"lp is not ready" with cups:
# cupsenable lp
If that doesn't work:
# cupsaccept lp; cupsenable lp
4-up Postscript conversion:
psnup -n4 -p<output_file.ps> <input_file.ps>
-G for border, 4 up
PostScript-to-PDF conversion with ghostscript:
gs -q -dBATCH -dNOPAUSE -sDEVICE=pdfwrite -SOutputFile=document.pdf document.ps
PDF-to-PostScript conversion with acroread:
acroread -toPostScript file.pdf
enscript -2Br -p<psfile> <filename>
-2 puts two pages on a sheet
-B omits header
-r rotates (for landscape)
-p places PostScript output in <psfile>
-f Courier-Bold10 or Courier-Bold14 for bold font
-F Courier-Bold10 or Courier-Bold14 for bold header, only
-G for gaudy header
--margins=:::65 to shift 2-up page to the right
mpage ASCII or PostScript to PostScript, multiple pages per
page, e.g.,
% agrind -f -M -d ~/lib/vgrindefs -lperl4 foo > ! foo.tex
% tex82 foo
% /usr/new/dvips -q -o foo.ps foo
% mpage -2st foo.ps > foo2.ps
mp foo | ipr -Lultrascript pretty print mail message; popular options:
-a for news article
-F print sender instead of recipient
-l for landscape (two text pages per sheet)
-o for ordinary ASCII file
-s <subject>
e.g., mp -l -s"<filename>" <filename> for source listing
ditroff -ms <file> print troff file with s macro package
pic fn | ditroff to print a picfile
tpic foo; latex foo convert tpic file foo to .dvi file
to print on a sparc printer:
lpr -Pierf128-sparc <filename> Postscript
a2ps <filename> | lpr -Pierf128-sparc ASCII
dvips -r -400 <filename>.dvi | lpr -Pierf128-sparc .dvi
psroff -Pierf128-sparc -<macro-name> <filename> troff
agrind -H -M foo.a seems to work on Sparc printer
Solarix 2.x:
% lpstat -u $USER
% cancel <first field returned by the lpstat command>
hplip scan, grayscale, low resolution, pdf:
hp-scan -n --size=letter -mgray -r75 -spdf --pdf=xpdf
With -r150, need --resize=50.
Instead of --size, can use, e.g. for half sheet,
--units=in --area=0,0,8.5,5.5
hplip scan to .jpg file, 600 dpi color, 42.5x62 mm width x height:
hp-scan -n -r600 --box=0,0,42.5,62
hplip install (Fedora 11 and probably others):
If hp-setup fails to find a .ppd file and later complains:
"Printer queue setup failed. Please restart CUPS and try again.",
then set your LC_CTYPE environment variable to C, e.g.,
$ LC_CTYPE=C sudo hp-setup
To print a .prn file directly to an HP printer that
supports FTP:
$ xhost +olympus $ wincenter -debug
-ORBobjrefstyle URL -ORBprotocolfactory uiopfactory: to use Unix domain sockets instead of Internet sockets -ORBendpoint uiop://comm_socket
wuarchive: /net/archive/archive/ linux kernels: /net/archive/archive/systems/linux/sunsite/kernel directory listing: /net/archive/archive/info/du.out gnu: /net/archive/archive/systems/gnu update request: 1) place new file in pub/incoming/unix (or whatever) 2) send update request to postmaster@wuarchive machine names: bailongo ballenato meneadito engineering science units: highlight in blue engineering design units: highlight in yellow Old system logs: /project/archive/`domainname`/`hostname`/year
create ACE build tree named SunOS5_g++: % cd $WRAPPER_ROOT % bin/create_ace_build SunOS5_g++ then setup ace/config.h and include/makeinclude/platform_macros.h build: (setenv WRAPPER_ROOT /project/lindy/levine/ACE_wrappers/build/SunOS5_g++; make clean; make BUILD='$(VLIB)'; cd ../tests; ./build_Naming_Test -g) Makefiles: The way it is in rules.*.GNU now, this is what a Makefile sets up: BIN - programs to build. LSRC - files that go into a library the Makefile is building SRC - files that go into program(s) the Makefile is building PSRC - files in addition to SRC that need to be operated on by g++dep. To run top before each compile and link: < COMPILE.cc = $(CXX) $(CCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(PTDIRS) -c --- > COMPILE.cc = top -d 2; $(CXX) $(CCFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(PTDIRS) -c > PURELINK = top -d 2; Quantify IDL_Cubit: QUANTIFYOPTIONS="-max_threads=100 -norecord-system-calls" ./server -f ior & ./client -f ior -t long -n 100000 -x
To enter GNUs from within emacs:
M-x gnus
<SPC>: enter group
c: mark group as read (catch up)
n: next
a: post an article
q: quit
u: mark article as unread (?)
d: mark article as read
to reread an article from a specific newsgroup:
l: list all newsgroups
search for the group, then hit <Enter> on it
search for the article, then hit <Enter> on it
go to a specific newsgroup:
M-x gnus-fetch-group with the name of the group as an argument
check for new news:
g
64-bit gcc build on Solaris8:
../gcc-3.4.1/configure --prefix=/opt/gcc-3.4.1 \
--without-gnu-as --without-gnu-ld --enable-multilib \
--enable-languages=c,c++,java
gcc 3.4.0 also needs --without-libffi
If you want to default the resulting tools to 64-bit ultrasparc, add:
--with-cpu=ultrasparc
If you'll only run on an ultrasparc, add:
sparcv9-sun-solaris2.8
The java support takes a long time and a lot of space to build, so
remove it if you don't need it.
older gcc/g++ build:
./configure --prefix=[install directory]
make distclean
./configure --prefix=[install directory]
make bootstrap LANGUAGES="c c++" BOOT_CFLAGS=OPTION-LIST
make install LANGUAGES="c c++"
Show assembler that g++ will use:
g++ -print-prog-name=as
Show loader that g++ will use:
g++ -print-prog-name=ld
To show predefined macros:
gcc -dM -E - < /dev/null
pure virtual method called: one possible cause is
calling a method on an object that has already been destroyed. For
example, an object that was allocated on the stack, but its address
was saved and used after that stack frame was left.
/dev/null nul device
/dev/nit network interface device
egrep -v C-v C-l [filename] to strip formfeeds
search many directories for text files with PATTERN:
$ find . -type f -print | xargs file | grep " text" |
> sed 's/:.*$//' | xargs grep PATTERN /dev/null
clri [filesystem] [inode] or
find . -inum 12345 -exec rm {} \; rm a file by referring to its
inode (from ls -i)
pages -s printer usage summary
miser cost summary (orion)
mmv multiple move
ls /usr/hosts to list hosts
ypcat -x list of nicknames and mapnames
ypcat -k aliases list YP mail aliases
praliases list sendmail aliases
ypcat auto.master list automount map
(-hosts uses hosts.byname, and automounts _all_ exported filesystems
from a host if any one is needed)
ypwhich -m list all NIS maps and their servers
/var/yp/etc/netgroup NIS netgroups
/etc/services
niscat hosts.org_dir | grep -in <host> to look for a particular host
niscat passwd.org_dir | egrep <user> show passwd file information for <user>
niscat services.org_dir | less show services
niscat netgroup.org_dir | less show netgroups
============
NIS+ setup:
Solaris NIS+ root master server:
1) Copy /etc/nsswitch.nisplus to /etc/nsswitch.conf and tweak as necessary.
2) # nisserver -Y -r -d <domainname>.
# nispopulate -F -p /etc/ -d <domainname>.
Thereafter, to add a new user (assumes that passwd and shadow
files are under RCS control):
# cd /etc
# co -l passwd shadow group
# admintool
# ci -u -m'Added <foo>.' passwd shadow group
# egrep '^<foo>' passwd | /usr/lib/nis/nisaddent -v passwd
# egrep '^<foo>' shadow | /usr/lib/nis/nisaddent -v shadow
If a user sees this warning message at login on Solaris:
Password does not decrypt secret key for unix.uid@host
then they can run chkey -p. They'll need their network
password, which might be the default of nisplus.
To check that it was added properly:
# niscat passwd.org_dir
The -h option to niscat shows the column names of the table.
To add an entry to, for example, the auto_home table:
# nistbladm -a key=foo value=server:/export/foo auto_home.org_dir
To remove an entry, for example, the above one:
# nistbladm -r key=foo auto_home.org_dir
To create a new table, for example, automount map auto_foo:
# nistbladm -Dgroup=admin.<domainname>.:access=n=r,g=rmcd -c automount_map key=S,na= value=,na= auto_foo.org_dir.<domainname>.
This is how to add an automount map entry with a mount parameter:
# nistbladm -a key=mail value="-nolock lax:/var/mail" auto_net.org_dir
It might be better to create a table with three columns (the third
named options?), though I don't know if that works.
To delete a table:
# nistbladm -d auto_foo.org_dir
------------
Solaris NIS+ client:
1) Copy /etc/nsswitch.conf from root master server.
2) # nisclient -i -d <domainname>. -h lax
The default RPC-Secure password is "nisplus".
