2700, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Virtual LAN" xmpDM:startTime="3551200" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="37" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2775, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Types of Virtual LANs" xmpDM:startTime="3654600" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="38" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2850, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Q-2011 Tag" xmpDM:startTime="3701033" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="39" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="2925, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)" xmpDM:startTime="3702933" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="40" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3000, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Q-2011 Tag" xmpDM:startTime="3704033" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="41" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3075, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Types of Virtual LANs" xmpDM:startTime="3704367" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="42" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3150, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="IEEE 802.1Q-2011 Tag" xmpDM:startTime="3798467" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="43" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3225, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Link Layer Discovery Protocol (LLDP)" xmpDM:startTime="4039933" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="44" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3300, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Presentation Paused" xmpDM:startTime="4086367" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="45" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3375, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Presentation Resumed" xmpDM:startTime="4091733" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="46" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3450, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Bridging" xmpDM:startTime="4283667" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="47" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3525, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame" xmpDM:startTime="4391133" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="48" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3600, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC)" xmpDM:startTime="4453100" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="49" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3675, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection" xmpDM:startTime="4502400" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="50" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3750, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC)" xmpDM:startTime="4504633" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="51" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3825, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame" xmpDM:startTime="4505667" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="52" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3900, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Bridging" xmpDM:startTime="4505900" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="53" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="3975, 0, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame" xmpDM:startTime="4511533" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="54" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="50, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC)" xmpDM:startTime="4511933" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="55" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="125, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection" xmpDM:startTime="4512267" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="56" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="200, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC)" xmpDM:startTime="4514433" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="57" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="275, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection" xmpDM:startTime="4515600" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="58" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="350, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC)" xmpDM:startTime="4576000" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="59" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="425, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame" xmpDM:startTime="4577500" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="60" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="500, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC)" xmpDM:startTime="4578400" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="61" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="575, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection" xmpDM:startTime="4578667" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="62" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="650, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ETS (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4647867" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="63" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="725, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection" xmpDM:startTime="4683567" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="64" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="800, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC)" xmpDM:startTime="4684233" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="65" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="875, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame" xmpDM:startTime="4690067" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="66" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="950, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Data Center Bridging" xmpDM:startTime="4693033" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="67" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1025, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet Flow Control: Pause Frame" xmpDM:startTime="4696467" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="68" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1100, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Priority-based Flow Control (PFC)" xmpDM:startTime="4696933" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="69" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1175, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Enhanced Transmission Selection" xmpDM:startTime="4697333" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="70" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1250, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ETS (Cont)" xmpDM:startTime="4697967" tscDM:image="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png" tscDM:imageindex="71" tscDM:imageoffset="0" tscDM:imagerect="1325, 56, 75, 56"/></rdf:li></rdf:Seq>
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         <tscDM:controller>
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                  <rdf:Bag>
                     <rdf:li xmpDM:name="autohide" xmpDM:value="true"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="autoplay" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="loop" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="searchable" xmpDM:value="true"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="captionsenabled" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="sidebarenabled" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="unicodeenabled" xmpDM:value="false"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="backgroundcolor" xmpDM:value="000000"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="sidebarlocation" xmpDM:value="left"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="endaction" xmpDM:value="stop"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="endactionparam" xmpDM:value="true"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="locale" xmpDM:value="en-US"/></rdf:Bag>
               </tscDM:parameters>
               <tscDM:controllerText>
                  <rdf:Bag>
                  </rdf:Bag>
               </tscDM:controllerText>
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         </tscDM:controller>
         <tscDM:contentList>
            <rdf:Description>
               <tscDM:files>
                  <rdf:Seq>
                     <rdf:li xmpDM:name="0" xmpDM:value="m_04dce2.mp4"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="1" xmpDM:value="m_04dce2_First_Frame.png"/><rdf:li xmpDM:name="2" xmpDM:value="m_04dce2_Thumbnails.png"/></rdf:Seq>
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            </rdf:Description>
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   </rdf:RDF>
</x:xmpmeta>