------------
Linux NIS client:
1) add to /etc/yp.conf:
domain <domainname> server <NIS root master server name>
2) add to /etc/sysconfig/network:
NISDOMAIN=<domainname>
3) # chkconfig ypbind on
4) set up /etc/nsswitch.conf to use nis (copy it from dca)
5) # /etc/init.d/ypbind start
6) # /etc/init.d/autofs reload
============
nslookup <host> host info
echo ls `domainname` | nslookup get list of hosts in dommain
nslookup
> set type=ns
> <domain> find nameservers in domain
ping <host> send packet to host
nmap -sP -PT80 <host> ping HTTP port (using TCP)
pstat system facts
rpcinfo -p RPC portmapper info
ipcs IPC info
/usr/include/netinet/in.h containts standard port numbers, etc.
chmod +x file to make file executable
chmod go-r file to remove read permission from others
chgrp [-R] GID file to change group ownership
dd file format conversion (incl. ASCII, EBCDIC)
/usr/pub/ascii ASCII code (man ascii)
cdecl compose C type declarations
/usr/public/bin/cextract extract function prototypes
math mathematica (on buckaroo)
xency Grolier's Encyclopedia
dvi2tty preview .dvi file on text terminal
gs preview PostScript file under X
pageview preview PostScript file under OpenWindows
xloadimage or xv load a bitmap
djpeg -G -D -b convert JPEG file to GIF
xsetbg xloadimage onto root window
xbgsun use Sun rasterfile for X11 bg display
bmx bitmap conversion
icontopbm foo.icon | pbmtoxbm > foo.xbm Sun icon to X bit map conversion
xgraph plotter
texx, texx2 preview .dvi fils
xdpr X window dump
xwd -out foo.xwd X window dump (click in root window for
entire screen dump)
xgrabsc X screen dumper
/usr/openwin/bin/snapshot X window dump; can convert from Sun Rasterfile
to, e.g., Postscript with xv
xv Windows/Color Editor for editing an images' colormap
create .Xauthority entry: % xauth < add :0 . nnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn
start X using auth:
% exec xinit -- /opt/X11R6/bin/X -auth /home/levine/.Xauthority
gnuplot:
/usr/share/doc/gnuplot-4.0.0/psdoc/ps_guide.ps shows enhanced
postscript syntax and available symbols
To view available line types, set the terminal to the type you'll
be using, such as postscript eps enhanced color. And set the
output. Then, issue the "test" command.
idraw: left button is do
middle button is finalize
right button is remove last
middle button on selected object in drawing area is move
right button on object in drawing area is select
(hold right button to select region)
shift key constrains lines to vertical or horizontal
use second (counting default as 0) line width; the default and first
line widths (which appear to be the same) print as grey on the
QMS printers
** Calendar Appointment **
Date: 2/24/94
Start: 1:15 pm
End: 2:30 pm
What: workshop in conference room
ntp setup:
1) add server line to /etc/ntp.conf
2) disable multicast client if ntp doesn't seem to work on a client
ntpq -p to show peers
ntpq -c as to show associations
mplayer input.m4a -ss 10 -endpos 2 -vc null -vo null -ao pcm:file="1.wav"
mplayer input.m4a -ss 60 -endpos 2 -vc null -vo null -ao pcm:file="2.wav"
sox 1.wav 2.wav excerpts.wav
lame -V 4 --tt "title" --ta "artist" --tl "album" --ty "year" --tn "track" --tg "genre" excerpts.wav excerpts.mp3
/bin/rm -f {1,2}.wav excerpts.wav
Conversion of AVI to MPEG:
ffmpeg -ss starttime -t duration -i clip.AVI clip.mpeg Add -an if you don't need audio. ffmpeg supports .m4a Ipod filename extension.
--------------
-- mag tape --
--------------
tar xvpf filename to extract files from filename with original
mode
bonnie:/dev/rts8
sun3's:/dev/rts8
tar cvf /dev/rts8 . to copy current directory and all below it
to tape
tar cvhl . h option follows symbolic links; l prints
error messages
mt -f /dev/rts8 rewind to rewind the tape when done
tar tf /dev/rts8 to get a listing of the tape
rtar tf elysees:/dev/rst8
rtar tf elysees:/dev/rst0 QIC-11 tape only
mt, rmt, nrmt mag tape, raw mag tape, non-rewind mt
/usr/gnu/bin/gtar GNU tar; it strips leading / from absolute
path names!
tar cvfL <tarfile> 100 <files> specify file length of 100*1024 bytes; GNU
tar (only!) prompts for media change
mt fsf use these two commands to recover data
from a tar'ed tape that has been
partially overwritten
tar ix i ignores checksum errors
tar xb 40
To determine tape blocksize:
1) try "dd if=/dev/rmt?? of=diskfile bs=1024k count=1"
Then look at the size of the file created. If it's larger
than or equal to 1024k, rerun with a larger bs value.
2) try "mt analyze"
find . -name <unwanted_dir> -prune -o -print | \
cpio -ocv > <cpio.archive>
cpio -imd < <cpio.archive>
find . ! -perm +004 list all files without "other" read permission
find . -type f -print0 | xargs --null gzip Properly handle spaces and
other odd characters in filenames,
requires GNU find and xargs.
restore from tape:
1) login to tape server
2) cd to a writable directory, such as ~/restore (after creating it)
3) % df (to find the device name that you'll restore from)
4) look at /<host>/admin/etc/dump_1 (latest tape) to find file number (start
at 1)
5) subtract 2 from <file number>, e.g., seventh file is 5
6) % mt -f /dev/nrst0 fsf <file number>
7) % restore -ivf /dev/nrst0
8) add desired files/directories; can use cd, ls, pwd, help
9) > extract
10) specify volume #: 1
11) > quit
12) % mt -f /dev/rst0 rewoffl
If man pages no longer display properly, check your locale settings
using the locale command. I found that the setting of en_US.UTF-8 for
my LC_CTYPE environment variable caused the problem. Changing to
en_US fixed it.
On-line HOWTO's: www.linux.org, Documentation
RedHat timezone setup: copy appropriate file from /usr/share/zoneinfo/
to /etc/localtime.
hostname, domainname, and sendmail on RedHat:
To set the hostname to other than the default (localhost):
1) add HOSTNAME=<hostname> to /etc/sysconfig/network
2) add an entry to /etc/hosts, with and without fully qualified domainname
3) restart sendmail. To provide SMTP service, leave the DAEMON=yes
line in /etc/sysconfig/sendmail
To write a CD:
mkisofs -D -R -U -max-iso9660-filenames -o image.iso directory
(all files/directories _in_ directory will be put in image.iso;
directory itself is not)
\su root -c 'nice --5 cdrecord -v dev=/dev/cdrw -data image.iso'
The CDR_SPEED environment variable can be used instead of the speed option.
Or, set up /etc/cdrecord.conf.
To write a DVD, after creating iso image with mkisofs as above::
growisofs -dvd-compat -Z /dev/dvd=image.iso
other options:
-speed=4
-use-the-force-luke=bufsize:32m
-use-the-force-luke=notray
-use-the-force-luke=tracksize:3331258
-use-the-force-luke=tty
other cdrecord and mkisofs options:
For LG GCE-8481B, add ts=32768 driveropts=burnfree
Don't specify speed. It's typically 32 or 40.
Add -graft-points to support multiple directories, e.g.,
etc/=etc tmp/=tmp var/=var
The mkisofs -R option preserves symlinks. It also preserves file
ownership, unlike -r.
-R also seems to imply: -l -iso-level 3
With pre-2.6 kernels, you need to specify the SCSI device ID
instead of the device name, such as /dev/cdrw, /dev/cdwriter, or /dev/hdd.
Use "\su root -c 'cdrecord -scanbus'" to get the SCSI device ID.
To test image.iso before recording, on Linux (create /mnt/loop first):
sudo mount image.iso -r -o loop /mnt/loop
See the cdrecord man page for other OS's. (It seems to leave
a process running on RedHat 7.0, but OK on 7.1 and later.)
If screen shrinks on Sony laptop, Fn-f
To reload default setup parameters:
F2 after Sony logo appears, then F9, then F10
If xstart appears to hang: Ctrl-Alt-F1, Ctrl-Alt-F7
If you suspend your X server by hitting Ctrl-Alt-F{1..6}, hit
Ctrl-Alt-F7 to resume.
If sndconfig breaks things, such as apmd and sound settings :-/,
remove what it added to /etc/modules.conf (there will be a .bak)
and reboot.
network statistics: cat /proc/net/dev
CD-ROM install on Sony VAIO: text ide1=0x180,0x360
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RedHat install (or update) boot from hard disk (without booting
from floppy or CD-ROM):
The trick is copy the install initrd and kernel to the hard disk, then
create a boot sector using lilo. Also, copy the Linux initrd and kernel
to a place where they won't be touched during the install process.
The following instructions assume:
1) Linear sector addresses are needed (remove "linear" if they're not
needed, i.e., for sector/head/cylinder addresses).
2) Use an expert install so that lilo doesn't overwrite the Master
Boot Record.
3) That the Windows boot.ini file is used for normal boot. If you use
a lilo bootsector, just add the lilo lines below, instead of creating
a new lilo file.
4) Requisite files are located in /mnt/c/RedHat71. The kernel
probably needs to be within the first 1024 sectors, any partition that
is read/writeable by Linux can be used.
5) The Linux root filesystem is (or will be) /dev/hda5, and we
also allow booting of the /dev/hda1 DOS (Windows) partition.
Here goes:
1) Create a RedHat boot floppy using the boot.img (or bootnet.img, if
you'll be doing a network install):
dd if=boot.img of=/dev/fd0 bs=1474560
2) Copy the initrd.img and vmlinuz files from that boot floppy:
mcopy -m a:INITRD.IMG a:VMLINUZ /mnt/c/RedHat71
3) Create a lilo file, /mnt/c/RedHat71/lilo-install.conf, that looks
something like this:
boot=/dev/hda5
map=/mnt/c/RedHat71/map
backup=/mnt/c/RedHat71/bootsect.bak
linear
prompt
timeout=50
image=/mnt/c/RedHat71/VMLINUZ
initrd=/mnt/c/RedHat71/INITRD.IMG
append="lang= devsfs=nomount text"
label=RedHat-install
image=/mnt/c/RedHat71/vmlinuz-2.4.2-2
initrd=/mnt/c/RedHat71/initrd-2.4.2-2.img
append="single"
read-only
root=/dev/hda5
label=linux
other=/dev/hda1
label=dos
4) lilo -v -C lilo-install.conf
5) dd if=/dev/hda5 of=/mnt/c/bootinst.lnx bs=512 count=1
6) add to boot.ini:
C:\BOOTINST.LNX="RedHat-Install"
Then, boot and select the RedHat-Install boot option.
After installing/updating, edit /etc/lilo.conf and
and run lilo, if necessary, to access the newly installed
kernel.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
RedHat 5.1 install:
* /etc/passwd,group,exports,resolv.conf,hosts,networks,amd.conf,amd_project.conf
* /etc/X11/XF86Config
* /etc/rc.d/rc.local (I hack it to not overwrite /etc/issue on every boot)
* rpm -i xlock, xv, autofs, ipfwadm, sshd
* to enable autofs daemon:
# chkconfig --add autofs; chkconfig --level 345 autofs on
* ppp setup:
* ln -s /dev/cua0 /dev/modem
* chmod u+s /usr/sbin/pppd
* setup /etc/ppp/{chap,pap}_secrets
install RedHat 4.2 on machine with CD-ROM on SoundBlaster card as
third IDE interface:
1) boot DOS as usual
2) Ctrl-Alt-Del with RedHat floppy in drive
3) at LILO: prompt, enter "linux hde=cdrom"
Boot CD-ROM image on hard disk from milo:
boot sda4:kernels/pc164.gz root=/dev/sda4 ro
Or, boot from floppies and install from hard disk.
To download an entire RedHat distribution:
ncftpget -R ftp://acs-mirror.ucsd.edu/linux/redhat/redhat-7.0/i386
To format an MS-DOS disk partition on cueca (Alpha):
Use ARC (boot monitor) Machine Setup/Disk Partition Utility
to format. Do _not_ make it a system partition, because I
think that blows away existing boot menu options.
rpm:
rpm -qa show all installed packages
rpm -qf <file> show which package owns <file>
rpm -qlp <rpm> show all files in <rpm>
rpm -qip <rpm> show info about <rpm>
rpm -i -vv /mnt/cdrom/redhat/redhat-4.1/SRPMS/<package>.rpm install package
rpm -U --force --nodeps <rpm> downgrade a package, ignoring
dependencies from other packages
rpm --rebuilddb rebuild RPM database
# /bin/rm /var/lib/rpm/__db.* remove lock files that cause rpm to
freeze
i386 packages:
/net/archive/archive/systems/linux/sunsite/distributions/redhat/redhat-4.1/i386/RedHat/RPMS/
Fedora setup:
$ sudo rpm -ivh http://rpm.livna.org/livna-release.rpm
$ sudo rpm -ivh http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm
Extract Fedora kernel sources:
1) get .src rpm
2) rpm -i the .src rpm
3) cd /usr/src/redhat/SPECS; rpmbuild -bp --target=<arch> kernel.spec
4) cd /usr/src/redhat/BUILD;
cp configs/kernel<version>-<arch>.config .config
5) make oldconfig
build kernel as usual
From Fedora
Core 3 x86 Release Notes.
SRPMS:
1) $ cd /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES
2) # rpmbuild --rebuild <SRPM filename>
3) # rpm -ivh /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386/<RPM filename>
Old rpm:
2) $ rpm -i <SRPM filename>
3) $ rpm -bc ../SPECS/<filename>.spec
(or -bi to build and install)
Configure for tcl library build:
./configure --enable-shared --prefix=/usr
egcs, prior to 1.1.1:
ftp://egcs.cygnus.com/pub/egcs/releases/egcs-1.0.2/egcs-1.0.2.tar.gz
gzip -cd egcs-1.0.2.tar.gz | cpio -imd
./configure --enable-shared --prefix=<your local installation directory>
make LANGUAGES="c c++"
make LANGUAGES="c c++" install
egcs 1.1.2 (--enable-languages= won't work with 1.1.1):
ftp://egcs.cygnus.com/pub/egcs/releases/egcs-1.1.2/egcs-1.1.2.tar.gz
zcat egcs-1.1.2.tar.gz | cpio -imd
mkdir egcs-build
cd egcs-build
../egcs-1.1.2/configure --prefix=/usr/local/egcs --enable-shared \
--enable-languages=c++
make bootstrap
make install
To build egcs on a SunOS 5.7 (Solaris 7) host, using g++ or egcs
built on an earlier SunOS version:
1) Create a file name sunos5.7-fixes.h in your egcs include/
directory, containing this:
#ifndef SUNOS5_7_FIXES_H
#define SUNOS5_7_FIXES_H
typedef struct _pthread_attr {
void *__pthread_attrp;
} pthread_attr_t;
#endif /* SUNOS5_7_FIXES_H */
2) Set your CC environment variable to:
gcc -include <full path to include/sunos5.7-fixes.h>
3) Follow the ./configure and make instructions above to build and install
4) Then, rebuild egcs completely using what you just installed.
Run make distclean to clean your egcs build space.
Then, follow the the ./configure and make instructions above
(the sunos5.7-fixes.h hack isn't be necessary for this second
build. Remove your first installation, then install this
second build.
g++ for Solaris86:
/net/wuarchive/archive/systems/gnu/gcc-2.7.2.3.tar.gz
./configure --enable-shared --prefix=/pkg/local --with-gnu-as --with-stabs
make LANGUAGES="c c++"
make LANGUAGES="c c++" install
before a rebuild: make distclean
Build mpatrol binary RPM:
1) Download archive from http://www.cbmamiga.demon.co.uk/mpatrol/
to /usr/src/Redhat/SOURCES
2) cd /usr/src/Redhat/SPECS
3) zcat ../SOURCES/mpatrol_*.tar.gz | \
cpio -im mpatrol/pkg/rpm/mpatrol.spec; \
mv mpatrol/pkg/rpm/mpatrol.spec .; /bin/rm -fr mpatrol
4) rpm -bb --clean mpatrol.spec
The RPM will be in /usr/src/Redhat/RPMS/i386/
Build mpatrol on SunOS:
1) Follow download instruction for archive under binary RPM above.
2) Unpack.
3) cd mpatrol/pkg/auto
4) ./setup && ./configure && make && make install
If xfce4 panel no longer auto-hides, run xfce4-panel -r
to restart.
To change xfce4 settings:
$ xfce-setting-show
Keyboard shortcuts are under Window Manager->Keyboard.
If the Window Manager selection doesn't work, reboot and
try again.
XFree86:
/net/archive/archive/packages/XFree86/binaries/Linux-ix86
XFree86 3.2A w/SVGA server:
ftp://ftp.XFree86.org/pub/XFree86/3.2A/Linux-ix86-ELF/
preinst.sh
postinst.sh
X32Abin.tgz
X32Adoc.tgz
X32Afnts.tgz
X32Alib.tgz
X32Aman.tgz
X32Aset.tgz
X32AVG16.tgz
X32ASVGA.tgz
# cp -p p*.sh /var/tmp
# cd /usr/X11R6
# sh /var/tmp/preinst.sh
For each .tgz file:
# gzip -d < <path>*.tgz | cpio -ivdu -H ustar
# sh /var/tmp/postinst.sh
# ldconfig -n /usr/X11R6/lib
To support more than 64 Mb RAM on an Intel machine, add a line
like this to each Lilo entry:
append="mem=96M"
Create a Lilo boot floppy:
$ mke2fs /dev/fd0
$ lilo -b /dev/fd0 -c -v
Use the lilo -t option to test, first.
mkbootdisk 2.2.16-17
Backup master boot record:
dd if=/dev/sda of=<filename> bs=512 count=1
Restore master boot record:
dd if=<filename> of=/dev/sda bs=512 count=1
Kernel build on alpha:
make config (DON'T use menuconfig or xconfig!)
make dep; make clean; make boot
NJAMD usage:
(You might want to do this in a new shell, because it will
then apply to all other commands, such as ls.)
$ export LD_PRELOAD=libnjamd.so
$ export NJAMD_PROT=strict
$ export NJAMD_CHK_FREE=error
$ export NJAMD_DUMP_LEAKS_ON_EXIT=3
Then run as usual.
addr2line shows the source location of addresses:
$ addr2line -Cfe <executable> addr [...]
Download and build leaky:
$ export CVSROOT=:pserver:anonymous@cvs-mirror.mozilla.org:/cvsroot
$ cvs login
(enter anonymous)
$ cvs q -z3 co mozilla/allmakefiles.sh mozilla/build mozilla/config \
mozilla/configure mozilla/configure.in mozilla/tools/leaky
$ cd mozilla
$ ./configure --enable-leaky
$ cd tools/leaky
$ make -i (installs will fail)
To use (on a dynamically linked executable!):
LD_PRELOAD=/tmp/libleaky.so LIBMALLOC_LOG=1 <program> <args>
leaky -d <program> malloc-log
foomatic printer setup:
foomatic-configure -s lprng -n ljps -c file:/dev/lp0 -p 78688 -d Postscript
where there -p and -d values come from foomatic-configure -O.
If some KDE menu options disappear, run
$ kbuildsycoca
If KDE panel disappears, run
$ kicker
To adjust KDE settings, run
$ kcontrol
To fix these libGL errors on Fedora Core 6:
libGL error: open DRM failed (Operation not permitted)
libGL error: reverting to (slow) indirect rendering
which are revealed by glxinfo or glxgears, do this:
# chmod o+rw /dev/dri/card0
That will just work until the next time you start X. To change
it permanently, add this section to your /etc/X11/xorg.conf:
Section "DRI"
Mode 0666
EndSection
No sound on Fedora Core 3 with KDE: use alsamixer to raise PCM level,
and make sure that it is enabled (doesn't say Off near the top, and
no MM at the top of the bar).
Once you get the sound going, use "alsactl store good configuration
(in /etc/asound.state).
No sound on Fedora Core 2: use aumix or alsamixer to unmute.
mime: 1) Put lines like this in your draft: #application/msword [inline; filename=foo.doc] filename #text/plain [inline; filename=foo.tex] filename 2) Enter mime at the whatnow prompt. MH-E: load: M-x mh-rmail list inbox: M-r reply: r To extract attachments: mhstore -auto -type application <msg number>
Firefox 2.x and 3.0 crashing on Linux with Nvidia video card?
Add this line to Device section of /etc/X11/xorg.conf:
Option "MigrationHeuristic" "greedy"
To speed up hostname lookups in Firefox 1.0:
enter about:config in the address bar
set network.dns.disableIPv6 to true
To start without connecting to any existing instances:
mozilla --no_xshm
To view build configuations:
enter about:buildconfig in address pane
To override settings in prefs.js in user's profile directory,
create file user.js in the same directory. Add the overrides
there. They will not be overwritten. If added to prefs.js,
they will be overwritten.
-assert nodefinitions don't check shared libraries for unresolved
references (under SunOS 4.1.2) during load
(e.g., use for X11R4 programs also)
w -d lists processes owned by each user
SunCC license status:
lmstat -a -c /opt/lang/SunTech_License/license.dat
give up SunCC license:
lmremove -c /opt/lang/SunTech_License/license.dat levine molson /dev/tty
take Energize license:
/opt/energize/flexlm/bin/lmremove -c \
/opt/energize/flexlm/etc/license.dat Energize <user> <host> /dev/tty
Relays.OsiruSoft.com has
a link to check an address to see if it's spam blocked.
before starting slides, set Notes text style (View/Master/Notes) to Helvetica 18 Bold add Date to Handouts Header (View/Header and Footer/Notes and Handouts) Slide printout: Rumba Slides Notes printout: Rumba Notes Pages Frame Handouts printout: Rumba Handouts (2 slides per page) Frame to produce gif file: copy all of the objects on a page and paste to an empty Canvas frame, then save that as a GIF file
to set landscape orientation: Layout/Document Setup/Illustration Size:
US Letter, then select landscape icon
key sequence designations are in /opt/frame/fminit/usenglish/kbmap
note: Meta is the diamond key on each side of the space bar; like the Shift
and Control keys, it must be held down when pressing the key it modifies
keyboard cmnds: Esc-<key commands listed in menus>
cut/copy/ use those keys on left side of keyboard, or Esc-x/c/p/u,
paste/undo: respectively
find: Find key on left side of keyboard or Ctrl-s
goto: Ctrl-g
page up/down: use PgUp/PgDn on numeric keypad (also Home and End)
unlock/lock: F9
save document: Ctrl-x Ctrl-s
undo: meta-Backspace
hard space: Esc-<space>m (or n, t, or l)
bullet: Meta-?
emdash: Meta--
boxes: right-mouse Character, ZapfDingbats
`n' is closed box, `o' is open box
text font, etc: right-mouse Character or menu bar Format/Character
line spacing: right-mouse Paragraph or menu bar Format/Paragraph
first page: Home
last page: End
search: Meta /
views 1..6 Meta-1 .. Meta-6
show/hide Special/Conditional Text/Show-Hide: Show All or Show
conditional
test
modify text: click on drawing tools arrow with cursor, then double click text
move text: clock on drawing tools arrow (without cursor) to select
text column: Click text column ("page") icon in drawing tools menu, and
create Rectangle. Then, double click in rectangle to insert
text cursor.
add/delete select object and middle-click where point should be added/
point to/from deleted
polygon:
split a text Format/Pages/Layout Commands/Split Current Column/Right of
column: Selection
then, resize columns as necessary with drawing Tools
import and create a new page in the destination document; delete the
shrink a big frame on the new page; copy the figure; shrink/expand
figure: the figure with the Scale on the drawing Tool
equations: DON'T use keyboard commands, use mouse and pulldown menus
instead
view text symbols: Esc-V-T
/opt/frame/fminit/usenglish/ClipArt
dbx <executable> [<corefile>] whereis <function> (without trailing ()) stop in <function> stop at <filename>:<line> module -a (if func complains about forward references) func <function> stop at <line> catch 8 catch signal 8 (FPE), for example run next where <n> show top <n> frames cont kill
submit a Problem Report:
/usr/gnu/bin/send-pr
display a Problem Report, identified by its PR number:
query-pr -F <PR>
(for other query capabilities, man query-pr)
update a Problem Report:
edit-pr <PR>
list all Problem Report categories:
less /usr/gnu/lib/gnats/<?>
PR database, contains one file per PR, named with PR number:
/usr/gnats/lib/gnats/gnats-db/<category>
category info:
/usr/gnats/lib/gnats/gnats-db/gnats-adm/categories
source /usr/bs/ileaf5.3/ileaf5/paths; ileaf puts files in ~HOME/desktop to close: put cursor over file name, click right button to create printerleaf (.pl) file: put cursor over "Print", click and select pl2ps -i <foo.pl> -o <foo.ps> -EPS converts .pl file to .ps file
telnet melvyl.ucop.edu Melvyl catalog; use ibmpc for terminal type
ill Interlibray Loan Service
meldoc combined melvyl, dds, and ill (set UC; meldoc
sets default to UCI)
LEGIS-LATE
INSPEC science and engineering info
/usr/lib/sendmail -bv -v <addr> verify an address
sendmail -bp show mail queue
sendmail -q immediately process the mail queue
modem-tech@wugate.wustl.edu to report modem/dataswitch problems; send
note on problem and time
uunet.uu.net good UUCP gateway
vacation reply to incoming mail automatically
\levine contents of .forward, to keep AND forward . . .
otheraccount@host.domain mail
chforw change mail forwarding
finger @<sitename> list of all users on a machine
whois <name> Internet directory service
*<name> to list users, \!<handle> for user info
sets default to UCI)
whois <sitename> info about a site
whois -h ds.internic.net <site> search for site
replaced by: telnet rs.internic.net or http://www.internic.net
whois -h nic.ddn.mil query mil whois host
listname:recipientlist; send mh mail message to blind recipientlist
(which may be an alias); calls list "listname"
antpac:
login to terminal server:
csi-ts?> login
(enter username (student ID) and password when requested)
> connect antpac
login: library
query the Merit address database:
telnet hermes.merit.edu
at "Which Host?" prompt, enter netmailsites
then enter site name, full or partial
ftp use binary, prompt, hash commands
ftpd to allow anon ftp upload to /home/ftp/incoming,
add the following to /etc/ftpaccess:
upload /home/ftp * no
upload /home/ftp /incoming yes root daemon 0400
ncftpget command-line ftp, supports -R for recursive
recursive html download, be sure to use
trailing /
wget -r -l 0 -nH -p http://foo.bar/
if the index.html relies on Javascript code
wget -r -l 0 -nH -p http://foo.bar/home.htm
Those wget commands identify dead links, as
well.
archie -h archie.sura.net try that archie server instead of default
rlogin ds to login to dataswitch
~.<CR> to disconnect
works better than 'tip direct'
rs Request: ucinet to get Request: prompt, and then response to it
break (Alt-B) or Ctrl^ to get csi-ts1> prompt
csi-ts1> show term
resume to resume connection
ATX3 don't wait for dialtone before dialing
for file transfers, enter at csi-ts1> prompt:
term download
term no escape
term flow none
term telnet-transparent
xmodem [s|r][b|t]k <filename> send|receive binary|text file using XMODEM
zmodem: use ftp binary to upload DOS ASCII (or binary) file; ASCII files
will then contain CR/LF and can then be downloaded directly with
zmodem (sz)
ASCII files with LF can be converted to CR/LF and sent with:
awk '{printf("%s%c\n", $0, 13)}' <foo> | sz - (use alias sza!!!)
sb -[a]k <filename> ymodem [ascii] download to Ymodem-G
rb [-a] ymodem [ascii] upload from Ymodem
sz <filename> zmodem binary download (ymodem seems better)
rz zmodem binary upload
irc Internet Relay Chat
/help /list /join <channel> /quit
rsend write message across network
xmosaic, lynx X and character-based World-Wide Web interfaces
flexfax send/receive FAXes from Suns (/usr/bs/flexfax)
run etherfind on a different machine than the src (at least):
# etherfind -i le1 -x -v -proto udp src molson_test dst cp4_test
/usr/public/mtools for manipulating DOS diskettes, faster than
mount_dos
mdir, mcopy, etc.
fdformat -d format a DOS floppy
mount_dos, eject_dos put contents of workstation diskette drive
under /dos directory (also A:/)
sure way to express a make implicit rule: %.o: ../../%.C $(CCC) $(CCFLAGS) -c -I- -I../.. -I$(INCDIR) -I$(TEMPLATESDIR) $< %.o: %.c ; foo $* target name w/o suffix, $@ full target name, $< prerequisites, $? out-of-date prerequisites - ignore exit status @ execute silently
b __main b __do_global_ctors b __do_global_dtors important Cygnus header locations/files: sun: /opt/cygnus/progressive-95q3/lib/g++-include /opt/cygnus/progressive-95q3/include/assert.h /opt/cygnus/progressive-95q3/lib/gcc-lib/sparc-sun-sunos4.1.3/2.6-95q3/include 29k: /opt/cygnus/progressive-95q3/lib/g++-include /opt/cygnus/progressive-95q3/lib/gcc-lib/a29k-wrs-vxworks/2.6-95q3/include /opt/cygnus/progressive-95q3/a29k-wrs-vxworks/include
To build a kernel and install it on a PC floppy disk: 1) cd $WIND_BASE/target/config/pc486 edit ../all/configAll.h and config.h make bootrom_uncmp vxWorks 2) use Exceed/FTP to ftp bootrom_uncmp, vxWorks, and vxWorks.sym to C:\VXWORKS or: copy them to a floppy 3) open a DOS window and: > cd \vxworks > del a:\ > mkboot a: BOOTRO~1 > copy vxworks a: > copy vxworks.sym a: reboot the PC GNU compiler version: cygnus-2.7.2-960126 egcs-971225 tornado 2.0
To mount a hard disk (device 1) after booting from the installation floppy:
mount -o rw /dev/sd2940.1a /mnt
default boot command: b s0b /lynx.os
salsa:
To boot Win95: % setactive /dev/sd2940.0 a
To boot LynxOS: In, PartitionManager make the LynxOS partition active.
Before building perl, set the CONFIG environment variable to empty.
To build cvs:
1) Get the cvs rpm from a RedHat Linux distribution.
2) rpm -i cvs-1.9-1.src.rpm, which places the tar file in
/usr/src/redhat/SOURCES.
3) ./configure --prefix=/usr --host=i386-lynx
4) Edit config.h following footnote 9 in INSTALL.
5) Add -lbsd to LIBS in src/Makefile
6) Hack .c files in src to remove " -x,v/" string, because
LynxOS' rcs doesn't support it.
7) make
8) make install
But, it looks like it would be best to build the latest rcs
with cvs.
PowerPC (MCP750) setup:
1) PPCBug> set MMDDYYhhmm
to set date/time (GMT)
2) PPCBug> env
and enable autoboot
3) PPCBug> niot
and enter network configuration
Chorus
======
Load Address: 00000FE0
Entry Point: 00001000
4) PPCBug> nbo
to boot
useful commands:
$ drivers
$ devices
* /etc/config/sysinit.n: set up card correctly * /etc/config/bin/tcpip.n: set up Socket and Ethernet device correctly * /etc/hosts, /etc/networks Neutrino debug: * on target: pdebug <port> & * Start emacs on host * M-gdb, enter linux-nto-gdb -nx ./<executable name> * target qnx <target>:<port> * run * b main * cont
64/32-bit mode determination:
$ isainfo -v
See the Sysadmin guide for more information.
install:
1) add "128.252.165.15 mail" to /etc/inet/hosts, and
change netmask to 255.255.255.0 in /etc/inet/netmasks
2) add /etc/resolv.conf, update /etc/nsswitch.conf to allow
DNS hostname lookup and /etc/inet/netmasks
3) add "sleep; umount /home" to /etc/init.d/autofs, under start
4) add /home/cs, /project, and /pkg hierarchies
5) comment out mail.debug line in /etc/syslog.conf
6) add "sleep 5; umount /home" after automount startup in
/etc/init.d/autofs
7) Replace /usr/ccs/bin/as with a symlink to /pkg/gnu/bin/as.
8) update /etc/printers.conf
new network card:
# mv /etc/hostname.{olddriver}0 /etc/hostname.{newdriver}0
# touch /reconfigure
# reboot
System configuration:
$ sysdef -i
/etc/system
List services:
$ svcs
DHCP server setup/reconfiguration:
# dhcpconfig
GHS license install:
$ cd /var/adm/config/ghs/keys
extract sh script from license message
execute the sh script
To initialize a CVS repository that can be used by all: $ cvs -d CVS_root_directory init $ add modules to CVSROOT/modules $ chmod a+w CVSROOT CVSROOT/history To enter a multiline commit message from the command line, either: $ cvs com -m'line 1. line 2.' foo Where the newline is created with Ctrl-V Ctrl-J (on Unix). Or, put the message into a file (named message here), and: $ cvs com -m"`cat message`" foo Try to limit the message line length to a most 70 characters if you want it to fit in the 79 character line output from rcs2log.
% clearlicense # verify license
environment variables:
% ct man env_ccase
VOBTAG = <user>_<host>_<name>
create a VOB:
% ct mkvob -tag VOBTAG -c "<comment>" <vob-storage-dir-pathname>
remove a VOB:
% ct rmvob <vob-storage-dir-pathname>
activate a VOB:
% mkdir VOBTAG
% ct mount VOBTAG # ct umount VOBTAG to unmount
show VOB owner (of current VOB):
% ct describe -vob .
create a view:
% (umask 2; ct mkview -tag <viewtag> /net/<host>/viewstore1/<viewtag>.vws)
set a view:
% ct setview <viewtag>
reevaluate current config spec:
% ct setcs -cur
recover a view (safe even if view doesn't need to be recovered):
% ct recoverview -tag <viewtag>
list all view private objects, except for Derived Objects, in a view:
% ct lsprivate -other -co
list all files checked out to current view:
% ct lsp -co
list all files checked out to all views:
% ct lsco -avobs -me
move a view:
assumptions:
-- same architecture
-- same view host
-- IMPORTANT: make sure that no shells, on any host, have the view
active!!!! This includes tip sessions!!!!
-- the view doesn't have any checkedout files (this isn't required or
checked, but ClearCase will "lose track" of checkouts if they're not
checked in first)
-- view is stored in directory named <viewtag>.vws
-- source location is <source view storage area>
-- destination location is <destination view storage area>
-- the following commands are run on the view host machine
% kill -15 <view server pid>
% cd <source view storage area>
% /opt/gnu/bin/find <viewtag>.vws | cpio -pmd <destination view storage area>
% ct rmtag -view -all <viewtag>
% ct unregister -view <source view storage area>/<viewtag>.vws
% mv <viewtag>.vws <viewtag>.vws.OLD
% ct register -view <destination view storage area>/<viewtag>.vws
% ct mktag -view -tag <viewtag> <destination view storage area>/<viewtag>.vws
% ct startview <viewtag>
after verification that move was successful:
% /bin/rm -fr <source view storage area>/<viewtag>.vws.OLD
_and_ check out an element in each VOB in which the view has a DO or
CHECKEDOUT element: that will update the VOB's notion of where the
view is stored (see Message-Id: <9605010312.AA07386@squirrel.pen.tek.com>
to CCIUG list)
remove a view:
% ct rmview -tag <viewtag>
copy elements to a different VOB:
% cd <src directory>
% clearcvt_ccase -o /tmp/clearcvt_ccase [<element> . . .]
% su
# cleartool mkview -tag <tmp view name> /viewstore/<tmp view name>.vws
# cleartool setview <tmp view name>
# cd <dest directory>
# /tmp/clearcvt_ccase/cvt_script
# ct rmtype -lbt -rmall -for <any label types that were created>
# ct protect -chown $USER <element> ...
# ct protect -chgrp general <element> ...
extended naming:
<element-name>@@/<branch-name>/<version number>
list version tree:
% ct lsvtree -all <element>
% xlsvtree <element>
list checkouts:
% ct lscheckout [-cview] [-me] # cview: current view, me: my login
list history:
% ct lshistory <element>
checkout:
% ctco <element>
uncheckout:
% ct uncheckout <element>
checkin:
% ctci <element>
% ctci -rm -nc -ptime -from <derived object> <replace derived object>
diff:
% ct diff <element> <element> # can use -pred instead of <element>
list derived objects:
% ct setview <another view>
% ct ls -l [<derived object> ...]
or
% ct lsdo -l [<derived object> ...]
display config rec:
% ct catcr -flat <derived object>
list all header files used to build DO[s]:
% ct catcr -union -ci -name '*.h' -short <DO> [...]
check for mismatched header:
% ct catcr -check -union -ci <DO> | grep <name of the header>
display config spec:
% cleartool catcs
(the config_spec is in {/net/<host>}/files/viewstore/<viewtag>.vws/config_spec)
set config spec:
% cleartool setcs <config spec>
edit and set config spec (respond 'yes' to query to set this config spec):
% cleartool edcs
list elements (not derived objects) in source directory:
% ct ls -vob_only
create element(s) and check in (parent directory must be checked out):
% ct mkelem -nc -ci <element> ...
create element(s) without checkout or checkin (useful for creating many
headers in an include directory, for example)
% ct mkelem -nc -nco <element> ...
create symbolic link:
% ct ln -s <element> <link name>
create directory (parent directory must be checked out):
% ct mkdir <directory>
create branch:
% ct mkbrtype -c "<comment>" <branch type>
% ct mkbranch <branch type> <element>
remove branch from element:
% ct rmbranch <element>@@/main/<branch>
hide branch (permanently):
% ct lock -brtype -obsolete <branch type>
(in xclearcase File Browser Versions -> Branch -> Branch Type, highlight the
branch and do Locks -> Obsolete)
unlock branch:
% ct unlock -brtype <branch type>
remove branch type:
% ct rmtype -rmall -brtype <branch type>
create label:
% ct mklbtype -c "<comment>" <label>
% ct mklabel <label> <element ...>
remove label type and all occurrences of it:
% ct rmtype -lbtype -rmall <label>
label entire src tree:
% ct mklabel -r <label> .
list all .[hC] files that have <label1> or <label2> applied:
% ct find . -name '*.[hC]' \
-element 'lbtype_sub(<label1>) || lbtype_sub(<label2>)' -print
list all files that have <label1> applied but <label2> not applied
to the samve version:
% ct find . -version 'version(<label1>) && \! version(<label2>)' -print
list all main/LATEST files that don't have BWM_3.1.0 label:
% ct find . -version 'version(main/LATEST) && \!version(BWM_3.1.0)' -print
apply <label2> to all elements that have <label1> applied:
% ct find . -element 'lbtype_sub(<label1>)' -ok 'cleartool mklabel <label2> \
$CLEARCASE_PN'
list all elements that have a <branch>
% ct find . -branch 'brtype(<branch>)' -print
move label (if an older version of the element already has the label, must
specify extended path name, e.g., <element>@@/main/LATEST)
% ct mklabel -replace <label> <element>
remove latest version of an element (that's not checked out):
% ct rmver <element>
remove specified version of a labeled element (on main branch):
% ct rmver -force -xlabel -ver /main/<version> <element>
remove symlink (after checking out the directory):
% ct rmname <symlink>
remove hyperlink (find <hlink-selector> with ct desc)
% ct rmhlink <hlink-selector>
merge:
find files that need to be merged:
% ct findmerge . -ftag <viewtag> -print
find files that need to be merged, check them out, and merge them:
1) set config spec
2) % ct findmerge . -ftag <viewtag> -merge -xmerge -nc
3) apply new label to CHECKEDOUT files
4) checkin the merged files
merge from the /main/LATEST branch to the current (working) branch:
% xsetbg -default
% ct xmerge -qall -to <element name> -ver /main/LATEST
(use Options to stack vertically, View to deselect contributor, if desired)
parallel make [assumes that you've created ~/.bldhost.cm]:
(setenv CLEARCASE_BLD_HOST_TYPE cm; clearmake MAKEARG="-J <n> -k") |& tee log
where <n> is the number of hosts on which to run
change element (file or directory) permission/ownership:
% ct protect -chmod <mode> <element>
# ct protect -chown <user> <element>
change comment on a label type:
% ct chevent -c '<comment>' -replace -lbtype <label>
change comment on a branch
% ct chevent -c '<comment>' -replace -brtype <branch>
change a comment on a version of an element:
% ct lsh -event <element>
(lists event IDs with comments)
% ct chevent -c '<new comment>' -replace -event <eventID>
get internal information on a VOB element or derived object:
% ct dump <element or DO>
This only takes a few seconds for each file, and will drastically
reduce the space used on viewstore1; it promotes derived objects from
view to VOB:
(cd .../G++/FULL; ct winkin *.o *.a <executables> gcc_trep/*)
winkin a library from another view:
% cd /mvfs/[...]/G++/FULL or /PROD
% ct lsdo [<library name>]
in your view:
% ct winkin lib[...].a@@<time stamp>
remove all files from VOB lost+found directory:
% ct rmelem -force *
show element's data container:
% /opt/atria/etc/mvfsstorage <element>
show internal information about element:
% ct dump <element>
restart ClearCase:
# /etc/rc.atria stop
# kill -15 <automount_pid>
# automount
# /etc/rc.atria start
adding new partition <n> to running automount:
# cd /net/<host>
# mkdir vobstore<n>
# ls -ldg vobstore<n> (it should be mode 755 and owned by root.wheel)
# mount <host>:/vobstore<n> /tmp_mnt/net/<host>/vobstore<n>
# kill -HUP <automount-pid>
# ct umount <old vob-tag>
# ct mount <vob-tag> | -a
remount a partition <host>:<partition> with intr enabled:
# umount <host>:<partition>
# mount -o intr <host>:<partition> /tmp_mnt/net/<host>/<partition>
# kill -HUP <automount-pid>
remove "Stale NFS file handle" type errors from automounted partition <n>:
# umount /tmp_mnt/net/<host>/viewstore<n>
# kill -HUP <automount-pid>
clean out usr tree:
/opt/see/bin/ptprune pt_root=/mvfs/signal/CM
install:
1) apply label (ct mklabel -r <label> .) on src side
2) edit config spec to only have that label for the project
3) (setenv PURELINKOPTIONS -final; clearmake)
4) install <label>
epoch check:
run this command on machines at both sites, and compare results:
% multitool lsepoch -vob /vobs/[...]
Build with mod_perl:
In apache_1.3.22/src/Configuration, change "Rule EXPAT=default"
to "Rule EXPAT=yes".
cd to mod_perl directory, then:
$ perl Makefile.PL APACHE_SRC=../apache_1.3.22 DO_HTTPD=1 USE_APACI=1 \
EVERYTHING=1 APACHE_PREFIX=/opt/local/apache-1.3.22 \
MOD_PERL_PREFIX=/opt/local/mod_perl-1.26
$ make > make.log 2>&1
# make install
convert .pv file to text: (unsetenv DISPLAY; purify -view <output.pv> > <file>)
Build on Solaris:
1) Remove the -Wl,-soname,libefence.so.0 phrase from the Makefile.
2) make CC=gcc LIBS=-lrt
or for 64-bit build:
Tweak page.c to use strerror () if defined (_LP64)
make CC="gcc -m64 -mcpu=ultrasparc" LIBS=-lrt
Be sure to install the 64-bit libefence.so.0.0 in a sparcv9 directory.
To use:
LD_PRELOAD=libefence.so <program> [args]
LD_PRELOAD=libefence.so EF_PROTECT_BELOW=1 <program> [args]
rcs -o1.xx FN delete version 1.xx of FN
rcs -u FN unlock latest version of FN
rcs -aNAME FN add NAME to access list of FN
rlog FN | more print out version log of FN
example checkin of new file:
ci -t-<description> -r0.9 -m<msg> <file>
sccs create <filename> [...] check in and get new file(s)
sccs enter <filename> [...] check in (but don't get) _new_ file(s), so
usually followed by edit
sccs edit <filename> [...] check out and edit file(s)
sccs delget <filename> [...] check in a change to file(s)
(emacs: C-x v v, then C-c C-c after entering comment)
sccs diffs <filename> look at pending (not checked in) file changes
sccs unedit <filename> remove pending changes and get latest version
sccs prt <filename> [...] look at the history of file(s)
sccs info tells if any files are checked out, and to whom
sccs check tells if any files are checked out, with exit
status
sccs tell tells if any files are checked out
sccs tell -u tells if any files are checked out to user
# sed script file # usage: ... | sed -f <this filename> # e.g.: echo ABC XYZ | sed -f <this filename> # 1i\ LEADOFF STRING s/ABC/abc/ s/XYZ/xyz/ $a\ TRAILING STRING\ LINE 2 OF TRAILING STRING sed '/^#include/s/\\/\//g' change all \ to / in #include statements sed 's:/[^/][^/]*$::' remove final / and everthing that follows
# generate a random number (32-bit checksum of all longwords returned by pstat)
perl -e 'printf "%ld\n", unpack("%32L*", `/usr/etc/pstat -p`)'
# find user name associated with UID
perl -e 'printf "%s\n", (getpwuid($ARGV[0]))[0];' <uid>
# change all occurrences of <s1> to <s2> in <file>, moving original to <file>~
perl -pi~ -e 's/<s1>/<s2>/go' <file>
# comment any text appearing after #endif
perl -ni~ -e '(/^(#.*endif\s+)([^\/\n]+)/o && print "$1/* $2 */\n") || print' \
<file>
# generate list of hostname/IP address pairs:
foreach i ( `perl -ne '/^([^\.]+) levine$/o && print "$1\n";' ~levine/.rhosts` )
foreach? ~levine/bin/hid $i | sed -e 's/(//g' -e 's/)//g'
foreach? end
#### decimal/hex/octal conversions, e.g.,
#### % dec2hex 65535
#### FFFF
alias dec2hex perl -e \''printf "%X\n", $ARGV[0];'\'
alias hex2dec perl -e \''printf "%lu\n", hex("$ARGV[0]");'\'
alias dec2oct perl -e \''printf "%o\n", $ARGV[0];'\'
alias oct2dec perl -e \''printf "%lu\n", oct("$ARGV[0]");'\'
alias hex2oct perl -e \''printf "%o\n", hex("$ARGV[0]");'\'
alias oct2hex perl -e \''printf "%X\n", oct("$ARGV[0]");'\'
#### find usrname of uid, e.g.,
#### % usrname 2000
#### signal
alias usrname perl -e \''printf "%s\n",(getpwuid($ARGV[0]))[0];'\'
#### generate a random number in range [0..65535] (16-bit checksum of all
#### longwords returned by pstat)
alias random perl -e \''printf "%lu\n", \\
unpack("%16L*", `/usr/etc/pstat -p`)'\'
#### print mode of a file
alias mode perl -e \'\
'printf "%o\n", (stat("$ARGV[0]"))[2] if $#ARGV == 0;'\' #### <file>
#### List all files that contain a null character.
find . -type f | xargs perl -ne '/\000/ && do { print "$ARGV\n"; last;}'
man page: nroff -man /<host>/src/gnu/dejagnu-1.1.1/tcl/doc/Tcl.n |& less
xstart start X11
openwin start Open Windows
svenv -exec <suntool> execute a suntool under Open Windows
Control-mouse button pop up useful menus
Xterm Control Sequences:
X11 sources:
/usr/src/bs/X.V11R4/distribution/mit/clients/xterm/ctlseq*
/usr/src/bs/X.V11R4/distribution/contrib/clients/xpic
/opt/X11R5/lib/X11/rgb.txt color definitions
/opt/X11R5/bin/xco display X11 color names and colors
xcmap displays default colormap
xhost [+|-]hostname add/remove hosts with server access
xplaces get window locations
xswt <title> change title of current window to <title>
xdpyinfo, xwininfo display information about X server, window
xmkmf X make makefile; use with Imakefile
key mappings, etc. xev (X11R5)
~veit/bin/xkeycaps
mapedit tool for creating html .map file from .gif
(note: be sure to create rectangles starting
at upper left corner, and ending at lower right
corner!)
xlsfonts -display foo:0.0 list fonts xfontsel -print select font xfd -fn <fontname> display an X font intersection of X11R4 and openwin3 fonts (all of these are also available under motif): 10x20 12x24 12x24kana 12x24romankana 5x8 6x10 6x12 6x13 6x13bold 6x9 7x13 7x13bold 7x14 8x13 8x13bold 8x16 8x16kana 8x16romankana 9x15 9x15bold
scan on CEC PC:
Programs->Adobe->Photoshop or
p:pcapps\adobe\photoshop
p: is \\omni\
File->Import->TWAIN32
scan on CEC Mac:
1) Launcher/Imaging/Ofoto
1) select Raw Monitor calibration
2) prescan, crop, scan, save as TIFF file (with .tiff extension) in
Desktop/Imaging directory
3) quit
2) Launcher/Sessions/Fetch
1) enter Sun hostname, user id, password, and "tmp" for directory
2) put .tiff file as Raw Data
3) close, quit
3) delete the .tiff file(s) and quit Ofoto (do this last in case
it crashes the Mac)
scan on Mac in OAC office: applications/applescan-alias
set resolution, etc.
scan, click on window, save as TIFF file
convert to GIF file with utilities/GIFconverter (File/Open, Save As)
print from GIFcoverter also to OACCP~ printer (selected with Chooser/
OACLocalTalk/LaserPrinter)
ftp to sun (telnet, open FTP session on sun for FTP (check the FTP box),
File/Set Transfer Directory,
user <username>, binary, hash, put ...)
SELinux:
ls -alZ shows current context
chcon to change context
restorecon to restore a context
fixfiles relabel /usr/local/mozilla/plugins to get rid of audit message
execstack -c path
If you get a message like this when trying to load a shared library:
error while loading shared libraries: <sharedlib>: cannot restore segment prot after reloc: Permission denied
fix it with:
# chcon -t textrel_shlib_t <sharedlib>
Open Connection, Send FTP Command (on mac) Utility/Widgets LaserWriter, Download to print Apple/McSink text editor Laserwriter/Reset mcvert -x convert archive file into Mac app
<MARQUEE> ... </MARQUEE> for scrolling displayIMG element description in Ian Grahams's Introduction to HTML
A few special characters:
| Name code | Number code | Character |
|---|---|---|
| © | © | © |
| ® | ® | ® |
| ™ | 0xe2 0x84 0xa2 | ™ |
Symptom: mailing list has -1 request(s) waiting for your consideration
Fix: Submit a request that requires moderator action.
I did that by requiring approval for subscription (under Privacy
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providing the item, do not include the []'s around it. Items in angle
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by appropriate text without the angle brackets.
It understands the following commands:
subscribe <list> [<address>]
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"unsubscribe *" will remove you (or <address>) from all lists. This
_may not_ work if you have subscribed using multiple addresses.
get <list> <filename>
Get a file related to <list>.
index <list>
Return an index of files you can "get" for <list>.
which [<address>]
Find out which lists you (or <address> if specified) are on.
who <list>
Find out who is on the named <list>.
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Stop processing commands (useful if your mailer adds a signature).
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The <list> parameter is only optional if the message is sent to an address
of the form "<list>-request@cs.wustl.edu".
Retrieve config file:
echo config <list> <password> | mail majordomo@cs
Update config file:
Insert "newconfig <list> <password>" at top of new config <file>.
mail majordomo@cs < <file>
Update info message:
Insert "newinfo <list> <password>" at top of new info <file>.
mail majordomo@cs < <file>
% echo 'unsubscribe <listname>' | mail listserv@domain % echo 'subscribe <listname> <FirstName> <LastName>' | mail listserv@domain get subscriber list: % echo 'review <listname>' | mail listserv@domain change address: % mail listserv@really.fast.org signoff turnkey-cobra user@foo.bar.com subscribe turnkey-cobra
list all of our hosts' Ethernet addresses: % nisat ethers.org_dir Private network addresses: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
at 6A Tuesday executable run executable at 0600 Tuesday
nocharge run when CPU time available (no charge!)
nice +19 fn args run fn with args at +19
/bin/nice -19 fn args "" (superuser can set down to --20)
renice 19 <pid> [...] drop priority on process(es)
printenv TERM to see terminal type
set to list all shell variables
vmstat virtual memory statistics
(-b for buffer cache, -s for swap)
iostat io statistics
/usr/etc/pstat -p print system facts
/usr/etc/pstat -s swap space
/usr/local/etc/ofiles tcp. show tcp connections (or udp.)
/usr/local/etc/lsof show open files
lsof -iTCP:25 show processes using TCP port 25
netstat -f inet show active internet connections
ifconfig -a display current network interface configuration
ifconfig le1 inet xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx netmask 0xffffff00 broadcast xxx.xxx.xx.255 \
-trailers configure second ethernet interface (as root)
ping <host> ; arp -a find ethernet address of <host>
ping -b <broadcast address> ; arp -a show all local MAC addresses
/usr/etc/ping host query host
trace -p pid connect to process and trace
tcpdump -x -s 1500 -i lo dst port 6020
example use of tcpdump, network traffic monitor
/usr/etc/dmesg print system message log
/usr/etc/chill dirty all unused memory pages
compress, uncompress to/from .Z file
a.db <executable name> VADS debugger
b <foo> set breakpoint at <foo>
bx <exception name> set breakpoint for <exception name>
d all remove all breakpoints
r [arg . . .] run with arg(s)
g go (run without restarting)
s[i] step (into calls) [machine instruction]
a[i] advance (over calls) [machine instruction]
l <line number> list source
cs call stack
sh filename.shar extract from shell archive
chsh user /usr/public/bin/tcsh change login shell to tcsh (approved shells
are listed in /etc/shells)
crontab -e edit crontabs file (-l to list)
/etc/reboot reboot Sun workstation
or
<L1> a
boot <Return>
/etc/reboot -- -s reboot, single-user mode
/etc/shutdown now immediate shutdown
/etc/shutdown -fr +1 <message> shutdown with fast reboot in 1 minute
toolplaces >.suntools store current screen layout
id list user/group info
tspell TeX spell
ispell -t
Create a personal aspell word list from my_doc.tex:
aspell -l --mode=tex < my_doc.tex | sort | uniq | aspell create personal
Use "merge" instead of "create" to merge.
To use:
aspell -l --mode=tex < my_doc.tex
time command to time a command (result is system(user)/
system/elapsed time)
csh -n script to syntax check a script without executing
it (also -vn for verbose)
\<alias> temporarily unalias a csh alias
$status csh: exit status of last command
$? sh: exit status of last command
nohup don't terminate background processes on logout
lorder <lib names> | tsort find topological order for libraries
id list uid, gid (and groups, on SunOS)
groups list groups that user is in
sort -n sort numerically
sort -d sort using dictionary order
sort -f case insensitive sort
sort +1 sort on second field
/usr/src/uci/usr/gnu gnu sources
/usr/src/uci/usr/public/zmodem/RCS/ zmodem
/usr/src/bs/gemacs emacs source
/usr/local/lib/gemacs/lisp various mode files
/usr/src/uci/imagen/texproject/bibtex
/usr/src/uci/imagen/dvips
gdb run, where (call stack)
remote debugging:
on target: gdbserver <host:port> <command> [<args>]
on host: gdb <file>
target remote <host:port>
xfig (saves as FIG file)
fig2dev -L latex converts .fig to LaTeX
fig2dev -Lps foo.fig foo.ps convert .fig file to Postscript file
\input{psfig} in LaTeX document
\psfig{figure=foo.ps,height=7.5in}
dvips -o foo.ps foo convert .dvi file to postscript
dvips -t landscape [...] landscape
latex2html -split 2 -link 1 <file.tex>
kpsewhich --show-path=bst show search path for bibtex .bst files
mktexlsr generate kpathsea ls-R databases: run it if
dvips fails with error message:
No usable entries in /var/lib/texmf/ls-R.
cc foo.c -lcurses -ltermcap and #include <curses.h>
man byteorder host-network byte order conversion routines
fcntl(int fd, F_SETLK, struct flock fl)
System V record locks (shared/exclusive and advisory/mandatory (mandatory
if file has setgid bit on and group execute bit off))
sunos papers: ~schmidt/personal/research/networking-os/sunos
/usr/bin/strip strips executables, leaves them as dynamic
/opt/gnu/bin/strip strips executables, including removal of #ident
strings!, AND makes dynamic executables static
cd . correct window title (use after a cd in a
subshell, under tcsh with my cwdcmd alias)
to tar across directories:
(cd <foo> > /dev/null; tar cf - .) | tar xvBpf -
or:
(cd <foo> > /dev/null; cpio -pmd `pwd`)
across machines:
destination machine: test_tcp -r -B | cpio -imd
source machine: find . | cpio -o -Hcrc | test_tcp -t -v <dest_machine>
cp -bdpu <file[s]> <directory> update, say, an "include" directory
new files owned by nobody: remove and recreate the parent directory
mbuf status:
% cd /usr/lib/adb
% adb -k /vmunix /dev/mem
% $<mbstat
enable automount trace (to console window):
# cd /net/=v
# cd /net/=2
to disable:
# cd /net/=v
# cd /net/=0
SunOS4 kernel customization: /sys/sun4m/conf/GENERIC
kernel name list access: man nlist
diff -u unified diff (GNU diff only), can be used by
patch
Context diffs. Thanks to Carlos O'Ryan <coryan@cs.wustl.edu> for these:
# GNU diff
$ diff -r -P -N -c ACE_wrappers.orig ACE_wrappers
# Regular diff (OK if no new or removed files)
$ diff -r -c ACE_wrappers.orig ACE_wrappers
53. Unix (Solaris 5.x)
physical memory (also works on SunOS 4.x): % /usr/bin/dmesg | egrep mem | head but it's not foolproof: the memory size is printed to the system message at startup, but the buffer may get overrun after that nispasswd -s change shell mkpasswd -l 8 generate a password of length 8 (mkpasswd is in expect RPM) eject eject a cdrom: might need "cd" argument; eject -d shows default device, eject -q lists aliases eject -f cd0 force eject of a cdrom module avail list of available modules on ICS Solaris 2.x module lists options (man module for more info) module load/unload <pkgname> to load/unload a package modulerun PACKAGE PROGRAM ARGS run a single program without loading module, e.g., modulerun openwin cm pkgadd SUNWzlib installs a package that is in /var/spool/pkg/ pkgchk -v SUNWzlib list all files provided by named package /var/sadm/install/contents files and associated packages, man contents /pkg/.pkg/lib/packages/ location of ECL's packages priocntl -d -i class RT list scheduling info for real-time processes priocntl -l display scheduling class config info priocntl -e -c RT -p 59 <command> execute <command> at RT priority 59 psrinfo tells number of CPUs; with -v option, tells their speed and type list kernel patches: % showrev -p /usr/sbin/shutdown -i 6 -g 30 -y msg reboot in 30 seconds WITHOUT confirmation truss -a -vpriocntlsys -tpriocntlsys priocntl -d -i class IA example of truss call with arguments shown to specific system call volcheck checks for floppy in drive and mounts it Doug's collection of Solaris papers: tango:~schmidt/schmidt/systems/SunOS/ To make a Makefile for an /opt/local program, simply type "mkmf". To make a Makefile for an /opt/public program, type "mkmf -DPublicProgram". serial port communications: 1) connect to DB25 pin connector marked "A" on back of box 2) add o+rw permission to /dev/cua/a 3) cu -9600 -o -l /dev/cua/a dir snoop host <IP address> reboot: sync; sync; reboot print out the IP address of an ACE_INET_Addr: ::fprintf (stderr, "%X\n", ((struct sockaddr_in *) addr.get_addr ())->sin_addr.s_addr); Show dynamic linking info: /usr/ccs/bin/dump -Lv a.out
------------------------------------------------------------------------
High CPU utilization (52%) with HP printer on Windows:
Only do this if your printer has a static IP address:
Stop and disable (or set to manual startup type) the HP Network
Devices Support service (Control Panel->Administrative Tools->Services
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
If Windows (and/or Samba) machines can't see each other's
shared files, investigate:
1) Is NetBIOS enabled over TCP/IP? Is the Computer Browser
Service running? See
http://support.microsoft.com/?kbid=318030
2) Is File/Printer sharing allowed by the Windows Firewall?
Start->Control Panel->Windows Firewall, make sure that
the "Don't allow exceptions" box is NOT checked.
Then go to the Exceptions tab and make sure that the
"File and Printer Sharing" box IS checked.
See the Samba section for information on
opening iptables to support samba.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
To specify a particular printer, even if Windows searches and
doesn't find it:
\\server\printer, e.g., \\centi\Laser_Printer_1100
If you need to enter a password, such as with Samba, a dialogue
box will pop up for you to enter it.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------------------------------------------------
Windows XP/RedHat Linux dual boot:
1) If you can, make a complete backup of your original Windows XP
installation first. Then, during Linux install, repartition to
create the Linux / and swap partitions. Or, use a repartition
program to add the Linux partitions.
2) Install Linux, and re-install XP, if necessary. The Linux
/etc/lilo.conf should contain:
boot=/dev/hda2 (where /dev/hda2 is the Linux boot partition)
and should not contain prompt or message lines.
3) If necessary, boot Linux from the CD or floppy. You can use
rescue mode, then chroot /mnt/sysimage (this is how RedHat
allows access to your Linux installation.) Then:
# mkdir /mnt/c
# mount /dev/hda1 /mnt/c
# lilo -v
# dd if=/dev/hda2 of=/mnt/c/boot.lnx bs=512 count=1
This assumes that XP is on /dev/hda1 and Linux is on /dev/hda2.
4) Edit XP's boot.ini file to include:
C:\BOOT.LNX="Linux"
You can change the default to C:\BOOT.LNX, if desired. Also,
the timeout value can be changed.
------------------------------------------------------------------------
To open Scheduled Tasks: Start/All Programs/Accessories/System Tools/Scheduled Tasks
http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;308569&sd=tech
To show what DLLs an executable needs, look for dll/DLL in the output of:
objdump -p foo.exe
\WINNT\system32\drivers\etc\Hosts:
C:\WINDOWS\HOSTS: (Win98, be sure to rename HOSTS.SAM to HOSTS)
127.0.0.1 localhost
Alt-Tab cycle between windows; even works with Win 3.1
Windows 3.1:
File tab, Shift-Exit save current window configuration
Home path from SEAS NT machine: \\cs\/export/home/cs/faculty/levine
Terminal server: start Terminal Server Client
Ctrl-Alt-Break to toggle full page
Network Neighborhood/NFS Network/cs.wustl.edu/tango to mount its partitions
D:\Inetpub\ftproot for FTP exports
NT IP configuration:
ipconfig
ipconfig /release
ipconfig /renew
Win98 registry backup/restore:
> cd /windows/command
> scanreg /backup
> scanreg /restore (in DOS mode only)
Windows ME environment variables:
Start->Programs->Accessories->System Tools->System Info
Tools->System Configuration->Environment
Windows ME (and XP) disable System Restore (if performance gets really bad):
Start->Settings->Control Panel->System->Performance->
File System->Troubleshooting->Disable System Restore
To delete a directory tree on Windows that doesn't have
deltree: rd /s /q <path>
Windows file sharing setup:
1) Right click on "My Documents" icon, open Explore
2) In the left-hand window, click:
My Network Places (or Network Neighborhood)
Entire Network
Microsoft Windows Network
Workgroup
machine name
You can move files in and out of the share folder for each machine,
and create new folders in it (assuming that permissions are
appropriate).
Things that can go wrong:
1) Your computer needs to be in the same workgroup as the host that
you're trying to share with.
To change, if necessary:
Win2K:
Start->Settings->Control Panel->System->Network Identification->
Properties->Workgroup
WinME:
Start->Settings->Control Panel->Network->Identification->Workgroup
Enter workgroup name and reboot.
2) If still no luck, check if Microsoft Client Services and/or TCP/IP
need to be installed:
Win2K:
Start->Settings->Network and Dial-up Connections->
<double click on active connection icon>->
Properties->Install->Client->Add->Client for Microsoft Networks
TCP/IP
WinME:
Start->Settings->Control Panel->Network->Configuration->Add->Client->
Add->Client for Microsoft Networks
TCP/IP
and reboot.
(Note, you don't need IPX/SPX or Netware.)
3) On Windows 98, be sure that you are logged on to the network.
Make sure that the proper logon setting, such as Windows Logon,
appears in Start->Settings->Control Panel->Network->Primary Network Logon.
Also, make sure that
Start->Settings->Control Panel->Network->Client for Microsoft
Windows->Properties
shows that Quick Logon is selected.
If those are OK, you may need to edit the registry to remove the
AutoLogon key from:
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Network\Real Mode Net
See this Microsoft support resolution on No
Windows or Network Logon Dialog Box at Startup (Q141858)
for more information.
Here are some
boot.ini
options.
To insert a graphic into a Word document:
Insert->Picture->From File
right click on the picture, Format Picture->Layout->Behind
Text
resize and move as desired
To configure Outlook Express 6 to see email attachments: in Tools->Options->Security, uncheck "Do not allow attachments to be saved or opened that could potentially be a virus." To convert a .xlsx or .pptx file to something that OpenOffice can handle: 1) download and install http://download.go-oo.org/red-carpet/ooo-680/sled-10-sp-i586/odf-converter-1.1-7.i586.rpm 2) run "/usr/lib/ooo-2.0/program/OdfConverter /i" on the file
To remove the EOF marker at the end of a text file: copy <textfile> +,, /b To restore the master boot record on the first hard drive: fdisk /mbr
To setup remote machines so that they can connect to a host using ssh2: On the host machine: $ ssh-keygen -t dsa (enter a passphrase when prompted) $ cp ~/.ssh/id_dsa.pub ~/.ssh/authorized_keys2 (newer OpenSSH versions allow ~/.ssh/authorized_keys) On the remote machine: $ scp <host machine>:.ssh/id_dsa ~/.ssh If ssh operations are slow (20 seconds), try adding the Internet address of the client machine to the hosts file on the server. The hostname doesn't matter, just the address. ssh on Windows: Get putty.exe from the PuTTY Download Page. ssh tunnel: ssh -L 8000:intranet:80 <remote host> forwards port 8000 on the local machine to port 80 on the host named intranet that is accessible from <remote host>. ssh tunnel with PuTTY: Go to the Connection->SSH->Tunnels category (at the very bottom of the tree). Near the bottom: Source port: 8000 Destination: intranet:80 Make sure the Local radio button is set, hit Add, then start the ssh session as usual. From Netscape, localhost:8000 will then forward to intranet:80. From IE, you need to specify http://localhost:8000. When using puttygen to generate a key that will be used by OpenSSH, use the Conversions->Export OpenSSH key to export the private key. When putting the public key in anauthorized_keysfile, prepend with "ssh-dss ", remove all newlines except the last, and add any comments you like at the end of the line. The above ssh-keygen instruction assumes OpenSSH. With commercial SSH, the filename root will beid_dsa_1024_ainstead ofid_dsa. And the authorization file should be set up using these commands: $ mv id_dsa_1024_a.pub .ssh2/hostkeys/<remote machine>.pub $ echo Key hostkeys/<remote machine>.pub >> .ssh2/authorization To build OpenSSH with non-default install and OpenSSL directories: ./configure --prefix=/opt/local/openssh-4.4p1 \ --with-ssl-dir=/opt/local/ssl64/lib --with-ipv4-default && make On Solaris with gcc 3.0 and later, 64 bit: ./configure --build=sparcv9-sun-solaris \ --prefix=/opt/local/openssh-4.4p1 \ --with-ssl-dir=/opt/local/openssl64-0.9.8d --with-ipv4-default \ --with-cflags=-m64 --with-ldflags=-m64 && make To build OpenSSL: ./config --prefix=/opt/local/openssl-0.9.8d \ --openssldir=/opt/local/openssl-0.9.8d \ no-idea no-mdc2 no-rc5 && make depend && make && make test For 64-bit, on Solaris: ./Configure --prefix=/opt/local/openssl64-0.9.8d \ --openssldir=/opt/local/openssl64-0.9.8d \ no-idea no-mdc2 no-rc5 solaris64-sparcv9-gcc && \ make depend && make && make test Generate gpg key pair: gpg --gen-key List gpg keys: gpg --list-keys Export all public keys: gpg --export --armor > mykey.pub Encrypt a file with a passphrase: gpg -c --cipher-algo AES256 file Decrypt a file: gpg -d [--output file] file.gpg
- Install NT Note, 14 in. monitor uses 800x600, 60 Hz, 256 colors With Dell OptiPlex, must use PS/2 mouse Use NT to partition the hard disk: 2047 2047 2047 extended with two 3820 logical partitions
Install networking.
- Install LynxOS in second partition hd2->hd0c
- Install Solaris in third partition 1) To change a netmask, add a line like this to /etc/inet/netmasks: 128.252.0.0 255.255.255.0 2) Change these lines in /etc/nsswitch.conf: hosts: xfn nisplus dns [NOTFOUND=return] files netmasks: files nisplus [NOTFOUND=return] automount: files # nisplus # sendmailvars: files nisplus
- Install Linux in first logical partition
You'll need Ghostscript itself, as well as zlib, libpng, jpeg, and
the Ghostscript fonts.
1) Unpack and build, but do not install, zlib, libpng, and jpeg.
2) Unpack gs. Copy and modify the appropriate makefile. You might
need to tell it where to find your zlib, libpng, and jpeg sources.
3) Build and install gs.
4) Copy the appropriate Fontmaps file to
<prefix>/share/ghostscript/<version>/
5) Install the Ghostscript fonts in <prefix>/share/ghostscript/
To list shared resources of a Windows machine or samba server: smbclient -N -L host To set up a remote Windows printer for use on a Linux machine: share = //host/Sharename (The Sharename is shown by smbclient -N -L host.) To use smbclient to interact with a shared resource: smbclient //host/Sharename On Mac OSX, connect to host using something like: smb://<host>/share To open iptables to support samba, see http://hr.uoregon.edu/davidrl/samba.html (January 2005).
To build a personal copy: $ perl Makefile.PL PREFIX=~/lib/Mail/Mail-SpamAssassin-2.61/sausr SYSCONFDIR=~/lib/Mail/Mail-SpamAssassin-2.61/saetc && make && make installThis SpamAssassin Configuration Generator is quite helpful.
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Last modified 20:44:13 CST 15 November 2009.